The Revivals of the fittest

Jeremy McCarter

One compensation of New York City life is that even the unpleasant parts come wrapped in legend. Your commute to Brooklyn might be a drag, but hey, Walt Whitman did it before you, and immortalized it in a poem. For generations, no art form has done more to make the city a place of fables than the Broadway musical. From Rodgers and Hart's “Manhattan” in 1925 to “Christopher Street” in “Wonderful Town” to “Another Hundred People” in “Company”, songwriters haven't just reflected their madcap city – they've helped to define it.

Now, just when New Yorkers are in the midst of a spiritual flogging – upstaged by Obama's Washington, humbled by Wall Street's collapse, perplexed by real estate prices that are almost reasonable – the two greatest New York musicals have returned. If staged well, “West Side Story”, with its native-born and Puerto Rican gang warfare, distills the violence, frustrated dreams and tragic undertow of this immigrant town. And “Guys and Dolls”, with its hustlers and zealous (though badly outnumbered) religious believers, captures the ingenuity of New York's street poetry, the hard-edged sense of humor that is constantly demanded of people forced to navigate these sidewalks every day. Both of the revivals take liberties with the material, in hopes of speaking more directly to our vexed moment. Each tells a very different story about the way we live in the nation's artistic capital now.

The chief novelty of the revival of “West Side Story” directed by Arthur Laurents, the show's 91-year old librettist, is that considerable chuncks of the sad tale of Tony and Maria are now spoken and sung in Spanish. When this happens the first time, in a scene between Maria (Josefina Scaglione) and Anita (Karen Olivo, who just became a great big star), your eyes flick instinctively to the proscenium arch for a translation to appear. It doesn't. This prompts two thoughts in quick succession: (1) Hey, you have to know Spanish to understand what they're saying. (2) Wait – why don't I know Spanish?

(Newsweek, March 30, 2009)

From Rodgers and Hart's “Manhattan” in 1925 to “Christopher Street” in “Wonderful Town” to “Another Hundred People” in “Company”, songwriters haven't just reflected their madcap city – they 've helped to define it.

A palavra they, nesse fragmento do texto, refere-se a

Considere os tipos celulares listados.

1. Ameba

2. Célula muscular

3. Neurônio

4. Célula de parênquima

5. Cianobactéria

Sobre as células listadas, pode-se afirmar que

I. o funcionamento das células do tipo 2 está condicionado aos estímulos proporcionados por células do tipo 3;

II. células do tipo 1 e do tipo 4 apresentam expansões no corpo denominadas pseudópodes, os quais lhes permitem a locomoção;

III. a célula do tipo 5 representa um organismo procarioto considerado produtor primário nos ambientes aquáticos;

IV. de todas as células apresentadas, a do tipo 4 é a única que apresenta parede celular;

V. microvilosidades são estruturas presentes em células do tipo 3;

VI. células do tipo 4 podem ser responsáveis pela capacidade de algumas plantas de flutuarem na água;

VII. coração, intestino e língua são órgãos que apresentam células do tipo 2.

Está correto apenas o contido em

Num momento em que o Império Romano do Ocidente havia desmoronado e os Impérios Bizantino e Persa se esfacelavam, os árabes expandiram consideravelmente seus domínios. Em menos de 100 anos o Islã era a religião de toda a costa sul e leste do Mediterrâneo, além de ter se espalhado para a Pérsia, até o vale do Indo, e para a Península Ibérica.

(Cláudio Vicentino e Gianpaolo Dorigo, História para o Ensino Médio)

No contexto de tantas conquistas, a civilização árabe

Esprit français, es-tu là?

Parmi les grandes démocraties contemporaines, la France occupe, historiquement, une place particulière, parce qu’elle a toujours accordé au savoir et aux idées une prééminence dans la conduite du débat public et, partant, de l’action politique.

Et lorsque les intellectuels semblent moins s’exprimer, on leur fait reproche de leurs “salves de silence”. On y voit une sorte de trahison ou de manquement. Car cette vigilance de l’esprit constitue un utile contre-pouvoir, une force dialectique, un stimulant. Cette singularité est un atout dans une société soumise au rythme de l’information immédiate et éphémère, dans laquelle tout se perd et tout se vaut.

Cet usage résulte, comme chacun sait, de la figure française de “l’auteur engagé”. Depuis Voltaire, au moins, il s’identifie à une résistance face à l’institution, même si de grands esprits et des plumes alertes ont aussi pu accompagner les ambitions de la nation, tels les poètes de la Pléiade contribuant à l’unification linguistique et politique du royaume de France sous François Ier .

Mais cette vision émane aussi de notre héritage positiviste, qui a scellé une alliance du monde intellectuel et du monde politique, en fondant le progrès social sur les avancées de la science et de la vérité critique. C’est à cette longue tradition que se référait Nicolas Sarkozy en rappelant, au cours de sa campagne présidentielle, qu’il n’y a pas de projet politique sans véritable projet scolaire – entendez par là, sans revenir aux racines mêmes du projet républicain qui a voulu fonder le pacte social sur le partage du savoir, sur l’accès aux monuments de la culture et de la pensée. Tout honnête homme, quelle que soit son appartenance politique, désire l’avènement d’une société éclairée où progressent pour tous les valeurs de liberté et de justice. (…)

(Xavier Darcos, Le Monde.fr, 18.03.2009)

Tout honnête homme, quelle que soit son appartenance politique, désire l’avènement d’une société éclairée où progressent pour tous les valeurs de liberté et de justice. Do fragmento de texto, entende-se que

A maior disponibilidade dos alimentos, em especial os industrializados, resultou no aumento da incidência da obesidade, tanto em crianças como em adultos. Em função disso, tem-se tornado comum a procura pelas denominadas dietas milagrosas que, em geral, oferecem grande risco à saúde. Também têm sido desenvolvidos diversos medicamentos para o emagrecimento com menores tempo e esforços. Uma das substâncias desenvolvidas com essa finalidade é a sibutramina, comercializada com diversas denominações e cuja fórmula estrutural é apresentada a seguir:

Assinale a alternativa em que está corretamente caracterizada a industrialização brasileira, do período após a década de 1980 até os dias atuais.

Esprit français, es-tu là?

Parmi les grandes démocraties contemporaines, la France occupe, historiquement, une place particulière, parce qu’elle a toujours accordé au savoir et aux idées une prééminence dans la conduite du débat public et, partant, de l’action politique.

Et lorsque les intellectuels semblent moins s’exprimer, on leur fait reproche de leurs “salves de silence”. On y voit une sorte de trahison ou de manquement. Car cette vigilance de l’esprit constitue un utile contre-pouvoir, une force dialectique, un stimulant. Cette singularité est un atout dans une société soumise au rythme de l’information immédiate et éphémère, dans laquelle tout se perd et tout se vaut.

Cet usage résulte, comme chacun sait, de la figure française de “l’auteur engagé”. Depuis Voltaire, au moins, il s’identifie à une résistance face à l’institution, même si de grands esprits et des plumes alertes ont aussi pu accompagner les ambitions de la nation, tels les poètes de la Pléiade contribuant à l’unification linguistique et politique du royaume de France sous François Ier .

Mais cette vision émane aussi de notre héritage positiviste, qui a scellé une alliance du monde intellectuel et du monde politique, en fondant le progrès social sur les avancées de la science et de la vérité critique. C’est à cette longue tradition que se référait Nicolas Sarkozy en rappelant, au cours de sa campagne présidentielle, qu’il n’y a pas de projet politique sans véritable projet scolaire – entendez par là, sans revenir aux racines mêmes du projet républicain qui a voulu fonder le pacte social sur le partage du savoir, sur l’accès aux monuments de la culture et de la pensée. Tout honnête homme, quelle que soit son appartenance politique, désire l’avènement d’une société éclairée où progressent pour tous les valeurs de liberté et de justice. (…)

(Xavier Darcos, Le Monde.fr, 18.03.2009)

Et lorsque les intellectuels semblent moins s’exprimer, on leur fait reproche de leurs “salves de silence”. No fragmento de texto, a palavra leur refere-se a

Nunca se vai além da tomada do poder local (...) Quanto à população livre das camadas médias e inferiores, não atuaram sobre ela fatores capazes de lhe darem coesão social e possibilidades de uma eficiente atuação política (...) formavam antes um aglomerado de indivíduos (...). Para compreendermos a ineficiência política das camadas inferiores da população brasileira, devemos nos lembrar que (...) nossa organização social, assente numa larga base escravista, não comportava uma estrutura política democrática e popular.

(Caio Prado Jr., Evolução política do Brasil e outros estudos)

A partir das ideias do autor, é possível afirmar que, nas rebeliões regenciais,

The Revivals of the fittest

Jeremy McCarter

One compensation of New York City life is that even the unpleasant parts come wrapped in legend. Your commute to Brooklyn might be a drag, but hey, Walt Whitman did it before you, and immortalized it in a poem. For generations, no art form has done more to make the city a place of fables than the Broadway musical. From Rodgers and Hart's “Manhattan” in 1925 to “Christopher Street” in “Wonderful Town” to “Another Hundred People” in “Company”, songwriters haven't just reflected their madcap city – they've helped to define it.

Now, just when New Yorkers are in the midst of a spiritual flogging – upstaged by Obama's Washington, humbled by Wall Street's collapse, perplexed by real estate prices that are almost reasonable – the two greatest New York musicals have returned. If staged well, “West Side Story”, with its native-born and Puerto Rican gang warfare, distills the violence, frustrated dreams and tragic undertow of this immigrant town. And “Guys and Dolls”, with its hustlers and zealous (though badly outnumbered) religious believers, captures the ingenuity of New York's street poetry, the hard-edged sense of humor that is constantly demanded of people forced to navigate these sidewalks every day. Both of the revivals take liberties with the material, in hopes of speaking more directly to our vexed moment. Each tells a very different story about the way we live in the nation's artistic capital now.

The chief novelty of the revival of “West Side Story” directed by Arthur Laurents, the show's 91-year old librettist, is that considerable chuncks of the sad tale of Tony and Maria are now spoken and sung in Spanish. When this happens the first time, in a scene between Maria (Josefina Scaglione) and Anita (Karen Olivo, who just became a great big star), your eyes flick instinctively to the proscenium arch for a translation to appear. It doesn't. This prompts two thoughts in quick succession: (1) Hey, you have to know Spanish to understand what they're saying. (2) Wait – why don't I know Spanish?

(Newsweek, March 30, 2009)

Nos últimos anos, o declínio mundial no número de polinizadores gerou grandes manchetes na agricultura. O colapso das populações de abelhas, que ainda não foi compreendido de maneira completa, atraiu mais atenção, mas existiam, também, de maneira mais ampla, indícios de declínio entre os demais polinizadores.

(www.noticias.terra.com.br/ciencia. 23.10.2008. Acessado em 07.03.2009)

Essa notícia, de fato, deve gerar preocupação na agricultura?