Read the excerpt below in order to answer questions 32 and 33.

Teachers and other educational professionals spend a lot of time testing, evaluating and assessing students. Sometimes, this is to measure students’ abilities to see if they can enter a course or institution. Sometimes, it is to see how well they are getting on. Sometimes it is because the students themselves want a qualification. Sometimes this assessment is formal and public, and sometimes it is informal and takes place in day-to-day lessons.

(Adaptado de Harmer, Jeremy. Testing and Evaluation. In. Harmer, Jeremy. The practice of English language teaching. 4th edition. 2007. p. 379)