As far as semantics is concerned, choose which one of the following sentences contains an underlined word or expression that is used correctly.

As far as semantics is concerned, choose which one of the sentences below contains an underlined word or expression that is used correctly.

1 On several levels, the well-being and life chances of

Brazilian children have improved. However, significant

issues remain, and new challenges have emerged, many of

4 which are linked to the COVID-19 crisis. National and

international evidence point to some key education

challenges that need to be addressed. Student misbehavior

7 and disruption in the classroom are common and take time

away from actual learning. Furthermore, relationships

within schools are strained and, at times, hostile. This

10 creates an unsafe environment where students feel little

connection, which – in combination with disengaging

curricula – encourages their truancy, dropout and

13 underperformance. While there is growing recognition of

the importance of the students’ well-being, many aspects of

their psychological, social and physical health remain

16 overlooked by school networks, schools and teachers.

OECD. Education in Brazil: an international perspective, OECD

Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/60a667f7-en. 238 pgs. with

adaptations.

After reading the text, choose which one of the following items is correct.

1 It is widely acknowledged that two of the most

important factors in determining the success of an

educational system are teachers and school leaders. For the

4 most part, the teaching profession fails to attract able young

entrants in Brazil: teacher salaries are lower than those of

tertiary education careers, the profession is not socially

7 valued, and part-time contracts of limited duration are

unattractive. Selection measures are not always effective in

selecting highly-qualified candidates. Initial teaching

10 education is weak and provides limited emphasis on

practical skills, leaving many teachers unprepared for the

classroom. Once on-the-job, teachers receive limited support

13 to improve their practice. Brazilian teachers rarely benefit

from systematic induction, and often face obstacles to

participate in continuous professional development

16 opportunities.

OECD. Education in Brazil: an international perspective,

OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/60a667f7-en.

238 pgs. with adaptations.

After reading the text, choose which one of the following items is correct.

1 Despite increases in education spending over the

years, Brazil has only seen limited improvements in national

and international assessments. To sustain and accelerate

4 progresses in teaching and learning, Brazil will need to

retain current levels of education resources. However, there

is also significant scope to use resources more equitably and

7 effectively. For example, at present, Brazil invests more in

tertiary education than in ECEC, despite evidence that

access to high-quality ECEC not only contributes to better

10 learning outcomes but can also help reduce inequalities.

Even within tertiary education, funding arrangements tend

to disproportionately benefit students from advantaged

13 backgrounds.

OECD. Education in Brazil: an international perspective,

OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/60a667f7-en. 238 pgs.

with adaptations.

After reading the text, choose which one of the following items is correct.

1 Over the last few decades, Brazil has enhanced the

participation of children and young people, closing the gap,

at least in some respects, with high-performing countries.

4 Early childhood education has been expanded, enrolment in

primary education is close to universal, and around 80% of

the cohort participate in lower secondary education, with

7 well over half now progressing to upper secondary

education. Tertiary participation has also grown, and access

enhanced for the most disadvantaged. Despite major

10 advances, attainment and participation is still behind the

OECD average. Moreover, disadvantaged individuals face

barriers both in accessing and remaining in education. As a

13 result, levels of attainment and participation in education

vary significantly across Brazil’s population. While socioeconomic

background and regional differences are factors in

16 all systems, their impacts are stronger in Brazil than in many

comparable countries. Moreover, a large proportion of

18 young people do not complete education on time or at all.

OECD. Education in Brazil: an international perspective, OECD

Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/60a667f7-en. 238 pgs. with

adaptations.

After reading the text, choose which one of the following items is correct.

1 Even before the COVID-19 crisis, the social and

economic development which Brazil achieved over recent

decades had stalled and gone into reverse. Against that

4 background, the COVID-19 pandemic has deepened the

economic recession, and has hit hardest those least able to

cope with the downturn, exacerbating inequalities that still

7 place Brazil among the more unequal countries globally.

Education, the topic of this report, has played a big part in

Brazil’s progress, and has the potential to support the

10 country’s recovery.

OECD. Education in Brazil: an international perspective, OECD

Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/60a667f7-en. 238 pgs. with

adaptations.

After reading the text, choose which one of the following items is correct.

Regarding the voiced and unvoiced ‘th’ sounds /ð,θ/, identify the sequence that is incoherent.

1 Fight, the vibrant word that lifts the weak and

determines the strong. Who will feel the life of these

pages… Generations that are yet to come from generations

4 that will be born. […] What is worth it in life is not the

starting point, but the walk. Walking and sowing, in the end,

6 you will be able to reap what you sowed.

TOREZAN, E. V. Cora and Me: Adventures of a lone cyclist.

Brasília, DF, 2021, p. 29 and 74, with adaptations.

After reading the text, choose which one of the following items is correct.

1 The Sower came out to sow. He sowed all day and

night caught him still with his hands full of seeds. He sowed

quietly, without thinking of harvest, because much had he

4 harvested from what others sowed. Young man, be that

sower. Sow with optimism. Sow with idealism the living

6 seeds of Peace and Justice. Cora Coralina (APUD TOREZAN, 2021)

TOREZAN, E. V. Cora and Me: Adventures of a lone cyclist.

Brasília, DF, 2021, p. 6, with adaptations.

After reading the text, choose which one of the following items is correct.