A torre de Hanói constitui-se em um jogo estratégico capaz de contribuir no desenvolvimento da memória, no planejamento e na solução de problemas. O jogo se apresenta em uma base que possui três pinos na posição vertical (figura a seguir). No primeiro pino, tem-se uma sequência de discos com ordem crescente de diâmetro, de cima para baixo. O objetivo é passar todos os discos para o último pino com a ajuda do pino central, de modo que no momento da transferência o pino de maior diâmetro nunca fique sobre o de menor diâmetro.

Disponível em: <https://educador.brasilescola.uol.com.br/estrategias-ensino/torre-hanoi.htm>. Acesso em: 10 abr. 2018 (Adaptação).

O sulfito de sódio !$ (Na_2SO_3) !$ é um sal inorgânico muito utilizado como conservante de alimentos e na manufatura de papel. Um dos processos de produção do sulfito de sódio pode ser obtido mediante a seguinte equação na condição de equilíbrio químico.

!$ Na_2 !$O(s) + !$ SO_2 !$(g) !$ \rightleftharpoons !$ !$ Na_2SO_3 !$(s) ΔH < 0

Considerando que para a reação de produção em um processo industrial é desejável que se produza mais sulfito de sódio partindo de um sistema em equilíbrio, qual fator é adequado para tal processo?

“Densidade demográfica pré-colombiana bem inferior em média à da Indo-América nuclear, catástrofe demográfica irreversível em zonas tropicais baixas como a da costa brasileira: eis os fatores de peso na explicação de que o Brasil colonial na sua maior parte integrasse o setor afro-americano das Américas, não o indo-americano, no tocante à população e às formas de trabalho.”

CARDOSO, Ciro F. S. O Trabalho na Colônia. In: LINHARES, Maria Yedda. História Geral do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Campus, 1990. p. 73.

Considerando o texto apresentado, a utilização da mão de obra de africanos escravizados no Brasil colonial é explicada pela

Em relação à regência verbal, assinale a alternativa incorreta.

“[...] no cerne da nossa comunidade permaneceu, teimosa, a concepção de que existiriam homens, por natureza diversos; repartidos por sua história, sua biologia e condição. Tanto que o destino dos homens livres e pobres, aliás, a grande maioria da população [...] (girara) em torno das ‘relações de favor’; expediente muito mais exercido a partir de estruturas de dependência pessoal do que pautado numa cartela de direitos civis ou sociais. [...]”

SCHWARCZ, Lilia M.; STARLING, Heloisa M. Brasil: uma biografia. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2015. p. 500-01.

Refletindo sobre os direitos civis, “cujo princípio normativo é a liberdade individual e [...]. de que pessoas obrigadas a obedecer às leis devem ter igual direito” (SCHWARCZ; STARLING, p. 500), assinale a alternativa em que as autoras expressam a aplicação dos direitos civis no Brasil da primeira década e meia do século XXI.

INSTRUCTIONS: Read the following text carefully and mark the correct alternative that completes the sentences presented after it.

International Civil Defence Organisation

1. Introduction

Fires are the accidents which occur most frequently, whose causes are the most diverse and which require intervention methods and techniques adapted to the conditions and needs of each incident. Depending on the type of fire (nature of the material ablaze), meteorological conditions (wind) and the effectiveness of the intervention, material damage can be limited (a single car, building or production or storage warehouse installation), or affect wide areas (forest or agricultural fires, hydrocarbons, gas or other highly flammable products, storage or piping installations, harbour installations and rail or marine transport equipment). […]

2. Preventive and protective measures

Fires can spread more or less rapidly depending on their causes, the nature of the material and goods alight, the fire prevention installations (automatic sprinklers), meteorological conditions, the ways the population is informed and the initiative it shows, as well as the speed and efficiency of the intervening services and of their fire-fighting equipment. In the light of experience, prevention is seen to be most important and consists of two distinct components. On the one hand, the primary responsibility falling upon the political authorities empowered to implement the legal prescriptions concerning fire protection, to forecast accidents and to inform the population, as well as to set up measures and means for fighting fires and explosions. On the other hand, the responsible behaviour of each individual based upon an education geared towards caution and the respect of instructions in case of fire. Defining, and controlling the implementation of, the particular rules of protection against fires, specific to each enterprise presenting a potential danger, including the training of security personnel, is also relevant in this context. The many types of fire and the preventive and protective measures which relate to them, make it advisable to limit the present study to the specific measures falling to the political authorities in one area only, namely that of “forest fires”. This type of fire is of particular interest to developing countries and the preventive measures to be applied have a general representative value, that is:

– organising an observation service, prevention and alarm (security) service at local and regional levels;

– implementing legislation regulating the use of fire by all the population present in or at the edge of forests, and more particularly by owners and individuals exercising a professional activity in sensitive areas;

– planning and concrete preparation (periodic maintenance) for fire-fighting through adequate landscaping of the territory and appropriate forest cultivation limiting fire propagation (alternating vegetation, clearance, trimming), creating and maintaining access paths (extinction) and fire-break areas as well as fire-fighting equipment such as water supplies (conduits, cisterns), watch towers and meteorological posts, and the construction of helicopter landing pads;

– surveillance and detection of fires as soon as the danger of fires is forecast by the ad hoc meteorological service (which comprises automatic or mobile statistics posts observing the winds and the vegetation: dryness, force, direction, evolution);

– as soon as the danger of fire increases, activating an alarm plan (basic intervention plan) requiring the engagement of preventive intervention squads (firemen), and their wide positioning as near as possible to the threatened zones, and making available water bombers and specialised aerial machines ready for action;

– preparation and concretisation (organisation) of an intervention mechanism: this requires the setting up of specialised management programmes ensuring the coordination of powerful and efficient equipment and means for fighting forest fires (instruction);

– preparedness management and the coordination of the use of the means of intervention of the authorities and the information and alarm services for the population require a secure transmission network (radio network);

– planning the evacuation of the population possibly under threat in the various sensitive areas, particularly if there are risks of explosion (reservoirs and gas conduits explosives or ammunition dumps, hydrocarbon production, handling or transport installations, other dangerous material, etc.).

[...]

Available at: <http://www.icdo.org/en/disasters/man-made-disasters/industrial-accidents/fire>. Accessed on: April 6th, 2018 (Fragment).

According to the text, in a fire incident