Texto para os itens de 7 a 16.

O nome atribuído às línguas não é uma definição aleatória. As línguas precisam ser nomeadas para poder existir. Línguas são batizadas a partir do momento histórico em que é necessário afirmar sua posição ou conferir identidade aos seus falantes. Assim, a língua dos portugueses chamamos português. Além disso, territórios etnicamente diversos podem apresentar línguas que se relacionam com as populações ali pertencentes. Desse modo, à língua falada no País de Gales dá-se o nome de galês, e a língua mais falada no sudeste da China chamamos cantonês.

Parece simples, mas nem tanto. Há diferentes modelos de povoação linguística, que representam a complexidade dos modelos de povoação humana. Mas o que todas as línguas naturais conhecidas compartilham é justamente o fato de servirem à comunicação de seus falantes e terem, por isso, um nome. No que se refere ao Brasil, a língua majoritariamente utilizada em seu vasto território é a que se costumou chamar português. Usar o português no Brasil é fruto de uma herança de colonização e dominação de Portugal, país cuja língua tem esse mesmo nome.

O português falado no Brasil e o utilizado em Portugal não compartilham as mesmas características. Diferenciam-se em relação ao vocabulário, à maneira de falar e de entoar as frases, à posição das palavras na frase e assim por diante. Convém questionar, portanto, no que se refere à nomenclatura, se seria necessário modificar o nome pelo qual a língua falada no Brasil é chamada. Há quem continue se referindo a ela tão somente como “português”. Outros propõem o uso consciente de “português brasileiro”, com nome e sobrenome. Já alguns poucos assumiram uma postura mais diferente de chamar “brasileiro” a língua utilizada no Brasil.

Chamar apenas “português”, na perspectiva histórica da língua, é um anacronismo. Não corresponde aos fatos históricos. Desconsidera as noções de desenvolvimento independente e contínuo que a língua portuguesa teve no Brasil, especialmente após o século XIX. Chamar apenas de “brasileiro” também evidencia anacronismo. Desconsidera toda a herança linguística trazida para o Brasil, que é inegavelmente portuguesa. O nome “português brasileiro” representa ruptura e continuidade. É um nome apropriado não apenas nos contextos de pesquisa acadêmica, mas uma importante ferramenta para que os falantes se reconheçam diante de sua língua.

OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. Português ou brasileiro – qual é o nome da nossa língua? Revista Roseta, v. 5. n. 1, 2022. Abralin, 2022. Internet: (com adaptações).

Text for items 31 to 40.

It has been a long while since we heard about the digital revolution. But, in reality, it is still in its initial developing phase. The IT sector is one of the impressive growing parts of this revolution. In fact, institutes of information technology and management are getting remarkable traction globally. Due to the progressive IT sector, socio-economic development is also thriving. Presently many businesses are already leveraging the benefits of the IT industry. But, some haven’t yet begun to participate. It is because IT management may bring multiple challenges for businesses wanting to integrate it.

Its prime role in business revolves around computer and telecommunication equipment applications. It operates to store, transmit and handle data. Hence, for a data-driven business, IT is increasingly important.

It provides an efficient way to exchange information. It’s also a source of ways to operate and transact in a continuously shifting technical world. Thus, it comes out as the best solution to boost competitiveness and support the growth of businesses. Additionally, it also provides similar growth opportunities to the institutional and economic sectors.

Companies wanting to embed IT in their system need to be prepared for certain challenges. The digitization of any sector requires constant upgrades and integration management. Some businesses can integrate new technologies with their legacy systems. In contrast, some might completely replace existing systems with new infrastructure. The process is expensive and very time-consuming. And there’s also the risk of not getting the desired outcome. For example, API not being able to interact between systems properly. Moreover, software and equipment upgrades can typically exceed your budget and take longer to establish. Thus, having an effective IT management plan in place is a must. It can remove risks related to upgrades and integrations for modern businesses. Ensuring diverse technologies are in sync with one another is a typical IT implementation challenge. However, if done successfully, it can bring a bunch of advantages.

The presence of strong and secured internal networks is important for businesses. These networks need to be both scalable and resilient, which poses a challenge for businesses. Current solutions should satisfy existing business necessities. But, they should also be able to deal with potential future technological advancements. This will minimize the disruption within an organization that is adopting new technologies. However, presently not many businesses maintain such strong networks. Thus, advanced IT applications lose compatibility with businesses’ existing systems.

