O código genético é um código universal que estabelece a equivalência entre a sequência de bases no DNA e a sequência correspondente de aminoácidos, na proteína.
Com relação à natureza química do DNA e sua relação com o código genético, analise as afirmativas a seguir:

I. A molécula de DNA está presente em todos os seres vivos, até mesmo em muitos tipos de vírus. Em todos, a molécula tem a mesma composição: ela é formada pela união de nucleotídeos, compostos de um fosfato, uma pentose e uma base nitrogenada, que pode ser adenina (A), timina (T), citosina (C) ou guanina (G).

II. As inúmeras moléculas de DNA existentes nos mais diferentes seres vivos apresentam diferentes combinações – elas diferem em número de bases e na sequência em que elas estão dispostas.

III. Toda alteração na sequência de bases nitrogenadas em uma molécula de DNA é uma mutação, o que determina o surgimento de uma nova característica no organismo.

Essa é a condição fundamental para a diversificação das espécies.
Está correto o que se afirma em

Read Text II and answer the question that follows it.

Text II

Diversity, Inclusion and Gender Equity in the Forest Management and Fire Prevention Program in Brazil

Women make up more than half of Brazil’s population and account for 47 million (~50%) of the labor market. Despite these numbers, women are still underrepresented in many sectors: they occupy 37% of leadership positions in private companies; only 15% and 13%, respectively, are federal Representatives and Senators; and only 12% of cities have women as mayors. The fewer women there are in leadership positions and in politics, the lower the representation and scope of their interests and needs.

Coupled with that, men’s wages are, on average, 24% higher than women’s who hold the same position. Furthermore, Brazilian women dedicate, on average, 10.4 hours/week more than men to household chores and caring for family members (for example, children and the elderly), a type of work characterized as “domestic” and unpaid. As a result, women dedicate less time to professional improvement relative to men. The fewer women in mixed gender work teams, the less likely women are to excel in their roles and positions.

In Integrated Fire Management (IFM), women face similar challenges, whether in coordination roles or technical and operational ones. In Brazil, specifically, Solis and colleagues¹ identified that there are no regulations or guidelines that promote multiculturalism and gender equity in the processes of hiring forest fire brigades. Although gender equity in IFM is recognized, in Brazil this debate is still informal and poorly documented.

¹ Solis I, Vera J, Aguado RC, et al. Diagnóstico de Manejo do Fogo no Brasil. Brasília, Brasil, 2021. Adapted from https://pcabhub.org/en-us/resources/general-publications/gender-and-fire-usfs.pdf

When the text mentions “hiring forest fire brigades” (3^rd paragraph), it refers to the process of

Read Text II and answer the question that follows it.

Text II

Diversity, Inclusion and Gender Equity in the Forest Management and Fire Prevention Program in Brazil

Women make up more than half of Brazil’s population and account for 47 million (~50%) of the labor market. Despite these numbers, women are still underrepresented in many sectors: they occupy 37% of leadership positions in private companies; only 15% and 13%, respectively, are federal Representatives and Senators; and only 12% of cities have women as mayors. The fewer women there are in leadership positions and in politics, the lower the representation and scope of their interests and needs.

Coupled with that, men’s wages are, on average, 24% higher than women’s who hold the same position. Furthermore, Brazilian women dedicate, on average, 10.4 hours/week more than men to household chores and caring for family members (for example, children and the elderly), a type of work characterized as “domestic” and unpaid. As a result, women dedicate less time to professional improvement relative to men. The fewer women in mixed gender work teams, the less likely women are to excel in their roles and positions.

In Integrated Fire Management (IFM), women face similar challenges, whether in coordination roles or technical and operational ones. In Brazil, specifically, Solis and colleagues¹ identified that there are no regulations or guidelines that promote multiculturalism and gender equity in the processes of hiring forest fire brigades. Although gender equity in IFM is recognized, in Brazil this debate is still informal and poorly documented.

¹ Solis I, Vera J, Aguado RC, et al. Diagnóstico de Manejo do Fogo no Brasil. Brasília, Brasil, 2021. Adapted from https://pcabhub.org/en-us/resources/general-publications/gender-and-fire-usfs.pdf

The structure of the sentence “whether in coordination roles or technical and operational ones” (3^rd paragraph) signals a(n):

Read Text II and answer the question that follows it.

Text II

Diversity, Inclusion and Gender Equity in the Forest Management and Fire Prevention Program in Brazil

Women make up more than half of Brazil’s population and account for 47 million (~50%) of the labor market. Despite these numbers, women are still underrepresented in many sectors: they occupy 37% of leadership positions in private companies; only 15% and 13%, respectively, are federal Representatives and Senators; and only 12% of cities have women as mayors. The fewer women there are in leadership positions and in politics, the lower the representation and scope of their interests and needs.

Coupled with that, men’s wages are, on average, 24% higher than women’s who hold the same position. Furthermore, Brazilian women dedicate, on average, 10.4 hours/week more than men to household chores and caring for family members (for example, children and the elderly), a type of work characterized as “domestic” and unpaid. As a result, women dedicate less time to professional improvement relative to men. The fewer women in mixed gender work teams, the less likely women are to excel in their roles and positions.

In Integrated Fire Management (IFM), women face similar challenges, whether in coordination roles or technical and operational ones. In Brazil, specifically, Solis and colleagues¹ identified that there are no regulations or guidelines that promote multiculturalism and gender equity in the processes of hiring forest fire brigades. Although gender equity in IFM is recognized, in Brazil this debate is still informal and poorly documented.

¹ Solis I, Vera J, Aguado RC, et al. Diagnóstico de Manejo do Fogo no Brasil. Brasília, Brasil, 2021. Adapted from https://pcabhub.org/en-us/resources/general-publications/gender-and-fire-usfs.pdf

“Furthermore” in “Furthermore, Brazilian women dedicate, on average, 10.4 hours/week” (2^nd paragraph) can be replaced without significant change in meaning by

Read Text II and answer the question that follows it.

Text II

Diversity, Inclusion and Gender Equity in the Forest Management and Fire Prevention Program in Brazil

Women make up more than half of Brazil’s population and account for 47 million (~50%) of the labor market. Despite these numbers, women are still underrepresented in many sectors: they occupy 37% of leadership positions in private companies; only 15% and 13%, respectively, are federal Representatives and Senators; and only 12% of cities have women as mayors. The fewer women there are in leadership positions and in politics, the lower the representation and scope of their interests and needs.

Coupled with that, men’s wages are, on average, 24% higher than women’s who hold the same position. Furthermore, Brazilian women dedicate, on average, 10.4 hours/week more than men to household chores and caring for family members (for example, children and the elderly), a type of work characterized as “domestic” and unpaid. As a result, women dedicate less time to professional improvement relative to men. The fewer women in mixed gender work teams, the less likely women are to excel in their roles and positions.

In Integrated Fire Management (IFM), women face similar challenges, whether in coordination roles or technical and operational ones. In Brazil, specifically, Solis and colleagues¹ identified that there are no regulations or guidelines that promote multiculturalism and gender equity in the processes of hiring forest fire brigades. Although gender equity in IFM is recognized, in Brazil this debate is still informal and poorly documented.

¹ Solis I, Vera J, Aguado RC, et al. Diagnóstico de Manejo do Fogo no Brasil. Brasília, Brasil, 2021. Adapted from https://pcabhub.org/en-us/resources/general-publications/gender-and-fire-usfs.pdf

The percentage in “24% higher than women’s” (2^nd paragraph) refers to women’s

Read Text II and answer the question that follows it.

Text II

Diversity, Inclusion and Gender Equity in the Forest Management and Fire Prevention Program in Brazil

Women make up more than half of Brazil’s population and account for 47 million (~50%) of the labor market. Despite these numbers, women are still underrepresented in many sectors: they occupy 37% of leadership positions in private companies; only 15% and 13%, respectively, are federal Representatives and Senators; and only 12% of cities have women as mayors. The fewer women there are in leadership positions and in politics, the lower the representation and scope of their interests and needs.

Coupled with that, men’s wages are, on average, 24% higher than women’s who hold the same position. Furthermore, Brazilian women dedicate, on average, 10.4 hours/week more than men to household chores and caring for family members (for example, children and the elderly), a type of work characterized as “domestic” and unpaid. As a result, women dedicate less time to professional improvement relative to men. The fewer women in mixed gender work teams, the less likely women are to excel in their roles and positions.

In Integrated Fire Management (IFM), women face similar challenges, whether in coordination roles or technical and operational ones. In Brazil, specifically, Solis and colleagues¹ identified that there are no regulations or guidelines that promote multiculturalism and gender equity in the processes of hiring forest fire brigades. Although gender equity in IFM is recognized, in Brazil this debate is still informal and poorly documented.

¹ Solis I, Vera J, Aguado RC, et al. Diagnóstico de Manejo do Fogo no Brasil. Brasília, Brasil, 2021. Adapted from https://pcabhub.org/en-us/resources/general-publications/gender-and-fire-usfs.pdf

Analyse the assertions below based on Text II:

I. Most political positions in Brazil are today taken up by women.

II. Housework is one of the factors that may prevent women from getting better qualification.

III. Brazil has contributed with extensive evidence for the debate on gender equity in fire management.

Choose the correct answer:

Read Text I and answer the question that follows it.

Text I

Impact of Climate Change on Firefighting

Extends Beyond Wildfires

Global warming is often mentioned as a factor in the accelerating frequency and intensity of wildfires. However, there are other consequences of global warming that impact the fire service, including new hazards and medical emergencies, emerging training challenges, population migration, and technology developments.

Climate change is often discussed as a future event. However, the impact of wildfires is just the most obvious example of how climate change is already impacting the world, and fire and emergency personnel will be called on to mitigate the effects.

The most obvious and extreme impact of global warming can be seen in the increase of frequency and intensity of wildfires. Hotter and drier weather is extending the wildfire season (maybe to become year-round?). Higher temperatures, low humidity, less rainfall, and high wind increase the likelihood of wildfires.

Adapted from: https://www.thebigredguide.com/insights/impact-climate-change-firefighting-extends-wildfires-editor-s dispatch.1645685564.html

To “increase the likelihood” (3^rd paragraph) means to raise the

Read Text I and answer the question that follows it.

Text I

Impact of Climate Change on Firefighting

Extends Beyond Wildfires

Global warming is often mentioned as a factor in the accelerating frequency and intensity of wildfires. However, there are other consequences of global warming that impact the fire service, including new hazards and medical emergencies, emerging training challenges, population migration, and technology developments.

Climate change is often discussed as a future event. However, the impact of wildfires is just the most obvious example of how climate change is already impacting the world, and fire and emergency personnel will be called on to mitigate the effects.

The most obvious and extreme impact of global warming can be seen in the increase of frequency and intensity of wildfires. Hotter and drier weather is extending the wildfire season (maybe to become year-round?). Higher temperatures, low humidity, less rainfall, and high wind increase the likelihood of wildfires.

Adapted from: https://www.thebigredguide.com/insights/impact-climate-change-firefighting-extends-wildfires-editor-s dispatch.1645685564.html

“Maybe” in “(maybe to become year-round?)” (3^rd paragraph) is similar in meaning to

Read Text I and answer the question that follows it.

Text I

Impact of Climate Change on Firefighting

Extends Beyond Wildfires

Global warming is often mentioned as a factor in the accelerating frequency and intensity of wildfires. However, there are other consequences of global warming that impact the fire service, including new hazards and medical emergencies, emerging training challenges, population migration, and technology developments.

Climate change is often discussed as a future event. However, the impact of wildfires is just the most obvious example of how climate change is already impacting the world, and fire and emergency personnel will be called on to mitigate the effects.

The most obvious and extreme impact of global warming can be seen in the increase of frequency and intensity of wildfires. Hotter and drier weather is extending the wildfire season (maybe to become year-round?). Higher temperatures, low humidity, less rainfall, and high wind increase the likelihood of wildfires.

Adapted from: https://www.thebigredguide.com/insights/impact-climate-change-firefighting-extends-wildfires-editor-s dispatch.1645685564.html

The opposite of “often” in “Climate change is often discussed” (2^nd paragraph) is

Read Text I and answer the question that follows it.

Text I

Impact of Climate Change on Firefighting

Extends Beyond Wildfires

Global warming is often mentioned as a factor in the accelerating frequency and intensity of wildfires. However, there are other consequences of global warming that impact the fire service, including new hazards and medical emergencies, emerging training challenges, population migration, and technology developments.

Climate change is often discussed as a future event. However, the impact of wildfires is just the most obvious example of how climate change is already impacting the world, and fire and emergency personnel will be called on to mitigate the effects.

The most obvious and extreme impact of global warming can be seen in the increase of frequency and intensity of wildfires. Hotter and drier weather is extending the wildfire season (maybe to become year-round?). Higher temperatures, low humidity, less rainfall, and high wind increase the likelihood of wildfires.

Adapted from: https://www.thebigredguide.com/insights/impact-climate-change-firefighting-extends-wildfires-editor-s dispatch.1645685564.html

The function of the word “However” in “However, there are other consequences” (1^st paragraph) is to introduce a