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THE ARAL: A DYING SEA

The Aral Sea was once the fourth biggest landlocked sea in the world – 66,100 square kilometers of surface. With abundant fishing resources, the Sea provided a healthy life for thousands of people.

The Aral receives its waters from two rivers – the Amu Dar’ya and the Syr Dar’ya. In 1918, the Soviet government decided to divert the two rivers and use their water to irrigate cotton plantations. These diversions dramatically reduced the volume of the Aral.

As a result, the concentration of salt has doubled and important changes have taken place: fishing industry and other enterprises have ceased: salt concentration in the soil has reduced the area available for agriculture and pastures; unemployment has risen dramatically; quality of drinking water has been declining because of increasing salinity, and bacteriological contamination; the health of the people, animal and plant life have suffered as well.

In the past few decades, the Aral Sea volume has decreased by 75 percent. This is a drastic change and it is human induced. During natural cycles, changes occur slowly, over hundreds of years.

The United Nations Environment Program has recently created the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea. Even if all steps are taken, a substantial recovery might be achieved only with 20 years.

(From: https://www.unenvironment.org/)

Leia o texto abaixo e responda à questão.

THE ARAL: A DYING SEA

The Aral Sea was once the fourth biggest landlocked sea in the world – 66,100 square kilometers of surface. With abundant fishing resources, the Sea provided a healthy life for thousands of people.

The Aral receives its waters from two rivers – the Amu Dar’ya and the Syr Dar’ya. In 1918, the Soviet government decided to divert the two rivers and use their water to irrigate cotton plantations. These diversions dramatically reduced the volume of the Aral.

As a result, the concentration of salt has doubled and important changes have taken place: fishing industry and other enterprises have ceased: salt concentration in the soil has reduced the area available for agriculture and pastures; unemployment has risen dramatically; quality of drinking water has been declining because of increasing salinity, and bacteriological contamination; the health of the people, animal and plant life have suffered as well.

In the past few decades, the Aral Sea volume has decreased by 75 percent. This is a drastic change and it is human induced. During natural cycles, changes occur slowly, over hundreds of years.

The United Nations Environment Program has recently created the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea. Even if all steps are taken, a substantial recovery might be achieved only with 20 years.

(From: https://www.unenvironment.org/)

Tomar decisões nem sempre é algo fácil. Tomar boas decisões, então, pode ser ainda mais difícil. Mas, chegar lá não tem muito segredo: ponderar sobre as diversas possibilidades e ter um senso crítico são caminhos que costumam fazer tudo dar certo. Ainda que isso, vez ou outra, envolva ir de encontro com suas próprias opiniões. Agora, imagine você ter uma autoconfiança muito grande e simplesmente não considerar nada disso? Pois é, cientistas da Universidade de Waterloo, no Canadá, constataram que é exatamente o que acontece com pessoas narcisistas.

A origem da palavra “narcisismo” deriva da história de Narciso, o belo jovem da mitologia grega que – spoiler – morre por se apaixonar por sua própria imagem refletida num espelho d’água. Além da crítica óbvia ao culto exagerado à própria imagem, o mito também chama atenção para o individualismo e a autoconfiança. Narcisistas geralmente possuem essas características, o que acaba fazendo com que eles realmente achem que não precisam de nada além de seu próprio ponto de vista para tomar uma decisão acertada.

Pessoas narcisistas não costumam fazer isso por mal: elas têm uma convicção clara de que já nasceram pensadores críticos altamente inteligentes – e, por isso, não precisam colocar nada na balança. O problema é que os altos níveis de confiança que eles têm em suas habilidades intelectuais vira e mexe estão equivocados.

(Fonte: Superinteressante)