Defining English as an International Language English as lingua franca (ELF) has traditionally been defined as ‘interactions between members of two or more differentlinguaculturesin English,for none ofwhom English isthemothertongue’(HOUSE, 1999:74).In other words,ELFisthe study of the type oflanguage thatis used when second language speakers from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds interact. By definition, all first language speakers of English are excluded from the focus of ELF investigations. Jenkins (2006) argues quite strongly that the purpose of ELF research is essentially to document the features of interactions between second language speakers of English and in no way is meant to depict a particular variety of English that should become the standard for second language speakers.

McKAY, S. English as an international language: What it is and what it means for pedagogy. SAGE Journals, 23 jan. 2018. Disponível em: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/003368821 7738817. Acesso em: 15 jan. 2025.


Como professor de inglês, ao considerar o ensino da língua inglesa como língua franca, é fundamental compreender que:

In the context of the text, what does the phrase “irreconcilable differences” mean?

In the sentence “Jolie’s lawyer announced on Tuesday that the settlement had been signed and filed, though no details had been disclosed,” which phrase expresses the purpose of the lawyer’s announcement?

In the sentence “Four hundred chefs in Buenos Aires teamed up to beat the world record,” which verb tense and form is used in “teamed up” and why?

In the sentence “Four hundred chefs in Buenos Aires teamed up to beat the world record for pizzas made in 12 hours,” what is the grammatical function of the relative clause “made in 12 hours”?

In the sentence “Using more than 3 tonnes of flour, 2.7 tonnes of cheese and 88,000 olives,” which of the following nouns are uncountable?

In the phrase “He played a key role in Bayern Munich’s nest years in the mid-1970s,” what is the function of the preposition "in"?

According to the text, what was one of Franz Beckenbauer's main contributions to football as a player and coach?

No trecho “Climate scientist Ella Gilbert emphasized the devastating effects of global warming,” a palavra "devastating" poderia ser corretamente substituída por qual opção?

No trecho “While it doesn’t mean the Paris Agreement target of keeping the long-term average below 1.5°C has been breached (…)” a palavra "breached" poderia ser corretamente substituída por qual opção?