The extract below is a sample from a senior-year student of Language Studies (Letras) who is presenting some material on semantics and pragmatics. She is a Brazilian Portuguese native speaker.

Conventions: S9 stands for Student 9; UNID for Unidentified student; T2 for Teacher two; […] for omitted parts; and // for overlapping.
S9: [...] (Reading a sentence from the overhead projector:)The thief tried to

conceal/hide the evidence. These two words here conceal and hide have the same sense so these two words are synonym. It’s clear?
UNID: Hmm-hmm.

S9: [...] the professor... said… that… thank you (She thanks her classmate for putting the transparency on the overhead projector) children can be son or a daughter... Here we have, we don’t, we don’t know how old is the kid so how old //T2: And kid is a little bit more informal …

(ARAÚJO-SILVA, 2006, p. 70)

Which of the following can best substitute the underline words in each sentence?

I. To the west of the castle lies a dark, forbidding forest. (In: LANDO, 2006, p. 224)

II. We finally figured out how student’s perceptions work.

III. The city has a flourishing touristic industry. (In: LANDO, 2006, p. 222)

IV. Don’t think she takes it all for granted. I’m well aware of all I have. (CAREY, Looking In. In: Daydream, 1995)

V. We strongly feel this law should be changed. (In: LANDO, 2006, p. 213)