Um professor encontra essa notícia, publicada imediatamente após uma tempestade haver devastado a cidade de São Paulo. Suponha que esse professor considere pertinente trabalhar a notícia com sua turma do 1º ano do Ensino Médio que vem desenvolvendo um projeto interdisciplinar intitulado “Mudanças climáticas: efeitos sentidos no Brasil”. Consciente de que o reconhecimento do contexto de produção favorece o processo de compreensão do tema tratado, o professor propõe, como primeira atividade de sua aula de leitura,

Em uma sala de nono ano com 40 estudantes, o professor está revisando as preposições de tempo in, on, at, um dos temas da prova bimestral. Coloca na lousa cinco frases com lacunas, que devem ser preenchidas com a preposição adequada. Veja a seguir um quadro com as frases dadas pelo professor, e o número de estudantes que escolheu cada opção de resposta:

I. Few people knew how to read and write ............the Middle Ages.	In – 22 estudantes On – 13 estudantes At – 05 estudantes
II. Are you two getting married............ the winter? So cold!!	In – 6 estudantes On – 32 estudantes At – 2 estudantes
III. Would you like to go to the movies with me ........Friday night?	In – 0 estudantes On – 13 estudantes At – 27 estudantes
IV. For my family, getting together .......... Christmas is the best thing ever!	In – 12 estudantes On – 13 estudantes At – 15 estudantes
V. Our parents are meeting us for lunch ........Sunday.	In – 26 estudantes On – 06 estudantes At – 08 estudantes

Das intervenções a seguir, que procuram apontar os desvios na execução da tarefa, está correta aquela em que o professor esclarece

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Usage and use

The distinction between language use and language usage was first made by Widdowson. He coined the term usage for language which conformed to pre-established paradigms of language. Usage is independent of context, and is related to language correctness.

In contrast, use has to do with the speaker’s intention in producing a particular sentence. For example, the sentence “I don’t know what you mean”, said in a particular context, may imply a request for clarification; the same sentence, said in a different way and in a different context, may be an expression of disbelief.

Most sentences in textbooks and in grammar practices are well-formed sentences. However, can you think of a real-life situation in which a sentence such as “This is my hand” is pronounced?

LEWIS, Michael. The lexical approach. Heinle Cengage, 2010. Adaptado.

Em muitos contextos da escola brasileira permanece forte a herança da tradição estruturalista, focada em usage. Pense em um professor brasileiro formado dentro de tal tradição que, percebendo seus limites para desenvolver a capacidade de o estudante interagir no mundo por meio da língua inglesa, começa a preparar suas aulas sob a ótica de uma abordagem centrada em use. Esse professor, ao final de uma atividade em classe, perguntar-se-ia em primeiro lugar se, em sua aula,

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Transfer is a general term referring to the application of prior skills or knowledge to subsequent learning. While positive transfer benefits the learning task, “negative transfer” or “interference” disrupts learning. In language learning, the learner’s mother tongue is an obvious set of previous experiences, and a most common source of interference errors. Observe os pares de frases que seguem. A versão em português foi fornecida pela professora. A tradução foi feita por um dos estudantes. Nas traduções, observa-se a interferência do português.

I. Aconteceu um milagre com o velho casal que finalmente reencontrou seu filho! Happened a miracle with the old couple who finally met their son again!
II. Ele realmente não compreendeu nada do que eu lhe contei.
He really did not understand nothing of what I told him.
III. As informações sobre novos temporais são todas muito preocupantes.
The informations about new storms are all very disturbing.
IV. A menina ficou extremamente feliz com seu novo corte de cabelo!
The girl stayed extremely happy with her new haircut!
V. A mãe comemorou o novo emprego com seu marido e filhos.
The mother celebrated the new job with your husband and friends.

Enquanto corrige a tarefa, a professora escreve um breve comentário ao lado de cada frase traduzida. Assinale a alternativa que contém uma observação correta sobre a tradução realizada pelo estudante.

In order to decide on the objectives for the unit on the blog “Science News for Students”, the teacher resorts to the following chart on learning strategies.

Learning Strategies

STRATEGY	DEFINITION
Set goals	Develop personal objectives for a task
Self-assessment	Judge how well you are doing/did on the task
Plan how to study	Arrange for conditions that help you learn
Ask if it Makes Sense	Check understanding and production to keep track of progress and identify problems
Selectively Attend/ scanning	Identification of specific information
Transfer	Use previously acquired linguistic knowledge
Personalize/ contextualize	Relate information to personal experiences
Inference	Make guesses based on previous knowledge/ use context clues
Ask Questions to Clarify	Ask for verification. Pose questions to self

CHAMOT, Anna et al. The learning strategies handbook: creating independent learners. New York: Longman, 1999. Adaptado.

Apart from teaching reading in English, the teacher is also highly concerned with developing their students’ autonomy as learners. Considering that the option for the blog Science News for Students resulted from negotiation between the group and not necessarily from individual interests, the teacher will help promote their students’ autonomy if, for the work with the blog, proposes that they

An English teacher asks their group of 16-year-old students to read the internet post “Top 10 Educational Blogs for Teens” and decide on one of the blogs to follow during the semester. After going through the material, the group chooses blog #6 Science News for Students, which is introduced as follows:

#6 Science News for Students

Created by the Society for Science, this blog is dedicated to promoting a love for science in teenagers by presenting complex topics in a clear and understandable manner. It covers a wide range of scientific subjects, from biology and chemistry to astronomy and environmental science.
What is so special about Science News for Students is its well-written, easy-to-understand content that not only informs but also inspires. It gives young learners the opportunity to stay updated on the latest scientific advancements, encouraging their curiosity and critical thinking.

https://www.nshss.org/resources/blog/blog-posts/top-10-educationalblogs-for-teens. Acesso em 22.04.2025. Adaptado.

The purpose of the teacher to have the students read the whole post and then choose one particular blog to follow is that they develop a more fluent reading in English. The instruction provided – “Quickly go through the blogs in the post to have a general idea of their content and then decide which one you would like to follow” – focuses on the development of the reading ability named.

Complete the sentences and choose the correct alternative.

Where is Susan? She is _____ holiday.
I arrived ____ the Hotel after midnight.

Complete the sentences. Use OUT or AWAY or BACK or AROUND or OVER.

Wait a minute. Don’t go _____. I want to ask you something.
I am going _____ now to do some shopping.
Marcie heard a noise behind her, so she looked _______ to see what it was.
When you have read this page, turn _____ and read the other side.
Choose the correct alternative:

Read the sentences below and choose the option which is grammatically correct:

The behaviorism theory is studied for decades and it states that the behavior is modeled by the human being environment through conditioning. Its landmark work was published in 1913 entitled “Psychology as the Behaviorist views it. This paper was written by: