Formative assessment in the context of English language teaching is a dynamic and interactive process that prioritizes the continuous monitoring of learners’ linguistic, cognitive, and socio-emotional development (Black & Wiliam, 1998). Its primary purpose is not merely to quantify achievement, but to scaffold learning through diagnostic feedback, reflective practices, and metacognitive engagement. In basic education, formative assessment encourages learners to co-construct meaning, identify strengths and areas for improvement, and develop autonomous strategies for language use. Effective implementation requires teachers to integrate multimodal resources, collaborative tasks, and culturally authentic materials, ensuring that assessment aligns with communicative competence, intercultural awareness, and ethical dimensions of learning. By positioning assessment as a tool for empowerment rather than control, educators foster critical thinking, learner agency, and a deeper engagement with both linguistic structures and social practices of the target language.

BLACK, P., & WILIAM, D. (1998). Assessment and classroom learning. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 5(1), p. 7–74.

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