Em ocasiões de concentração popular, frequentemente lemos ou escutamos informações desencontradas a respeito do número de participantes. Exemplo disso foram as informações divulgadas sobre a quantidade de manifestantes em um dos protestos na capital paulista, em junho passado. Enquanto a Polícia Militar apontava a participação de 30 mil pessoas, o Datafolha afirmava que havia, ao menos, 65 mil.

Tomando como base a foto, admita que:

(1) a extensão da rua plana e linear tomada pela população seja de 500 metros;

(2) o gráfico forneça o número médio de pessoas por metro quadrado nas diferentes sessões transversais da rua;

(3) a distribuição de pessoas por m² em cada sessão transversal da rua tenha sido uniforme em toda a extensão da manifestação.

Nessas condições, o número estimado de pessoas na foto seria de

A extração de madeira, especialmente do pau-brasil, os ciclos do açúcar e café e o desmatamento para instalação de indústrias são eventos de nossa história que contribuíram para a degradação desse bioma.

(www.eco.ib.usp.br)

O texto refere-se ao bioma

How can consumers find out if a corporation is “greenwashing” environmentally unsavory practices?

June 29, 2013

Another involves what Greenpeace calls “ad bluster”: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems – or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws.

In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as “the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment.”

One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. “Corporations are falling all over themselves,” reports the group, “to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives.”

Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable.

Another involves what Greenpeace calls “ad bluster”: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems – or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws.

Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: “For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary.”

For consumers, the best way to avoid getting “greenwashed” is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or ask employees about the real information on their company’s environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal government’s organic standard. Just because a label says “made with organic ingredients” or “all-natural” does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype.

(www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.)

No trecho do quarto parágrafo – Another involves what Greenpeace calls “ad bluster” –, a palavra another refere-se a

A alma das cousas somos nós...

Dentro do eterno giro universal

Das cousas, tudo vai e volta à alma da gente,

Mas, se nesse vaivém tudo parece igual

Nada mais, na verdade,

Nunca mais se repete exatamente...

Sim, as cousas são sempre as mesmas na corrente

Que no-las leva e traz, num círculo fatal;

O que varia é o espírito que as sente

Que é imperceptivelmente desigual,

Que sempre as vive diferentemente,

E, assim, a vida é sempre inédita, afinal...

Estado de alma em fuga pelas horas,

Tons esquivos e trêmulos, nuanças

Suscetíveis, sutis, que fogem no Íris

Da sensibilidade furta-cor...

E a nossa alma é a expressão fugitiva das cousas

E a vida somos nós, que sempre somos outros!...

Homem inquieto e vão que não repousas!

Para e escuta:

Se as cousas têm espírito, nós somos

Esse espírito efêmero das cousas,

Volúvel e diverso,

Variando, instante a instante, intimamente,

E eternamente,

Dentro da indiferença do Universo!...

(Luz mediterrânea, 1965.)

Considerando o eixo temático do poema e o modo como é desenvolvido, verifica-se que nele se faz uma reflexão de fundo