A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo:

(…) Languages have always died. As cultures have risen and fallen, so their languages have emerged and disappeared. We can get some sense of it following the appearance of written language, for we now have records (in various forms – inscriptions, clay tablets, documents) of dozens of extinct languages from classical times – Bithynian, Cilician, Pisidian, Phrygian, Paphlagonian, Etruscan, Sumerian, Elamite, Hittite... We know of some 75 extinct languages which have been spoken in Europe and Asia Minor. But the extinct languages of which we have some historical record in this part of the world must be only a fraction of those for which we have nothing. And when we extend our coverage to the whole world, where written records of ancient languages are largely absent, it is easy to see that no sensible estimate can be obtained about the rate at which languages have died in the past. We can of course make guesses at the size of the population in previous eras, and the likely size of communities, and (on the assumption that each community would have had its own language) work out possible numbers of languages.(...)

(Crystal, D. Language Death. C.U.P. 2000:68)

Assinale a opção que contém os respectivos referentes dos itens abaixo relacionados:

"their" em "...so their languages have emerged..."

"which" em "...of those for which we have nothing..."

"where" em "…where written records of ancient languages..."

A questão refere-se ao seguinte trecho, extraído de uma entrevista:

Hywel Rhys Thomas, 56, is an authority on Education. Holder of a PhD in Education from the University of Birmingham, he has worked as a lecturer, administrator and researcher in Europe and as a consultant in Africa and South America. Last September he took part in "Education and Science as Strategies for National Development", an international seminar held in Brasilia organised by UNESCO and the Brazilian Ministry of Education. Dr.Thomas, who participated as a guest of the British Council, discussed his ideas with Link UK:

(I)

Link: .......................................................................

H. R. Thomas: Over the last 15 years, the United Kingdom has been a place where major reforms have been introduced into almost all parts of the education system. It has become a 'natural laboratory', where different methods have been employed. We have gone from a system with very great professional autonomy to one where there is much more direction. My presentation explored the issue of balance between autonomy and control.

Link: What is the greatest challenge for Education in a country like Brazil?

H. R. Thomas: Clearly, sufficient resources are a major challenge. It is also important to move towards more active learning. The leading economies of the 21!$ ^{st} !$ century will be ones where people are lifelong learners and the only way in which you become a lifelong learner is to learn how to learn. This must mean moving away from passive acquisition of knowledge to a model where there is more emphasis on analytical and critical skills.

(adapted from Link UK. March/April/May/June,2004)

Assinale a opção que contém a melhor pergunta para a lacuna (I).

A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo:

(…) Languages have always died. As cultures have risen and fallen, so their languages have emerged and disappeared. We can get some sense of it following the appearance of written language, for we now have records (in various forms – inscriptions, clay tablets, documents) of dozens of extinct languages from classical times – Bithynian, Cilician, Pisidian, Phrygian, Paphlagonian, Etruscan, Sumerian, Elamite, Hittite... We know of some 75 extinct languages which have been spoken in Europe and Asia Minor. But the extinct languages of which we have some historical record in this part of the world must be only a fraction of those for which we have nothing. And when we extend our coverage to the whole world, where written records of ancient languages are largely absent, it is easy to see that no sensible estimate can be obtained about the rate at which languages have died in the past. We can of course make guesses at the size of the population in previous eras, and the likely size of communities, and (on the assumption that each community would have had its own language) work out possible numbers of languages.(...)

(Crystal, D. Language Death. C.U.P. 2000:68)

Assinale a opção que contém uma conjunção que não pode substituir "for" em "for we now have ..." .

A questão refere-se aos seguintes parágrafos:

The smaller boys were known by the generic title of "Iittluns". The decrease in size, from Ralph down, was gradual; and though there was a dubious region inhabited by Simon and Robert and Maurice, nevertheless no one had any difficulty in recognizing biguns at one end and littluns at the other. The undoubted littluns, those aged about six, led a quite distinct, and at the same time intense, life of their own. They ate most of the day, picking fruit where they could reach it and not particular about ripeness and quality. They were used now to stomach-aches and a sort of chronic diarrhoea. They suffered untold terrors in the dark and huddled together for comfort. Apart from food and sleep, they found time for play, aimless and trivial, among the white sand by the bright water. They cried for their mothers much less often than might have been expected; they were very brown, and filthily dirty. They obeyed the summons of the conch, partly because Ralph blew it, and he was big enough to be a link with the adult world of authority; and partly because they enjoyed the entertainment of the assemblies. But otherwise they seldom bothered with the biguns and their passionately emotional and corporate life was their own.

