PARÁGRAFO 2

In the hierarchical perspective, leadership comes from the top of the organization, whereas in the horizontal perspective of leadership, leadership is shared with every member in the organization. The horizontal perspective proposed in shared leadership emphasizes that every public employee can share and display leadership regardless of hierarchical position Bradford and Cohen (1998) further argued that shared leadership “makes every one a leader and enlarges the psychological ownership of everyone” (p. 15). Additionally, “leadership is everyone’s business” (Kouzes & Posner, 1996, p. 108).