Magna Concursos

Foram encontradas 272 questões.

2490280 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Francês (Língua Francesa)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

TEXTE

CHAGRIN D’ÉCOLE

Les maux de grammaire se soignent par la grammaire, les fautes d’orthographe par l’exercice de l’orthographe, la peur de lire par la lecture, celle de ne pas comprendre par l’immersion dans le texte, et l’habitude de ne pas réfléchir par le calme renfort d’une raison strictement limitée à l’objet qui nous ocupe, ici, maintenant, dans cette classe, pendant cette heure de cours, tant que nous y sommes.

J’ai hérité cette conviction de ma propre scolarité. On m’y a beaucoup fait la morale, on a souvent essayé de me raisonner, et avec bienveillance, car les gentils ne manquent pas chez les professeurs. Le directeur du collège où m’avait expédié mon cambriolage domestique, par exemple. C’était un marin, un ancien commandant de bord, rompu à la patience des océans, père de famille et mari attentif d’une épouse qu’on disait atteinte d’un mal mystérieux. Un homme fort occupé par les siens et par la direction de ce pensionnat où les cas de mon espèce ne manquaient pas. Combien d’heures a-t-il pourtant épuisées à me convaincre que je n’étais pas l’idiot que je prétendais être, que mês rêves d’exil africain étaitent des tentatives de fuite, et qu’il suffisait de me mettre sérieusement au travail pour lever l'hypothèque que mes jérémiades faisaient peser sur mes aptitudes! Je le trouvais bien bon de s’intéresser à moi, lui qui avait tant de soucis, et je promettais de me reprendre, oui, oui, tout de suite. Seulement, dès que je me retrouvais en cours de math, ou à l’étude du soir penché sur une leçon de sciences naturelles, il ne restait plus rien de l’invincible confiance que j’avais retirée de notre entretien. C’est que nous n’avions pas parlé d’algèbre, ni de la photosynthèse, mais de volonté, de concentration, c’était de moi que nous avions parlé, un moi tout à fait susceptible de progresser, si je m’y mettais vraiment! Et ce moi, gonflé d’un soudain espoir, jurait de s’appliquer, de ne plus se raconter d’histoires; hélas, dix minutes plus tard, confronté à l’algébricité du langage mathématique, il se vidait comme une baudruche, ce moi. Je redevenais le cancre familier qui n’y comprendrait jamais rien, pour la raison qu’il n’y avait jamais rien compris.

Plus tard, il y eut aussi un vieil ami, Jean Rolin, professeur de philo et père de quelques compagnons de mon adolescence. Chaque fois que je ratais une année et le bac, il m’invitait dans un excelent restaurant , pour me convaincre, une fois de plus, que chacun va son rythme et que je faisais tout bonnement un retard d’éclosion. Jean, mon cher Jean, que ces pages, si tardives qu’elles soient, te fassent sourire au paradis des philosophes. C’est vrai ce que tu m’as appris: on devient. On ne change pas tellement, parce que l’on fait avec ce que l’on est. Et me voilà aujourd’hui professeur et écrivain.

Extrait de Chagrin d’école, Daniel Pennac, 2007.

Après avoir lu attentivement le texte, répondez à la question.

Cette idée est corroborée dans le premier paragraphe du texte où l’auteur fait part au lecteur de son

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490279 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Espanhol (Língua Espanhola)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

T E X T O

LOS HUEVOS

“Cuando seas padre comerás dos huevos”. ¿Quién no ha oído esta frase en su hogar? La tradicional creencia de que estos productos eran perjudiciales para la salud si se consumían con demasiada frecuencia ha sido un lastre para los aficionados a las tortillas y los empanados. Sin embargo, ahora están de enhorabuena: En 2011, la revista “European Journal of Nutrition” concluyó que “los huevos” no contribuyen a las enfermedades cardiovasculares que se les atribuían, como un aumento alarmante del colesterol y a la gran cantidad de grasas incluidas en la yema.

Además, la Universidad de Michigan explica que los huevos “ofrecen casi todas las vitaminas y minerales esenciales que necesitan los humanos”, tales como las vitaminas A, D, E y K, así como la luteína y la zeaxantina – que contribuye a la reducción de los problemas de corazón–. Para ser un alimento “diez” sólo les falta la vitamina C.

Periódico EL A B C, Madrid 17/03/2014.

Según el texto, ¿Quiénes están de enhorabuena?

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490278 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

TEXT

For a $14.95 monthly membership, the website Lumosity promises to “train” your brain with games designed to stave off mental decline. Users view a quick succession of bird images and numbers to test attention span, for instance, or match increasingly complex tile patterns to challenge memory.

While Lumosity is perhaps the best known of the brain-game websites, with 50 million subscribers in 180 countries, the cognitive training business is booming. Happy Neuron of Mountain View, Calif., promises “brain fitness for life.” Cogmed, owned by the British education company Pearson, says its training program will give students “improved attention and capacity for learning.” The Israeli firm Neuronix is developing a brain stimulation and cognitive training program that the company calls a “new hope for Alzheimer’s disease.”

Much of the focus of the brain fitness business has been on helping children with attention-deficit problems, and on improving cognitive function and academic performance in healthy children and adults. An effective way to stave off memory loss or prevent Alzheimer’s — particularly if it were a simple website or video game — is the “holy grail” of neuroscience, said Dr. Murali Doraiswamy, director of the neurocognitive disorders program at Duke Institute for Brain Sciences.

The problem, Dr. Doraiswamy added, is that the science of cognitive training has not kept up with the hype. “Almost all the marketing claims made by all the companies go beyond the data,” he said. “We need large national studies before you can conclude that it’s ready for prime time.”

For centuries, scientists believed that most brain development occurred in the first few years of life — that by adulthood the brain was largely immutable. But over the past two decades, studies on animals and humans have found that the brain continues to form new neural connections throughout life. But questions remain whether an intervention that challenges the brain — a puzzle, studying a new language or improving skill on a video game — can really raise intelligence or stave off normal memory loss.

A series of studies in recent years has suggested that certain types of game training can improve a person’s cognitive performance. In February 2013, however, an analysis of 23 of the best studies on brain training, led by the University of Oslo researcher Monica Melby-Lervag, concluded that while players do get better, the increase in skill hasn’t been shown to transfer to other tasks. In other words, playing Sudoku or an online matching game makes you better at the game, but it doesn’t make you better at math or help you remember names or where you left your car keys.

But other studies have been more encouraging. Last September, the journal Nature published a study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, that showed a driving game did improve short-term memory and long-term focus in older adults. The findings are significant because the research found that improvements in performance weren’t limited to the game, but also appeared to be linked to a strengthening of older brains over all, helping them to perform better at other memory and attention tasks.

In addition, brain monitoring during the study showed that in older participants, game training led to bursts in brain waves associated with attention; the patterns were similar to those seen in much younger brains.

Earlier this year, the National Institutes of Health invited applications to more rigorously test brain fitness training to stave off cognitive decline. Researchers say they hope the effort will help establish a consistent standard for determining whether a brain-training intervention works.

But while the science remains unclear, entrepreneurs have seized on what is likely to be a sizable marketing opportunity. In May, hundreds of researchers and businesses will gather in San Francisco for the NeuroGaming Conference and Expo to explore the latest research and the newest technology.

While there is no real risk to participating in the many unproven brain-training games available online and through smartphones, experts say, consumers should know that the scientific jury is still out on whether they are really boosting brain health or just paying hundreds of dollars to get better at a game.

“I’m not convinced there is a huge difference between buying a $300 subscription to a gaming company versus you yourself doing challenging things on your own, like attending a lecture or learning an instrument,” Dr. Doraiswamy said. “Each person has to personalize for themselves what they find fun and challenging and what they can stick with.”