They had built castles in the sand at the bar of the little river. These castles were about one foot high and were decorated with shells, withered flowers, and interesting stones. Round the castles was a complex of marks, tracks, walls, railway lines, that were of significance only if inspected with the eye at beach-level. The littluns played here, if not happily at least with absorbed attention; and often as many as three of them would play the same game together.

(Golding, W. Lord of the flies. 1954/1977: 64-65)

Assinale a opção que contém os respectivos significados dos termos "nevertheless" em "nevertheless no one had ..." e "otherwise" em "But otherwise...".

A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo:

(…) Languages have always died. As cultures have risen and fallen, so their languages have emerged and disappeared. We can get some sense of it following the appearance of written language, for we now have records (in various forms – inscriptions, clay tablets, documents) of dozens of extinct languages from classical times – Bithynian, Cilician, Pisidian, Phrygian, Paphlagonian, Etruscan, Sumerian, Elamite, Hittite... We know of some 75 extinct languages which have been spoken in Europe and Asia Minor. But the extinct languages of which we have some historical record in this part of the world must be only a fraction of those for which we have nothing. And when we extend our coverage to the whole world, where written records of ancient languages are largely absent, it is easy to see that no sensible estimate can be obtained about the rate at which languages have died in the past. We can of course make guesses at the size of the population in previous eras, and the likely size of communities, and (on the assumption that each community would have had its own language) work out possible numbers of languages.(...)

(Crystal, D. Language Death. C.U.P. 2000:68)

Considere as seguintes asserções:

I. Há registro de cerca de 75 línguas, hoje extintas, que já foram faladas na Europa e na Ásia Menor.

II. O exame do surgimento da linguagem escrita pode nos dar pistas sabre as razões do aparecimento e desaparecimento das línguas.

III. As línguas extintas das quais temos registro hoje em dia representam a maior parte das Iínguas conhecidas.

Das afirmações acima, está(ao)correta(s)

A questão refere-se aos seguintes parágrafos:

The smaller boys were known by the generic title of "Iittluns". The decrease in size, from Ralph down, was gradual; and though there was a dubious region inhabited by Simon and Robert and Maurice, nevertheless no one had any difficulty in recognizing biguns at one end and littluns at the other. The undoubted littluns, those aged about six, led a quite distinct, and at the same time intense, life of their own. They ate most of the day, picking fruit where they could reach it and not particular about ripeness and quality. They were used now to stomach-aches and a sort of chronic diarrhoea. They suffered untold terrors in the dark and huddled together for comfort. Apart from food and sleep, they found time for play, aimless and trivial, among the white sand by the bright water. They cried for their mothers much less often than might have been expected; they were very brown, and filthily dirty. They obeyed the summons of the conch, partly because Ralph blew it, and he was big enough to be a link with the adult world of authority; and partly because they enjoyed the entertainment of the assemblies. But otherwise they seldom bothered with the biguns and their passionately emotional and corporate life was their own.

They had built castles in the sand at the bar of the little river. These castles were about one foot high and were decorated with shells, withered flowers, and interesting stones. Round the castles was a complex of marks, tracks, walls, railway lines, that were of significance only if inspected with the eye at beach-level. The littluns played here, if not happily at least with absorbed attention; and often as many as three of them would play the same game together.

(Golding, W. Lord of the flies. 1954/1977: 64-65)

Os termos "withered" em "withered flowers" ; "railway" em "railways lines" ; "absorbed" em "absorbed attention" e "often" em "and often as many as three of them" têm, respectivamente, as funções gramaticais de

Em um triângulo retângulo, a medida da mediana relativa à hipotenusa é a média geométrica das medidas dos catetos. Então, o valor do cosseno de um dos ângulos do triângulo é igual a

O intervalo !$ I ⊂ \mathbb{R} !$ que contém todas as soluções da inequação !$ \arctan { \large {1 +x \over 2}} + \arctan{ \large {1-x \over 2}} \ge { \large { \pi \over 6}} !$ é

Seja !$ z ∈ \mathbb{C} !$ com !$ \left\vert z \right\vert = 1 !$. Então, a expressão !$ \begin{vmatrix}\large {1 - \overline{z}w \over z-w} \end{vmatrix} !$ assume valor

Uma esfera de raio r é seccionada por n planos meridianos. Os volumes das respectivas cunhas esféricas contidas em uma semi-esfera formam uma progressão aritmética de razão !$ \large { \pi r^3 \over 45} !$. Se o volume da menor cunha for igual a !$ \large { \pi r^3 \over 18} !$ , então n é igual a