Furthermore, IT leaders remain under constant pressure to cut down the overall processing costs of organizations. In addition to this, they need to keep up with productive and innovative deliveries. Moreover, competitive organizations are always in the race to deliver similar productivity at a lower expense. With the IT advancement, the need to deliver more at less expense will continue. Organizations will be actively seeking and creating new ways to meet this expectation. From a competitive perspective, it is good. But, staying ahead of the curve might become a constant challenge for organizations.

Emerging techs will bring new challenges for organizations of all sizes. Some might be easier to overcome than others. Businesses need to connect with future technologies. For this, they need to stay updated with the latest technological trends. The IT sector has been a part of organizations’ development for a long time. Staying in touch with what next it has to offer would be best for businesses. Also, proper knowledge in place will be helpful in overcoming challenges.

According to the text, judge the following items.

Texto para os itens de 4 a 6.

Art. 2º A política urbana tem por objetivo ordenar o pleno desenvolvimento das funções sociais da cidade e da propriedade urbana, mediante as seguintes diretrizes gerais:

I – garantia do direito a cidades sustentáveis, entendido como o direito à terra urbana, à moradia, ao saneamento ambiental, à infraestrutura urbana, ao transporte e aos serviços públicos, ao trabalho e ao lazer, para as presentes e futuras gerações;

XX – promoção de conforto, de abrigo, de descanso, de bem-estar e de acessibilidade na fruição dos espaços livres de uso público, de seu mobiliário e de suas interfaces com os espaços de uso privado, vedado o emprego de materiais, de estruturas, de equipamentos e de técnicas construtivas hostis que tenham como objetivo ou resultado o afastamento de pessoas em situação de rua, de idosos, de jovens e de outros segmentos da população.

Internet:<planalto.gov.br> (com adaptações).

Considerando as características textuais e gramaticais presentes no texto, julgue os itens seguintes.

Text for items 31 to 40.

It has been a long while since we heard about the digital revolution. But, in reality, it is still in its initial developing phase. The IT sector is one of the impressive growing parts of this revolution. In fact, institutes of information technology and management are getting remarkable traction globally. Due to the progressive IT sector, socio-economic development is also thriving. Presently many businesses are already leveraging the benefits of the IT industry. But, some haven’t yet begun to participate. It is because IT management may bring multiple challenges for businesses wanting to integrate it.

Its prime role in business revolves around computer and telecommunication equipment applications. It operates to store, transmit and handle data. Hence, for a data-driven business, IT is increasingly important.

It provides an efficient way to exchange information. It’s also a source of ways to operate and transact in a continuously shifting technical world. Thus, it comes out as the best solution to boost competitiveness and support the growth of businesses. Additionally, it also provides similar growth opportunities to the institutional and economic sectors.

Companies wanting to embed IT in their system need to be prepared for certain challenges. The digitization of any sector requires constant upgrades and integration management. Some businesses can integrate new technologies with their legacy systems. In contrast, some might completely replace existing systems with new infrastructure. The process is expensive and very time-consuming. And there’s also the risk of not getting the desired outcome. For example, API not being able to interact between systems properly. Moreover, software and equipment upgrades can typically exceed your budget and take longer to establish. Thus, having an effective IT management plan in place is a must. It can remove risks related to upgrades and integrations for modern businesses. Ensuring diverse technologies are in sync with one another is a typical IT implementation challenge. However, if done successfully, it can bring a bunch of advantages.

The presence of strong and secured internal networks is important for businesses. These networks need to be both scalable and resilient, which poses a challenge for businesses. Current solutions should satisfy existing business necessities. But, they should also be able to deal with potential future technological advancements. This will minimize the disruption within an organization that is adopting new technologies. However, presently not many businesses maintain such strong networks. Thus, advanced IT applications lose compatibility with businesses’ existing systems.

Furthermore, IT leaders remain under constant pressure to cut down the overall processing costs of organizations. In addition to this, they need to keep up with productive and innovative deliveries. Moreover, competitive organizations are always in the race to deliver similar productivity at a lower expense. With the IT advancement, the need to deliver more at less expense will continue. Organizations will be actively seeking and creating new ways to meet this expectation. From a competitive perspective, it is good. But, staying ahead of the curve might become a constant challenge for organizations.

Emerging techs will bring new challenges for organizations of all sizes. Some might be easier to overcome than others. Businesses need to connect with future technologies. For this, they need to stay updated with the latest technological trends. The IT sector has been a part of organizations’ development for a long time. Staying in touch with what next it has to offer would be best for businesses. Also, proper knowledge in place will be helpful in overcoming challenges.

According to the text, judge the following items.