From: www.nytimes.com, March 10, 2014

Among the promises made by websites for their cognitive training programs, one may list

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490277 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Francês (Língua Francesa)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

TEXTE

CHAGRIN D’ÉCOLE

Les maux de grammaire se soignent par la grammaire, les fautes d’orthographe par l’exercice de l’orthographe, la peur de lire par la lecture, celle de ne pas comprendre par l’immersion dans le texte, et l’habitude de ne pas réfléchir par le calme renfort d’une raison strictement limitée à l’objet qui nous ocupe, ici, maintenant, dans cette classe, pendant cette heure de cours, tant que nous y sommes.

J’ai hérité cette conviction de ma propre scolarité. On m’y a beaucoup fait la morale, on a souvent essayé de me raisonner, et avec bienveillance, car les gentils ne manquent pas chez les professeurs. Le directeur du collège où m’avait expédié mon cambriolage domestique, par exemple. C’était un marin, un ancien commandant de bord, rompu à la patience des océans, père de famille et mari attentif d’une épouse qu’on disait atteinte d’un mal mystérieux. Un homme fort occupé par les siens et par la direction de ce pensionnat où les cas de mon espèce ne manquaient pas. Combien d’heures a-t-il pourtant épuisées à me convaincre que je n’étais pas l’idiot que je prétendais être, que mês rêves d’exil africain étaitent des tentatives de fuite, et qu’il suffisait de me mettre sérieusement au travail pour lever l'hypothèque que mes jérémiades faisaient peser sur mes aptitudes! Je le trouvais bien bon de s’intéresser à moi, lui qui avait tant de soucis, et je promettais de me reprendre, oui, oui, tout de suite. Seulement, dès que je me retrouvais en cours de math, ou à l’étude du soir penché sur une leçon de sciences naturelles, il ne restait plus rien de l’invincible confiance que j’avais retirée de notre entretien. C’est que nous n’avions pas parlé d’algèbre, ni de la photosynthèse, mais de volonté, de concentration, c’était de moi que nous avions parlé, un moi tout à fait susceptible de progresser, si je m’y mettais vraiment! Et ce moi, gonflé d’un soudain espoir, jurait de s’appliquer, de ne plus se raconter d’histoires; hélas, dix minutes plus tard, confronté à l’algébricité du langage mathématique, il se vidait comme une baudruche, ce moi. Je redevenais le cancre familier qui n’y comprendrait jamais rien, pour la raison qu’il n’y avait jamais rien compris.

Plus tard, il y eut aussi un vieil ami, Jean Rolin, professeur de philo et père de quelques compagnons de mon adolescence. Chaque fois que je ratais une année et le bac, il m’invitait dans un excelent restaurant , pour me convaincre, une fois de plus, que chacun va son rythme et que je faisais tout bonnement un retard d’éclosion. Jean, mon cher Jean, que ces pages, si tardives qu’elles soient, te fassent sourire au paradis des philosophes. C’est vrai ce que tu m’as appris: on devient. On ne change pas tellement, parce que l’on fait avec ce que l’on est. Et me voilà aujourd’hui professeur et écrivain.

Extrait de Chagrin d’école, Daniel Pennac, 2007.

Après avoir lu attentivement le texte, répondez à la question.

L’auteur se fait protagoniste du texte et y explicite sa présence par des pronoms et des verbes à la première personne en racontant son/ses

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490276 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Espanhol (Língua Espanhola)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

T E X T O

LOS HUEVOS

“Cuando seas padre comerás dos huevos”. ¿Quién no ha oído esta frase en su hogar? La tradicional creencia de que estos productos eran perjudiciales para la salud si se consumían con demasiada frecuencia ha sido un lastre para los aficionados a las tortillas y los empanados. Sin embargo, ahora están de enhorabuena: En 2011, la revista “European Journal of Nutrition” concluyó que “los huevos” no contribuyen a las enfermedades cardiovasculares que se les atribuían, como un aumento alarmante del colesterol y a la gran cantidad de grasas incluidas en la yema.

Además, la Universidad de Michigan explica que los huevos “ofrecen casi todas las vitaminas y minerales esenciales que necesitan los humanos”, tales como las vitaminas A, D, E y K, así como la luteína y la zeaxantina – que contribuye a la reducción de los problemas de corazón–. Para ser un alimento “diez” sólo les falta la vitamina C.

Periódico EL A B C, Madrid 17/03/2014.

De acuerdo con el texto, “las tortillas” y “los empanados” están empleadas como símbolo de

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490275 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

TEXT

For a $14.95 monthly membership, the website Lumosity promises to “train” your brain with games designed to stave off mental decline. Users view a quick succession of bird images and numbers to test attention span, for instance, or match increasingly complex tile patterns to challenge memory.

While Lumosity is perhaps the best known of the brain-game websites, with 50 million subscribers in 180 countries, the cognitive training business is booming. Happy Neuron of Mountain View, Calif., promises “brain fitness for life.” Cogmed, owned by the British education company Pearson, says its training program will give students “improved attention and capacity for learning.” The Israeli firm Neuronix is developing a brain stimulation and cognitive training program that the company calls a “new hope for Alzheimer’s disease.”

Much of the focus of the brain fitness business has been on helping children with attention-deficit problems, and on improving cognitive function and academic performance in healthy children and adults. An effective way to stave off memory loss or prevent Alzheimer’s — particularly if it were a simple website or video game — is the “holy grail” of neuroscience, said Dr. Murali Doraiswamy, director of the neurocognitive disorders program at Duke Institute for Brain Sciences.

The problem, Dr. Doraiswamy added, is that the science of cognitive training has not kept up with the hype. “Almost all the marketing claims made by all the companies go beyond the data,” he said. “We need large national studies before you can conclude that it’s ready for prime time.”

For centuries, scientists believed that most brain development occurred in the first few years of life — that by adulthood the brain was largely immutable. But over the past two decades, studies on animals and humans have found that the brain continues to form new neural connections throughout life. But questions remain whether an intervention that challenges the brain — a puzzle, studying a new language or improving skill on a video game — can really raise intelligence or stave off normal memory loss.

A series of studies in recent years has suggested that certain types of game training can improve a person’s cognitive performance. In February 2013, however, an analysis of 23 of the best studies on brain training, led by the University of Oslo researcher Monica Melby-Lervag, concluded that while players do get better, the increase in skill hasn’t been shown to transfer to other tasks. In other words, playing Sudoku or an online matching game makes you better at the game, but it doesn’t make you better at math or help you remember names or where you left your car keys.

But other studies have been more encouraging. Last September, the journal Nature published a study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, that showed a driving game did improve short-term memory and long-term focus in older adults. The findings are significant because the research found that improvements in performance weren’t limited to the game, but also appeared to be linked to a strengthening of older brains over all, helping them to perform better at other memory and attention tasks.

In addition, brain monitoring during the study showed that in older participants, game training led to bursts in brain waves associated with attention; the patterns were similar to those seen in much younger brains.

Earlier this year, the National Institutes of Health invited applications to more rigorously test brain fitness training to stave off cognitive decline. Researchers say they hope the effort will help establish a consistent standard for determining whether a brain-training intervention works.

But while the science remains unclear, entrepreneurs have seized on what is likely to be a sizable marketing opportunity. In May, hundreds of researchers and businesses will gather in San Francisco for the NeuroGaming Conference and Expo to explore the latest research and the newest technology.

While there is no real risk to participating in the many unproven brain-training games available online and through smartphones, experts say, consumers should know that the scientific jury is still out on whether they are really boosting brain health or just paying hundreds of dollars to get better at a game.

“I’m not convinced there is a huge difference between buying a $300 subscription to a gaming company versus you yourself doing challenging things on your own, like attending a lecture or learning an instrument,” Dr. Doraiswamy said. “Each person has to personalize for themselves what they find fun and challenging and what they can stick with.”

From: www.nytimes.com, March 10, 2014

According to Dr. Doraiswamy, from the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, the problem about many of the cognitive training programs being offered nowadays is that

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490274 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

TEXT

For a $14.95 monthly membership, the website Lumosity promises to “train” your brain with games designed to stave off mental decline. Users view a quick succession of bird images and numbers to test attention span, for instance, or match increasingly complex tile patterns to challenge memory.

While Lumosity is perhaps the best known of the brain-game websites, with 50 million subscribers in 180 countries, the cognitive training business is booming. Happy Neuron of Mountain View, Calif., promises “brain fitness for life.” Cogmed, owned by the British education company Pearson, says its training program will give students “improved attention and capacity for learning.” The Israeli firm Neuronix is developing a brain stimulation and cognitive training program that the company calls a “new hope for Alzheimer’s disease.”

Much of the focus of the brain fitness business has been on helping children with attention-deficit problems, and on improving cognitive function and academic performance in healthy children and adults. An effective way to stave off memory loss or prevent Alzheimer’s — particularly if it were a simple website or video game — is the “holy grail” of neuroscience, said Dr. Murali Doraiswamy, director of the neurocognitive disorders program at Duke Institute for Brain Sciences.

The problem, Dr. Doraiswamy added, is that the science of cognitive training has not kept up with the hype. “Almost all the marketing claims made by all the companies go beyond the data,” he said. “We need large national studies before you can conclude that it’s ready for prime time.”

For centuries, scientists believed that most brain development occurred in the first few years of life — that by adulthood the brain was largely immutable. But over the past two decades, studies on animals and humans have found that the brain continues to form new neural connections throughout life. But questions remain whether an intervention that challenges the brain — a puzzle, studying a new language or improving skill on a video game — can really raise intelligence or stave off normal memory loss.

A series of studies in recent years has suggested that certain types of game training can improve a person’s cognitive performance. In February 2013, however, an analysis of 23 of the best studies on brain training, led by the University of Oslo researcher Monica Melby-Lervag, concluded that while players do get better, the increase in skill hasn’t been shown to transfer to other tasks. In other words, playing Sudoku or an online matching game makes you better at the game, but it doesn’t make you better at math or help you remember names or where you left your car keys.

But other studies have been more encouraging. Last September, the journal Nature published a study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, that showed a driving game did improve short-term memory and long-term focus in older adults. The findings are significant because the research found that improvements in performance weren’t limited to the game, but also appeared to be linked to a strengthening of older brains over all, helping them to perform better at other memory and attention tasks.

In addition, brain monitoring during the study showed that in older participants, game training led to bursts in brain waves associated with attention; the patterns were similar to those seen in much younger brains.

Earlier this year, the National Institutes of Health invited applications to more rigorously test brain fitness training to stave off cognitive decline. Researchers say they hope the effort will help establish a consistent standard for determining whether a brain-training intervention works.

But while the science remains unclear, entrepreneurs have seized on what is likely to be a sizable marketing opportunity. In May, hundreds of researchers and businesses will gather in San Francisco for the NeuroGaming Conference and Expo to explore the latest research and the newest technology.

While there is no real risk to participating in the many unproven brain-training games available online and through smartphones, experts say, consumers should know that the scientific jury is still out on whether they are really boosting brain health or just paying hundreds of dollars to get better at a game.

“I’m not convinced there is a huge difference between buying a $300 subscription to a gaming company versus you yourself doing challenging things on your own, like attending a lecture or learning an instrument,” Dr. Doraiswamy said. “Each person has to personalize for themselves what they find fun and challenging and what they can stick with.”

From: www.nytimes.com, March 10, 2014

The idea that the brain ceases to develop at a very young age

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490273 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Francês (Língua Francesa)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

TEXTE

CHAGRIN D’ÉCOLE

Les maux de grammaire se soignent par la grammaire, les fautes d’orthographe par l’exercice de l’orthographe, la peur de lire par la lecture, celle de ne pas comprendre par l’immersion dans le texte, et l’habitude de ne pas réfléchir par le calme renfort d’une raison strictement limitée à l’objet qui nous ocupe, ici, maintenant, dans cette classe, pendant cette heure de cours, tant que nous y sommes.

