From teaching speakers of the "same" first language and from the "same" cultural background how to communicate, from time to time (e.g., during study abroad, vacations, or business trips), with an idealized native speaker of a foreign language who fits a perceived national cultural mold to teaching speakers of a few first languages and from a few different cultural backgrounds how to integrate into-or assimilate to-the national culture of an idealized native speaker of a second language.

From teaching speakers of a few first languages and from a few different cultural backgrounds how to integrate into-or assimilate to-the national culture of an idealized native speaker of a second language to teaching speakers of the "same" first language and from the "same" cultural background how to communicate, from time to time (e.g., during study abroad, vacations, or business trips), with an idealized native speaker of a foreign language who fits a perceived national cultural mold.

From teaching multilingual speakers of a multitude of first, second, and foreign languages, who claim multiple cultural identities-with no desire to conform to only one language or identity-how to use an additional language, often as a lingua franca, in their everyday interactions with native speakers of any language and from any cultural background to teaching speakers of the "same" first language and from the "same" cultural background how to communicate, from time to time (e.g., during study abroad, vacations, or business trips), with an idealized native speaker of a foreign language who fits a perceived national cultural mold.

From teaching speakers of a few first languages and from a few different cultural backgrounds how to integrate into-or assimilate to-the national culture of an idealized native speaker of a second language to teaching multilingual speakers of a multitude of first, second, and foreign languages, who claim multiple cultural identities-with no desire to conform to only one language or identity-how to use an additional language, often as a lingua franca, in their everyday interactions with native speakers of any language and from any cultural background.