Considere a matriz abaixo.

!$ A \, = \, \begin {bmatrix} a_{11} \,\,\,\,\, a_{12} \,\,\,\,\, a_{13} \\ a_{21} \,\,\,\,\, a_{22} \,\,\,\,\, a_{23} \\ a_{31} \,\,\,\,\, a_{32} \,\,\,\,\, a_{33} \end {bmatrix} !$

Seus autovalores são obtidos a partir: