Magna Concursos

Foram encontradas 45.123 questões.

2986666 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: Consulplan
Orgão: Pref. Nova Friburgo-RJ
Provas:
In order to make students aware of some specific linguistic and grammar aspects, and increase lexical knowledge, a teacher presented them two groups of words to be examined and discussed.

Group 1: coal – festival – meal – litoral – petal – seal – vial – goal
Group 2: arrival – denial – refusal – burial – betrayal – approval – survival – referral

The teacher’s word choice had a didactic intention as he/she planned to ask questions aiming at guiding students’ observations and insights. Choose the item displaying the criterion that justifiesthe teacher’s word choice in both groups.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2986665 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: Consulplan
Orgão: Pref. Nova Friburgo-RJ
Provas:

Read the text carefully to answer question.


It is the chosen shared language spoken between individuals with different first languages, sometimes referred to as “common languages” or “link languages”, usually pre-existing languages with a colonial history, which are learned by non-native speakers as a foreign language and then used as a way to communicate with other non-native speakers. It is typically considered a functional language used as a tool for communication, meaning it is usually independent of linguistic history and culture. For the past 20 or so years, linguists have been examining the norms and features of this language, and although there is much variety in communication, some shared characteristics, particularly in terms of word choice, grammar, and pronunciation, often appear.

(Avalaible on: https://www.studysmarter)



The above explanation matches:

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2986664 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: Consulplan
Orgão: Pref. Nova Friburgo-RJ
Provas:

Read the text to answer question.


Enunciado 2986664-1


There are three classes of e-bikes:

Class I – assistance when you pedal which stops when you reach 20 mph.

Class II – equipped with a throttle for a boost without pedaling, which stops assisting at 20 mph. Class I and Class II e-bikes can go anywhere you’d take a traditional bike, specifically, a flat surface like a bike path.

Class III – equipped with a speedometer and assists up to 28 mph. They are a popular choice for commuters.

There are also a few common e-bike styles, any of which may be within those three classes. Common styles include:

• Cruiser.

• Commuter.

• Mountain.

• Road.

Cruisers are great for a casual cruise around town. Commuter e-bikes are made with narrow tires and an upright design so you can comfortably get to work fast. Mountain e-bikes are for off-road adventurers. Road bikes are similar to cruisers and intended for pleasure riding on paved surfaces, but they have narrow tires and drop handlebars for fast riding. An e-bike can be used for anything you would use a regular bike for, whether you’re riding to work or having a good time. Most of the time, we see riders purchase e-bikes for one of three reasons: commuting, exercise, or recreation. From regular exercise to sensory stimulation to that feel-good factor you get from a great bike ride, there’s a lot to love about commuting to work on your bike. Studies have shown that cyclists are the happiest commuters. Small wonder, given that riding your bike to work each day lowers your risk of cardiovascular disease and certain cancers while giving you a significant cognitive function boost. E-bikes add that little extra oomph, allowing you to manage even the worst hills without batting an eye.

(Available on: https://flyridesusa.com/pages/ebike-guide-for-beginners.)




Texts types, also known as genres or text forms, refer to categories of texts with different purposes, each having a different convention of style and structure. Being so, the purpose of the featured text is to:

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2986663 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: Consulplan
Orgão: Pref. Nova Friburgo-RJ
Provas:

Analyse the image to answer question.


Enunciado 2986663-1


(Available on: https://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=17405.)



Humor is the ability or situation seen, heard, or thought about causing amusement or even intended to criticize. The humor in the highlighted comic strip is built on the basis of:
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2986662 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: Consulplan
Orgão: Pref. Nova Friburgo-RJ
Provas:

Analyse the image to answer question.



Enunciado 2986662-1

(Available on: https://br.pinterest.com/pin/english-teacher.)



Choose the option that answers the question: “Why is the teacher outraged?”

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2986661 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: Consulplan
Orgão: Pref. Nova Friburgo-RJ
Provas:

Analyse the set of sentences to answer question.


1. The police are trying to find the convict who fled jail.

2. Fred or Wilma clean the church windows every now and then.

3. All proceeds from the concert goes to the flood victims.

4. Neither Bob nor James is very congenial and caring with elders.

5. I wish it were Friday because everyone is so exhausted already.

6. If the fumigating guys don’t come soon, the mice is wrecking all wiring.

7. The politician, along with the newsmen, is supposed to come today.

8. It is necessary that he be here on time, or he’ll lose this job.

9. I wouldn’t buy such an expensive gadget if I were you.

10. A lot of useful information is available on the Internet.



Subject-verb agreement, also “subject-verb concord,” concerns to matching subject and verb in tense, aspect, and mood (abbreviated TAM), which translates to number, person, and gender. The item that points out verb-subject agreement inconsistencies is:

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2981546 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FGV
Orgão: Câm. Deputados
Complex societies and the growth of the law
Modern societies rely upon law as the primary mechanism to control their development and manage their conflicts. Through carefully designed rights and responsibilities, institutions and procedures, law can enable humans to engage in increasingly complex social and economic activities. Therefore, law plays an important role in understanding how societies change. To explore the interplay between law and society, we need to study how both co-evolve over time. This requires a firm quantitative grasp of the changes occurring in both domains. But while quantifying societal change has been the subject of tremendous research efforts in fields such as sociology, economics, or social physics for many years, much less work has been done to quantify legal change. In fact, legal scholars have traditionally regarded the law as hardly quantifiable, and although there is no dearth of empirical legal studies, it is only recently that researchers have begun to apply data science methods to law. To date, there have been relatively few quantitative works that explicitly address legal change, and almost no scholarship exists that analyses the time-evolving outputs of the legislative and executive branches of national governments at scale. Unlocking these data sources for the interdisciplinary scientific community will be crucial for understanding how law and society interact.
Our work takes a step towards this goal. As a starting point, we hypothesise that an increasingly diverse and interconnected society might create increasingly diverse and interconnected rules. Lawmakers create, modify, and delete legal rules to achieve particular behavioural outcomes, often in an effort to respond to perceived changes in societal needs. While earlier large-scale quantitative work focused on analysing an individual snapshot of laws enacted by national parliaments, collections of snapshots offer a window into the dynamic interaction between law and society. Such collections represent complete, time-evolving populations of statutes at the national level. Hence, no sampling is needed for their analysis, and all changes we observe are direct consequences of legislative activity. This feature makes collections of nation-level statutes particularly suitable for investigating temporal dynamics.
To preserve the intended multidimensionality of legal document collections and explore how they change over time, legislative corpora should be modelled as dynamic document networks. In particular, since legal documents are carefully organised and interlinked, their structure provides a more direct window into their content and dynamics than their language: Networks honour the deliberate design decisions made by the document authors and circumvent some of the ambiguity problems that natural language-based approaches inherently face. In this paper, we therefore develop an informed data model for legislative corpora, capturing the richness of legislative data for exploration by social physics.
Adapted from Katz, D.M., Coupette, C., Beckedorf, J. et al. Complex societies and the growth of the law. Sci Rep 10, 18737 (2020). Available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-73623-x
“Hence” in “Hence, no sampling is needed for their analysis” (1st paragraph) can be replaced without change in meaning by
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2981545 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FGV
Orgão: Câm. Deputados
Complex societies and the growth of the law
Modern societies rely upon law as the primary mechanism to control their development and manage their conflicts. Through carefully designed rights and responsibilities, institutions and procedures, law can enable humans to engage in increasingly complex social and economic activities. Therefore, law plays an important role in understanding how societies change. To explore the interplay between law and society, we need to study how both co-evolve over time. This requires a firm quantitative grasp of the changes occurring in both domains. But while quantifying societal change has been the subject of tremendous research efforts in fields such as sociology, economics, or social physics for many years, much less work has been done to quantify legal change. In fact, legal scholars have traditionally regarded the law as hardly quantifiable, and although there is no dearth of empirical legal studies, it is only recently that researchers have begun to apply data science methods to law. To date, there have been relatively few quantitative works that explicitly address legal change, and almost no scholarship exists that analyses the time-evolving outputs of the legislative and executive branches of national governments at scale. Unlocking these data sources for the interdisciplinary scientific community will be crucial for understanding how law and society interact.
Our work takes a step towards this goal. As a starting point, we hypothesise that an increasingly diverse and interconnected society might create increasingly diverse and interconnected rules. Lawmakers create, modify, and delete legal rules to achieve particular behavioural outcomes, often in an effort to respond to perceived changes in societal needs. While earlier large-scale quantitative work focused on analysing an individual snapshot of laws enacted by national parliaments, collections of snapshots offer a window into the dynamic interaction between law and society. Such collections represent complete, time-evolving populations of statutes at the national level. Hence, no sampling is needed for their analysis, and all changes we observe are direct consequences of legislative activity. This feature makes collections of nation-level statutes particularly suitable for investigating temporal dynamics.
To preserve the intended multidimensionality of legal document collections and explore how they change over time, legislative corpora should be modelled as dynamic document networks. In particular, since legal documents are carefully organised and interlinked, their structure provides a more direct window into their content and dynamics than their language: Networks honour the deliberate design decisions made by the document authors and circumvent some of the ambiguity problems that natural language-based approaches inherently face. In this paper, we therefore develop an informed data model for legislative corpora, capturing the richness of legislative data for exploration by social physics.
Adapted from Katz, D.M., Coupette, C., Beckedorf, J. et al. Complex societies and the growth of the law. Sci Rep 10, 18737 (2020). Available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-73623-x
The word “corpora” is in the plural as is
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2981544 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FGV
Orgão: Câm. Deputados
Complex societies and the growth of the law
Modern societies rely upon law as the primary mechanism to control their development and manage their conflicts. Through carefully designed rights and responsibilities, institutions and procedures, law can enable humans to engage in increasingly complex social and economic activities. Therefore, law plays an important role in understanding how societies change. To explore the interplay between law and society, we need to study how both co-evolve over time. This requires a firm quantitative grasp of the changes occurring in both domains. But while quantifying societal change has been the subject of tremendous research efforts in fields such as sociology, economics, or social physics for many years, much less work has been done to quantify legal change. In fact, legal scholars have traditionally regarded the law as hardly quantifiable, and although there is no dearth of empirical legal studies, it is only recently that researchers have begun to apply data science methods to law. To date, there have been relatively few quantitative works that explicitly address legal change, and almost no scholarship exists that analyses the time-evolving outputs of the legislative and executive branches of national governments at scale. Unlocking these data sources for the interdisciplinary scientific community will be crucial for understanding how law and society interact.
Our work takes a step towards this goal. As a starting point, we hypothesise that an increasingly diverse and interconnected society might create increasingly diverse and interconnected rules. Lawmakers create, modify, and delete legal rules to achieve particular behavioural outcomes, often in an effort to respond to perceived changes in societal needs. While earlier large-scale quantitative work focused on analysing an individual snapshot of laws enacted by national parliaments, collections of snapshots offer a window into the dynamic interaction between law and society. Such collections represent complete, time-evolving populations of statutes at the national level. Hence, no sampling is needed for their analysis, and all changes we observe are direct consequences of legislative activity. This feature makes collections of nation-level statutes particularly suitable for investigating temporal dynamics.
To preserve the intended multidimensionality of legal document collections and explore how they change over time, legislative corpora should be modelled as dynamic document networks. In particular, since legal documents are carefully organised and interlinked, their structure provides a more direct window into their content and dynamics than their language: Networks honour the deliberate design decisions made by the document authors and circumvent some of the ambiguity problems that natural language-based approaches inherently face. In this paper, we therefore develop an informed data model for legislative corpora, capturing the richness of legislative data for exploration by social physics.
Adapted from Katz, D.M., Coupette, C., Beckedorf, J. et al. Complex societies and the growth of the law. Sci Rep 10, 18737 (2020). Available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-73623-x

Analyse the assertions below based on the text:

I. Lawmakers tend to be quite sensitive to social demands.

II. Natural language-based approaches are liable to ambiguity.

III. The authors state that they eschew large corpora in their study.

Choose the correct answer:

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2981543 Ano: 2023
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FGV
Orgão: Câm. Deputados
Complex societies and the growth of the law
Modern societies rely upon law as the primary mechanism to control their development and manage their conflicts. Through carefully designed rights and responsibilities, institutions and procedures, law can enable humans to engage in increasingly complex social and economic activities. Therefore, law plays an important role in understanding how societies change. To explore the interplay between law and society, we need to study how both co-evolve over time. This requires a firm quantitative grasp of the changes occurring in both domains. But while quantifying societal change has been the subject of tremendous research efforts in fields such as sociology, economics, or social physics for many years, much less work has been done to quantify legal change. In fact, legal scholars have traditionally regarded the law as hardly quantifiable, and although there is no dearth of empirical legal studies, it is only recently that researchers have begun to apply data science methods to law. To date, there have been relatively few quantitative works that explicitly address legal change, and almost no scholarship exists that analyses the time-evolving outputs of the legislative and executive branches of national governments at scale. Unlocking these data sources for the interdisciplinary scientific community will be crucial for understanding how law and society interact.
Our work takes a step towards this goal. As a starting point, we hypothesise that an increasingly diverse and interconnected society might create increasingly diverse and interconnected rules. Lawmakers create, modify, and delete legal rules to achieve particular behavioural outcomes, often in an effort to respond to perceived changes in societal needs. While earlier large-scale quantitative work focused on analysing an individual snapshot of laws enacted by national parliaments, collections of snapshots offer a window into the dynamic interaction between law and society. Such collections represent complete, time-evolving populations of statutes at the national level. Hence, no sampling is needed for their analysis, and all changes we observe are direct consequences of legislative activity. This feature makes collections of nation-level statutes particularly suitable for investigating temporal dynamics.
To preserve the intended multidimensionality of legal document collections and explore how they change over time, legislative corpora should be modelled as dynamic document networks. In particular, since legal documents are carefully organised and interlinked, their structure provides a more direct window into their content and dynamics than their language: Networks honour the deliberate design decisions made by the document authors and circumvent some of the ambiguity problems that natural language-based approaches inherently face. In this paper, we therefore develop an informed data model for legislative corpora, capturing the richness of legislative data for exploration by social physics.
Adapted from Katz, D.M., Coupette, C., Beckedorf, J. et al. Complex societies and the growth of the law. Sci Rep 10, 18737 (2020). Available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-73623-x
The word “dearth” in “there is no dearth of empirical legal studies” (1st paragraph) means
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas