Scientists have found ways to tease even more clues out of fingerprints' telltale marks. It's one in a string of developments that gives modern forensics even better ways to solve mysteries like the anthrax attacks in the United States or the murder of a child beauty queen. For example, says chemist R. Graham Cooks of Purdue University, if a person handled cocaine, explosives or other materials, there could be enough left in a fingerprint to identify them.

Max M. Houck, director of West Virginia University's Forensic Science Initiative, says progress in forensics comes from a combination of new techniques, like those involved in the anthrax investigation, and existing techniques, like those used in the child murder case. Improvements in genetic research allowed police to trace the anthrax used in the 2001 attacks to a specific flask of spores, the FBI said this week. And while the killing of six-year-old JonBenet Ramsey attracted national fascination in 1996, it was only this year that prosecutors announced that a new series of tests pointed to an unidentified attacker, clearing family members of suspicion.

The testing technique in Ramsey's case was not new, Houck said. But prosecutors learned it could be relevant to their case in a 2007 West Virginia University course.

In the new fingerprint analysis method, police technicians armed with miniaturized mass spectrometers can spray a solvent on a fingerprint and detect compounds at concentrations as fine as five parts per million in droplets that scatter off the print, Cooks explained in a telephone interview. Five parts per million is equivalent to 142 grams of chemical in 29 tonnes of material.

The testing method, discussed in Friday's edition of the journal Science, could be available in a year or two, Cooks said. He explained that materials such as cocaine and military explosives tend to be hard to get off the fingers. If someone who has handled them later handles something hard like a file or plastic binder, that will transfer the chemicals, he said. The chemicals are located at the points of the fingerprint's ridges, so what is then on the hard surface is the fingerprint in chemical. So police can not only identify the person from the print, but also connect the person and the drug or chemical, he said.


Based on the text above, judge the following item.

Either new techniques or the existing ones are supposed to be used to help progress in forensics.

Scientists have found ways to tease even more clues out of fingerprints' telltale marks. It's one in a string of developments that gives modern forensics even better ways to solve mysteries like the anthrax attacks in the United States or the murder of a child beauty queen. For example, says chemist R. Graham Cooks of Purdue University, if a person handled cocaine, explosives or other materials, there could be enough left in a fingerprint to identify them.

Max M. Houck, director of West Virginia University's Forensic Science Initiative, says progress in forensics comes from a combination of new techniques, like those involved in the anthrax investigation, and existing techniques, like those used in the child murder case. Improvements in genetic research allowed police to trace the anthrax used in the 2001 attacks to a specific flask of spores, the FBI said this week. And while the killing of six-year-old JonBenet Ramsey attracted national fascination in 1996, it was only this year that prosecutors announced that a new series of tests pointed to an unidentified attacker, clearing family members of suspicion.

The testing technique in Ramsey's case was not new, Houck said. But prosecutors learned it could be relevant to their case in a 2007 West Virginia University course.

In the new fingerprint analysis method, police technicians armed with miniaturized mass spectrometers can spray a solvent on a fingerprint and detect compounds at concentrations as fine as five parts per million in droplets that scatter off the print, Cooks explained in a telephone interview. Five parts per million is equivalent to 142 grams of chemical in 29 tonnes of material.

The testing method, discussed in Friday's edition of the journal Science, could be available in a year or two, Cooks said. He explained that materials such as cocaine and military explosives tend to be hard to get off the fingers. If someone who has handled them later handles something hard like a file or plastic binder, that will transfer the chemicals, he said. The chemicals are located at the points of the fingerprint's ridges, so what is then on the hard surface is the fingerprint in chemical. So police can not only identify the person from the print, but also connect the person and the drug or chemical, he said.


Based on the text above, judge the following item.

A person can easily be identified if she/he has ever used cocaine, explosive or other materials.

Scientists have found ways to tease even more clues out of fingerprints' telltale marks. It's one in a string of developments that gives modern forensics even better ways to solve mysteries like the anthrax attacks in the United States or the murder of a child beauty queen. For example, says chemist R. Graham Cooks of Purdue University, if a person handled cocaine, explosives or other materials, there could be enough left in a fingerprint to identify them.

Max M. Houck, director of West Virginia University's Forensic Science Initiative, says progress in forensics comes from a combination of new techniques, like those involved in the anthrax investigation, and existing techniques, like those used in the child murder case. Improvements in genetic research allowed police to trace the anthrax used in the 2001 attacks to a specific flask of spores, the FBI said this week. And while the killing of six-year-old JonBenet Ramsey attracted national fascination in 1996, it was only this year that prosecutors announced that a new series of tests pointed to an unidentified attacker, clearing family members of suspicion.

The testing technique in Ramsey's case was not new, Houck said. But prosecutors learned it could be relevant to their case in a 2007 West Virginia University course.

In the new fingerprint analysis method, police technicians armed with miniaturized mass spectrometers can spray a solvent on a fingerprint and detect compounds at concentrations as fine as five parts per million in droplets that scatter off the print, Cooks explained in a telephone interview. Five parts per million is equivalent to 142 grams of chemical in 29 tonnes of material.

The testing method, discussed in Friday's edition of the journal Science, could be available in a year or two, Cooks said. He explained that materials such as cocaine and military explosives tend to be hard to get off the fingers. If someone who has handled them later handles something hard like a file or plastic binder, that will transfer the chemicals, he said. The chemicals are located at the points of the fingerprint's ridges, so what is then on the hard surface is the fingerprint in chemical. So police can not only identify the person from the print, but also connect the person and the drug or chemical, he said.


Based on the text above, judge the following item.

Scientists have now achieved another breakthrough as far as fingerprints are concerned.

Top U.S. law enforcement officials on Monday described drug cartels that are increasingly mobile, tech savvy, diverse and transnational, factors that are challenging efforts to curb border violence fueled by big profits.

Modern organized crime organizations are "borderless", said FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III, who added that the FBI is "deeply concerned about high levels of drug trafficking, human smuggling and gang activity", as well as with the surge in violent crimes linked to the drug trade such as homicides, kidnappings and extortion.

Mueller was among the featured speakers at the two-day Border Security Conference at the University of Texas at El Paso, which continues Tuesday.

U.S. Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, the conference host, said this year's themes are border protection and effective commerce.

Mueller said much of the increased violence in Juárez that has claimed hundreds of lives this year is related to two groups fighting over the corridor drug dealers use to introduce cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines into the U.S.

The main factions vying for control of the Juárez-El Paso corridor are led by Carrillo Fuentes and Joaquin Chapo Guzman Loera.

U.S. law enforcement officials have detected Mexican drug cartels in nearly 200 U.S. cities and practically every state.
According to a United Nations report released last year, the Juárez cartel has a presence in more than 35 countries.


In relation to the text above, it can be said that

"featured" means included among people as an important figure.

Top U.S. law enforcement officials on Monday described drug cartels that are increasingly mobile, tech savvy, diverse and transnational, factors that are challenging efforts to curb border violence fueled by big profits.

Modern organized crime organizations are "borderless", said FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III, who added that the FBI is "deeply concerned about high levels of drug trafficking, human smuggling and gang activity", as well as with the surge in violent crimes linked to the drug trade such as homicides, kidnappings and extortion.

Mueller was among the featured speakers at the two-day Border Security Conference at the University of Texas at El Paso, which continues Tuesday.

U.S. Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, the conference host, said this year's themes are border protection and effective commerce.

Mueller said much of the increased violence in Juárez that has claimed hundreds of lives this year is related to two groups fighting over the corridor drug dealers use to introduce cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines into the U.S.

The main factions vying for control of the Juárez-El Paso corridor are led by Carrillo Fuentes and Joaquin Chapo Guzman Loera.

U.S. law enforcement officials have detected Mexican drug cartels in nearly 200 U.S. cities and practically every state.
According to a United Nations report released last year, the Juárez cartel has a presence in more than 35 countries.


In relation to the text above, it can be said that

U.S. law enforcement officials have found out about 200 U.S. cities spread all over the American states.

Top U.S. law enforcement officials on Monday described drug cartels that are increasingly mobile, tech savvy, diverse and transnational, factors that are challenging efforts to curb border violence fueled by big profits.

Modern organized crime organizations are "borderless", said FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III, who added that the FBI is "deeply concerned about high levels of drug trafficking, human smuggling and gang activity", as well as with the surge in violent crimes linked to the drug trade such as homicides, kidnappings and extortion.

Mueller was among the featured speakers at the two-day Border Security Conference at the University of Texas at El Paso, which continues Tuesday.

U.S. Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, the conference host, said this year's themes are border protection and effective commerce.

Mueller said much of the increased violence in Juárez that has claimed hundreds of lives this year is related to two groups fighting over the corridor drug dealers use to introduce cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines into the U.S.

The main factions vying for control of the Juárez-El Paso corridor are led by Carrillo Fuentes and Joaquin Chapo Guzman Loera.

U.S. law enforcement officials have detected Mexican drug cartels in nearly 200 U.S. cities and practically every state.
According to a United Nations report released last year, the Juárez cartel has a presence in more than 35 countries.


In relation to the text above, it can be said that

Fuentes and Chapo are both trying to control Juarez-El Paso corridor.

Top U.S. law enforcement officials on Monday described drug cartels that are increasingly mobile, tech savvy, diverse and transnational, factors that are challenging efforts to curb border violence fueled by big profits.

Modern organized crime organizations are "borderless", said FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III, who added that the FBI is "deeply concerned about high levels of drug trafficking, human smuggling and gang activity", as well as with the surge in violent crimes linked to the drug trade such as homicides, kidnappings and extortion.

Mueller was among the featured speakers at the two-day Border Security Conference at the University of Texas at El Paso, which continues Tuesday.

U.S. Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, the conference host, said this year's themes are border protection and effective commerce.

Mueller said much of the increased violence in Juárez that has claimed hundreds of lives this year is related to two groups fighting over the corridor drug dealers use to introduce cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines into the U.S.

The main factions vying for control of the Juárez-El Paso corridor are led by Carrillo Fuentes and Joaquin Chapo Guzman Loera.

U.S. law enforcement officials have detected Mexican drug cartels in nearly 200 U.S. cities and practically every state.
According to a United Nations report released last year, the Juárez cartel has a presence in more than 35 countries.


In relation to the text above, it can be said that

drug trade cartels get together to better control the effective commerce of four illegal addictive narcotic substances.

Top U.S. law enforcement officials on Monday described drug cartels that are increasingly mobile, tech savvy, diverse and transnational, factors that are challenging efforts to curb border violence fueled by big profits.

Modern organized crime organizations are "borderless", said FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III, who added that the FBI is "deeply concerned about high levels of drug trafficking, human smuggling and gang activity", as well as with the surge in violent crimes linked to the drug trade such as homicides, kidnappings and extortion.

Mueller was among the featured speakers at the two-day Border Security Conference at the University of Texas at El Paso, which continues Tuesday.

U.S. Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, the conference host, said this year's themes are border protection and effective commerce.

Mueller said much of the increased violence in Juárez that has claimed hundreds of lives this year is related to two groups fighting over the corridor drug dealers use to introduce cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines into the U.S.

The main factions vying for control of the Juárez-El Paso corridor are led by Carrillo Fuentes and Joaquin Chapo Guzman Loera.

U.S. law enforcement officials have detected Mexican drug cartels in nearly 200 U.S. cities and practically every state.
According to a United Nations report released last year, the Juárez cartel has a presence in more than 35 countries.


In relation to the text above, it can be said that

murderers, abduction and extortion can be mentioned as illicit actions associated with drug trade.

Top U.S. law enforcement officials on Monday described drug cartels that are increasingly mobile, tech savvy, diverse and transnational, factors that are challenging efforts to curb border violence fueled by big profits.

Modern organized crime organizations are "borderless", said FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III, who added that the FBI is "deeply concerned about high levels of drug trafficking, human smuggling and gang activity", as well as with the surge in violent crimes linked to the drug trade such as homicides, kidnappings and extortion.

Mueller was among the featured speakers at the two-day Border Security Conference at the University of Texas at El Paso, which continues Tuesday.

U.S. Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, the conference host, said this year's themes are border protection and effective commerce.

Mueller said much of the increased violence in Juárez that has claimed hundreds of lives this year is related to two groups fighting over the corridor drug dealers use to introduce cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines into the U.S.

The main factions vying for control of the Juárez-El Paso corridor are led by Carrillo Fuentes and Joaquin Chapo Guzman Loera.

U.S. law enforcement officials have detected Mexican drug cartels in nearly 200 U.S. cities and practically every state.
According to a United Nations report released last year, the Juárez cartel has a presence in more than 35 countries.


In relation to the text above, it can be said that

human smuggling and gang activity are considered nonprofitable commerce.

Top U.S. law enforcement officials on Monday described drug cartels that are increasingly mobile, tech savvy, diverse and transnational, factors that are challenging efforts to curb border violence fueled by big profits.

Modern organized crime organizations are "borderless", said FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III, who added that the FBI is "deeply concerned about high levels of drug trafficking, human smuggling and gang activity", as well as with the surge in violent crimes linked to the drug trade such as homicides, kidnappings and extortion.

Mueller was among the featured speakers at the two-day Border Security Conference at the University of Texas at El Paso, which continues Tuesday.

U.S. Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-Texas, the conference host, said this year's themes are border protection and effective commerce.

Mueller said much of the increased violence in Juárez that has claimed hundreds of lives this year is related to two groups fighting over the corridor drug dealers use to introduce cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamines into the U.S.

The main factions vying for control of the Juárez-El Paso corridor are led by Carrillo Fuentes and Joaquin Chapo Guzman Loera.

U.S. law enforcement officials have detected Mexican drug cartels in nearly 200 U.S. cities and practically every state.
According to a United Nations report released last year, the Juárez cartel has a presence in more than 35 countries.


In relation to the text above, it can be said that

transnational organizations have brought about a sudden increase in fierce deeds.