J’ai hérité cette conviction de ma propre scolarité. On m’y a beaucoup fait la morale, on a souvent essayé de me raisonner, et avec bienveillance, car les gentils ne manquent pas chez les professeurs. Le directeur du collège où m’avait expédié mon cambriolage domestique, par exemple. C’était un marin, un ancien commandant de bord, rompu à la patience des océans, père de famille et mari attentif d’une épouse qu’on disait atteinte d’un mal mystérieux. Un homme fort occupé par les siens et par la direction de ce pensionnat où les cas de mon espèce ne manquaient pas. Combien d’heures a-t-il pourtant épuisées à me convaincre que je n’étais pas l’idiot que je prétendais être, que mês rêves d’exil africain étaitent des tentatives de fuite, et qu’il suffisait de me mettre sérieusement au travail pour lever l'hypothèque que mes jérémiades faisaient peser sur mes aptitudes! Je le trouvais bien bon de s’intéresser à moi, lui qui avait tant de soucis, et je promettais de me reprendre, oui, oui, tout de suite. Seulement, dès que je me retrouvais en cours de math, ou à l’étude du soir penché sur une leçon de sciences naturelles, il ne restait plus rien de l’invincible confiance que j’avais retirée de notre entretien. C’est que nous n’avions pas parlé d’algèbre, ni de la photosynthèse, mais de volonté, de concentration, c’était de moi que nous avions parlé, un moi tout à fait susceptible de progresser, si je m’y mettais vraiment! Et ce moi, gonflé d’un soudain espoir, jurait de s’appliquer, de ne plus se raconter d’histoires; hélas, dix minutes plus tard, confronté à l’algébricité du langage mathématique, il se vidait comme une baudruche, ce moi. Je redevenais le cancre familier qui n’y comprendrait jamais rien, pour la raison qu’il n’y avait jamais rien compris.

Plus tard, il y eut aussi un vieil ami, Jean Rolin, professeur de philo et père de quelques compagnons de mon adolescence. Chaque fois que je ratais une année et le bac, il m’invitait dans un excelent restaurant , pour me convaincre, une fois de plus, que chacun va son rythme et que je faisais tout bonnement un retard d’éclosion. Jean, mon cher Jean, que ces pages, si tardives qu’elles soient, te fassent sourire au paradis des philosophes. C’est vrai ce que tu m’as appris: on devient. On ne change pas tellement, parce que l’on fait avec ce que l’on est. Et me voilà aujourd’hui professeur et écrivain.

Extrait de Chagrin d’école, Daniel Pennac, 2007.

Après avoir lu attentivement le texte, répondez à la question.

Le texte parle du chagrin qui vient

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490272 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Espanhol (Língua Espanhola)
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

T E X T O

LOS HUEVOS

“Cuando seas padre comerás dos huevos”. ¿Quién no ha oído esta frase en su hogar? La tradicional creencia de que estos productos eran perjudiciales para la salud si se consumían con demasiada frecuencia ha sido un lastre para los aficionados a las tortillas y los empanados. Sin embargo, ahora están de enhorabuena: En 2011, la revista “European Journal of Nutrition” concluyó que “los huevos” no contribuyen a las enfermedades cardiovasculares que se les atribuían, como un aumento alarmante del colesterol y a la gran cantidad de grasas incluidas en la yema.

Además, la Universidad de Michigan explica que los huevos “ofrecen casi todas las vitaminas y minerales esenciales que necesitan los humanos”, tales como las vitaminas A, D, E y K, así como la luteína y la zeaxantina – que contribuye a la reducción de los problemas de corazón–. Para ser un alimento “diez” sólo les falta la vitamina C.

Periódico EL A B C, Madrid 17/03/2014.

La frase “Cuando seas padre comerás dos huevos” debe ser comprendida como:

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2490271 Ano: 2014
Disciplina: Biologia
Banca: UECE
Orgão: UECE
Provas:

Mesmo para os casais apaixonados, os beijos podem ser a porta de entrada de diversas doenças. Dentre as opções abaixo, são transmitidas somente pela saliva:

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas