Fear started taking over. I was walking into my first school in America. I had traveled a long distance from India in order to join my mother, who had been here for three years, hoping America would help my future. I was afraid how I would do. I didn’t know anybody in my classes. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. I was already confused because in India the teachers switch classes according to periods while most of the students have the same period. With anxiety on one hand and fear on the other, I reached for the doorknob, opening it slowly.

Everyone’s eyes were on me as I entered the room. Without paying attention to them, I went straight to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. With a soft voice he answered, “Yes.” His voice comforted me a little. He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India because we didn’t have anything like that. Then he asked me to choose where I would sit. I chose the seat closest to the door instead of the corner where all of the boys were sitting. I didn’t actually want to pick a seat. In India we had assigned seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the class projector.

Internet: <www.teenink.com> (adapted).

Judge if the translation suggested in item grammatically correct and maintains the meaning of the original text.

“He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India because we didn’t have anything like that.” = Ele me deu uma folha chamada Cursos Requeridos, a qual eu nunca receberia na Índia, pois nós não tínhamos nada parecido com aquilo.

Ao nos contar a história dos percalços de um funcionário em ascensão pela burocracia do Brasil imperial, Antonio Candido revisita as questões cruciais de nosso século XIX.

Nascido em um Rio ainda joanino em 1810, Antonio Nicolau Tolentino entrou para o serviço público em 1825, atravessou os anos turbulentos das Regências e do início do Segundo Reinado, falecendo em julho de 1888, logo após a abolição da escravatura. O personagem viveu, portanto, quase todo o período. Em si, o fato não tornaria mais, ou menos, interessante sua trajetória pessoal, não fosse ela significativa o suficiente para revelar a dinâmica social do tempo. Filho de lavradores pobres ou de mãe solteira — não se sabe ao certo —, saiu da obscuridade por esforço próprio, foi reconhecido em seu valor por figurões da política, arranjou um bom casamento entre a elite e terminou seus dias como alto funcionário.

Da roça aos salões de baile na Corte, a subida não foi feita sem ânimo prestativo, hesitações, orgulho das próprias qualidades, espera do momento oportuno e resignação de quem teve de ouvir calado. Tudo isso num quadro social que não lhe garantia qualquer reconhecimento e é uma constante brasileira até hoje. Entretanto, Tolentino não apenas abaixava a cabeça para resguardar sua carreira, como faria um adulador medíocre; havia nele um idealismo, no bom sentido do termo, que obviamente encontrou resistências quando foi posto em prática. O nervo da narrativa de Antonio Candido é o conflito entre as intenções racionais do burocrata e a politicagem ampla, geral e irrestrita.

Não se trata, contudo, de luta do bem contra o mal, pois tal embate tem uma especificação histórica cuja raiz se encontra no próprio surgimento do Brasil como país. Em outras palavras, o Brasil independente afirmava-se como nação moderna, adotava uma Constituição, um Parlamento, fraque e cartola, ao mesmo tempo em que mantinha a maior parte de sua população fora do âmbito da cidadania.

Milton Ohata. “Ascensão à brasileira” - Resenha de Um funcionário
da monarquia: ensaio sobre o segundo escalão, de Antonio Candido.
In: Novos estudos CEBRAP. n.º 34, nov./2002 (com adaptações).

Considerando os aspectos estruturais e gramaticais do texto, julgue o item subsequente.

A expressão “o fato” retoma a informação de que o “personagem viveu, portanto, quase todo o período”.

Facebook, the social network that celebrates its 10^th birthday this week, has astounding statistics. In just one decade, it has signed up some 1.3 billion people, half of whom log in on any given day and spend an average of 18 minutes per visit.

Facebook connects families across continents, friends across the years and people around the world.

And yet Facebook’s effects on its users may not be entirely benign. Some researchers suggest that the ability to connect does not necessarily make people any happier, and it could actually reduce the satisfaction they feel about their life.

Can it really be possible that Facebook makes you sad?

Until recently, few had studied this question and the little evidence that did exist actually hinted that the social network has a beneficial effect. In 2009, Sebastian Valenzuela and colleagues at the University of Texas at Austin measured how life satisfaction varied among over 2,500 students who used Facebook, and they found a small positive correlation.

Yet last summer, a team of psychologists from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and the University of Leuven in Belgium decided to drill a bit deeper by evaluating how life satisfaction changes over time with Facebook use.

Ethan Kross and colleagues questioned a group of people five times a day over two weeks about their emotional state. They asked questions such as “how do you feel right now?”, “how lonely do you feel right now?”, “how much have you used Facebook since we last asked?” and so on. This gave them a snapshot of each individual’s well-being and Facebook usage throughout the day.

The team found that Facebook use correlated with a low sense of well-being. “The more people used Facebook over two-weeks, the more their life satisfaction levels declined over time,” they said. “Rather than enhancing well-being, these findings suggest that Facebook may undermine it.”

Justin Mullins. Can Facebook make you sad? February 6,
2014. Internet: <www.bbc.co.uk> (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.

In the sentence “it could actually reduce the satisfaction”, the expression “actually” can correctly be replaced with today.

Something about my mother attracts ornithologists. It all started years ago when a couple of them discovered she had a rare species of woodpecker* coming to her bird feeder. They came in the house and sat around the window, exclaiming and taking pictures with big cameras.

There always seemed to be three or four of them wandering around our place, discussing the body fat of hummingbirds**.

In those days, wild turkey were rare, and the pure-strain wild turkeys had begun to interbreed with farmers’ domestic stock. It was extinction by dilution.

One ornithologist had devised a method to compute the ratio of domestic to pure-strain wild turkey in an individual bird by comparing the angle of flight at takeoff and the rate of acceleration. By then, the turkeys were flying low and slow.

It was during that time, when I was six years old, that I caught the measles. I had a high fever, and my mother was worried about me.

Even the ornithologists stayed away — but not out of fear of the measles or respect for a household with sickness.

The fact was, they had discovered a wild turkey nest.

According to the formula, the hen was pure-strain wild — not a little bit of the sluggish domestic bird in her blood — and the ornithologists were camping in the woods, protecting her nest from predators and taking pictures.

One night our phone rang. It was one of the ornithologists. “Does your little girl still have measles?” he asked.

“Yes”, said my mother. “She’s very sick. Her temperature is 39 ºC.”

“I’ll be right over”, said the man.

In five minutes a whole carload of them arrived.

“thirty-nine, did you say? Where is she?” they asked my mother. They went into my room and set a box down on the bed. I was barely conscious, and when I opened my eyes, their worried faces seemed to float out of the darkness like giant, glowing eggs. They removed the cover off me and felt me all over. They consulted in whispers.

“Feels just right, I’d say.”

“Thirty-nine — can’t miss if we tuck them up close and she lies still.”

I closed my eyes then, and after a while the ornithologists disappeared.

The next morning I was better. For the first time in days I could think. The memory of the scientists with their whispered voices and their cool hands was like a dream from another life. But when I pulled down the covers, there staring up at me with wide mouths,were sixteen baby turkeys and the broken pieces of sixteen brown eggs.

Turkeys. In: Internet: <www.tacoma.k12.us> (adapted).

Glossary

* woodpecker = pica-pau

** hummingbirds = beija-flor

Based on the text above, judge the following item.

In terms of text typology, this is a narrative text.

Crossing the street while listening to an MP3 player may soon be illegal in New York. A law has been proposed in response to several deaths apparently caused by pedestrians stepping into traffic listening to iPods. The ban would also extend to other electronic devices including cell phones, video games and handheld email devices, and offenders would face a $ 100 fine.

Pedestrians are getting so involved with what they are listening on their iPods that they don’t pay enough attention to the traffic, often with tragic consequences. According to some official information, many people are being killed as a result of stepping off the sidewalk in front of fast-moving vehicles. And most of the accidents can’t be avoided because the victims couldn’t even hear the warning because of the use of MP3.

Mark Hancock & Annie McDonald. English result
upper-intermediate. Oxford University Press. p. 103 (adapted).

Judge the following item according to the text.

It is correct to infer from the text that, if people didn’t use electronic devices outside their homes, accidents wouldn’t happen.

Crossing the street while listening to an MP3 player may soon be illegal in New York. A law has been proposed in response to several deaths apparently caused by pedestrians stepping into traffic listening to iPods. The ban would also extend to other electronic devices including cell phones, video games and handheld email devices, and offenders would face a $ 100 fine.

Pedestrians are getting so involved with what they are listening on their iPods that they don’t pay enough attention to the traffic, often with tragic consequences. According to some official information, many people are being killed as a result of stepping off the sidewalk in front of fast-moving vehicles. And most of the accidents can’t be avoided because the victims couldn’t even hear the warning because of the use of MP3.

Mark Hancock & Annie McDonald. English result
upper-intermediate. Oxford University Press. p. 103 (adapted).

Judge the following item according to the text.

In New York, a law was proposed to forbid the use of MP3 outdoors.

Crossing the street while listening to an MP3 player may soon be illegal in New York. A law has been proposed in response to several deaths apparently caused by pedestrians stepping into traffic listening to iPods. The ban would also extend to other electronic devices including cell phones, video games and handheld email devices, and offenders would face a $ 100 fine.

Pedestrians are getting so involved with what they are listening on their iPods that they don’t pay enough attention to the traffic, often with tragic consequences. According to some official information, many people are being killed as a result of stepping off the sidewalk in front of fast-moving vehicles. And most of the accidents can’t be avoided because the victims couldn’t even hear the warning because of the use of MP3.

Mark Hancock & Annie McDonald. English result
upper-intermediate. Oxford University Press. p. 103 (adapted).

Judge the following item according to the text.

Most of the people who were involved in the accidents mentioned in the text couldn’t hear the vehicles approaching because they were distracted by their MP3 players.

There are people who are latecomers wherever they go.

Lateness is their way of life.

Chronic lateness has spoilt friendships, and it’s a habit that has caused people to lose their jobs. Why, then, are so many people late?

According to some specialists, not arriving on time can be a form of avoidance. You are late for a party, or coming home from work because you don’t want to be where you’re supposed to be. It can also be a habit learned on childhood from a parent or an old brother or sister who also ran late. For others, it’s a result of an inability to judge time.

Whatever reason people have, lateness almost always annoys those of us who are always prompt to attend our commitments.

Diane Washawsky. Spectrum book 4. Ana
Veltford. Prentice Hall Regents. p.156 (adapted).

Based on the text, judge the following item.

Latecomers are people who hardly ever are on time for their appointments.

There are people who are latecomers wherever they go.

Lateness is their way of life.

Chronic lateness has spoilt friendships, and it’s a habit that has caused people to lose their jobs. Why, then, are so many people late?

According to some specialists, not arriving on time can be a form of avoidance. You are late for a party, or coming home from work because you don’t want to be where you’re supposed to be. It can also be a habit learned on childhood from a parent or an old brother or sister who also ran late. For others, it’s a result of an inability to judge time.

Whatever reason people have, lateness almost always annoys those of us who are always prompt to attend our commitments.

Diane Washawsky. Spectrum book 4. Ana
Veltford. Prentice Hall Regents. p.156 (adapted).

Based on the text, judge the following item.

Some people lose their jobs because they are habitually late.

No que se refere à organização política e administrativa do Distrito Federal (DF), julgue o item abaixo.

O DF passou a ter representação no Congresso Nacional a partir das eleições de 1986, quando foram eleitos oito deputados e três senadores.