Read text VII to answer questions 37 to 40.

TEXT VII

“"Divergent is a dark and thrilling series of young adult science fiction books by American novelist Veronica Roth. The trilogy consists of “Divergent” (2011), “Insurgent (2012), and “Allegiant” (2013), which were later adapted into 3 films.

tis set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian Chicago that has separated its population into five Factions, each defined by certain values. The Factions are Dauntless (the brave), Amity (the kind), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the selfless), and Candor (the honest). Each year, teenagers of a certain age take a placement test and then choose the Faction to which they will devote the rest of their lives. In Chapter 1, we are introduced to Beatrice Prior, who later changes her name to Tris, the protagonist and narrator of the story. As she sits in front of a mirror while her mother cuts her hair, she reflects on the life challenges she will have to face soon.

Chapter 1

THERE IS ONE mirror in my house. It is behind a sliding panel in the hallway upstairs. Our faction allows us to stand in front of it on the second day of every third month, the day my mother cuts my hair.

I sit on the stool and my mother stands behind me with the scissors, trimming, The strands fall on the floor in a dull, blond ring.

When she: finishes, she pulls my hair away from my face and twisting into a knot. I note how calm she looks and how focused she is. She is well-practiced in the art of losing herself. I can't say the same of myself.

I sneak a look at my reflection when she isn't paying attention-not for the sake of vanity, but out of curiosity. A lot can happen to a person's appearance in three months in my reflection, I see a narrow face, wide, round eyes, and a long, thin nose I still look like a little girl, though sometime in the last few months I turned sixteen. The other factions celebrate birthdays, but we don't. It would be self-indulgent.

(...) “So today is the day,” she says.

“Yes” I reply.

“Are you nervous?”

I stare into my own eyes for a moment. Today is the day of the Aptitude test that will show me which of the five factions I belong in. And tomorrow, at the Choosing Ceremony, I will decide on a faction; I will decide the rest of my life: I will decide to stay with my family or abandon them.

“No,” I say. “The tests don't have to change our choices.”

“Right.” She smiles. “Let's go eat breakfast.”

“Thank you, For cutting my hair.”

She kisses my cheek and sides the panel over the mirror. I think my mother could be beautiful, in a different world. Her body is thin beneath the gray robe. She has high cheekbones and long eyelashes, and when she lets her hair down at night, it hangs in waves over her shoulders. But she must hide that beauty in Abnegation.

We walk together to the kitchen. On these mornings when my brother makes breakfast, and my father's hand skims my hair as he reads the newspaper, and my mother hums as she clears the table - it is on these mornings that | feel guiltiest for wanting to leave them.

Adapted from https://genius.com/Veronica-roth-divergent-chapter-1-annotated

Read text VII to answer questions 37 to 40.

TEXT VII

“"Divergent is a dark and thrilling series of young adult science fiction books by American novelist Veronica Roth. The trilogy consists of “Divergent” (2011), “Insurgent (2012), and “Allegiant” (2013), which were later adapted into 3 films.

tis set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian Chicago that has separated its population into five Factions, each defined by certain values. The Factions are Dauntless (the brave), Amity (the kind), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the selfless), and Candor (the honest). Each year, teenagers of a certain age take a placement test and then choose the Faction to which they will devote the rest of their lives. In Chapter 1, we are introduced to Beatrice Prior, who later changes her name to Tris, the protagonist and narrator of the story. As she sits in front of a mirror while her mother cuts her hair, she reflects on the life challenges she will have to face soon.

Chapter 1

THERE IS ONE mirror in my house. It is behind a sliding panel in the hallway upstairs. Our faction allows us to stand in front of it on the second day of every third month, the day my mother cuts my hair.

I sit on the stool and my mother stands behind me with the scissors, trimming, The strands fall on the floor in a dull, blond ring.

When she: finishes, she pulls my hair away from my face and twisting into a knot. I note how calm she looks and how focused she is. She is well-practiced in the art of losing herself. I can't say the same of myself.

I sneak a look at my reflection when she isn't paying attention-not for the sake of vanity, but out of curiosity. A lot can happen to a person's appearance in three months in my reflection, I see a narrow face, wide, round eyes, and a long, thin nose I still look like a little girl, though sometime in the last few months I turned sixteen. The other factions celebrate birthdays, but we don't. It would be self-indulgent.

(...) “So today is the day,” she says.

“Yes” I reply.

“Are you nervous?”

I stare into my own eyes for a moment. Today is the day of the Aptitude test that will show me which of the five factions I belong in. And tomorrow, at the Choosing Ceremony, I will decide on a faction; I will decide the rest of my life: I will decide to stay with my family or abandon them.

“No,” I say. “The tests don't have to change our choices.”

“Right.” She smiles. “Let's go eat breakfast.”

“Thank you, For cutting my hair.”

She kisses my cheek and sides the panel over the mirror. I think my mother could be beautiful, in a different world. Her body is thin beneath the gray robe. She has high cheekbones and long eyelashes, and when she lets her hair down at night, it hangs in waves over her shoulders. But she must hide that beauty in Abnegation.

We walk together to the kitchen. On these mornings when my brother makes breakfast, and my father's hand skims my hair as he reads the newspaper, and my mother hums as she clears the table - it is on these mornings that | feel guiltiest for wanting to leave them.

Adapted from https://genius.com/Veronica-roth-divergent-chapter-1-annotated

Read text VII to answer questions 37 to 40.

TEXT VII

“"Divergent is a dark and thrilling series of young adult science fiction books by American novelist Veronica Roth. The trilogy consists of “Divergent” (2011), “Insurgent (2012), and “Allegiant” (2013), which were later adapted into 3 films.

tis set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian Chicago that has separated its population into five Factions, each defined by certain values. The Factions are Dauntless (the brave), Amity (the kind), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the selfless), and Candor (the honest). Each year, teenagers of a certain age take a placement test and then choose the Faction to which they will devote the rest of their lives. In Chapter 1, we are introduced to Beatrice Prior, who later changes her name to Tris, the protagonist and narrator of the story. As she sits in front of a mirror while her mother cuts her hair, she reflects on the life challenges she will have to face soon.

Chapter 1

THERE IS ONE mirror in my house. It is behind a sliding panel in the hallway upstairs. Our faction allows us to stand in front of it on the second day of every third month, the day my mother cuts my hair.

I sit on the stool and my mother stands behind me with the scissors, trimming, The strands fall on the floor in a dull, blond ring.

When she: finishes, she pulls my hair away from my face and twisting into a knot. I note how calm she looks and how focused she is. She is well-practiced in the art of losing herself. I can't say the same of myself.

I sneak a look at my reflection when she isn't paying attention-not for the sake of vanity, but out of curiosity. A lot can happen to a person's appearance in three months in my reflection, I see a narrow face, wide, round eyes, and a long, thin nose I still look like a little girl, though sometime in the last few months I turned sixteen. The other factions celebrate birthdays, but we don't. It would be self-indulgent.

(...) “So today is the day,” she says.

“Yes” I reply.

“Are you nervous?”

I stare into my own eyes for a moment. Today is the day of the Aptitude test that will show me which of the five factions I belong in. And tomorrow, at the Choosing Ceremony, I will decide on a faction; I will decide the rest of my life: I will decide to stay with my family or abandon them.

“No,” I say. “The tests don't have to change our choices.”

“Right.” She smiles. “Let's go eat breakfast.”

“Thank you, For cutting my hair.”

She kisses my cheek and sides the panel over the mirror. I think my mother could be beautiful, in a different world. Her body is thin beneath the gray robe. She has high cheekbones and long eyelashes, and when she lets her hair down at night, it hangs in waves over her shoulders. But she must hide that beauty in Abnegation.

We walk together to the kitchen. On these mornings when my brother makes breakfast, and my father's hand skims my hair as he reads the newspaper, and my mother hums as she clears the table - it is on these mornings that | feel guiltiest for wanting to leave them.

Adapted from https://genius.com/Veronica-roth-divergent-chapter-1-annotated

Read text VII to answer questions 37 to 40.

TEXT VII

“"Divergent is a dark and thrilling series of young adult science fiction books by American novelist Veronica Roth. The trilogy consists of “Divergent” (2011), “Insurgent (2012), and “Allegiant” (2013), which were later adapted into 3 films.

tis set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian Chicago that has separated its population into five Factions, each defined by certain values. The Factions are Dauntless (the brave), Amity (the kind), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the selfless), and Candor (the honest). Each year, teenagers of a certain age take a placement test and then choose the Faction to which they will devote the rest of their lives. In Chapter 1, we are introduced to Beatrice Prior, who later changes her name to Tris, the protagonist and narrator of the story. As she sits in front of a mirror while her mother cuts her hair, she reflects on the life challenges she will have to face soon.

Chapter 1

THERE IS ONE mirror in my house. It is behind a sliding panel in the hallway upstairs. Our faction allows us to stand in front of it on the second day of every third month, the day my mother cuts my hair.

I sit on the stool and my mother stands behind me with the scissors, trimming, The strands fall on the floor in a dull, blond ring.

When she: finishes, she pulls my hair away from my face and twisting into a knot. I note how calm she looks and how focused she is. She is well-practiced in the art of losing herself. I can't say the same of myself.

I sneak a look at my reflection when she isn't paying attention-not for the sake of vanity, but out of curiosity. A lot can happen to a person's appearance in three months in my reflection, I see a narrow face, wide, round eyes, and a long, thin nose I still look like a little girl, though sometime in the last few months I turned sixteen. The other factions celebrate birthdays, but we don't. It would be self-indulgent.

(...) “So today is the day,” she says.

“Yes” I reply.

“Are you nervous?”

I stare into my own eyes for a moment. Today is the day of the Aptitude test that will show me which of the five factions I belong in. And tomorrow, at the Choosing Ceremony, I will decide on a faction; I will decide the rest of my life: I will decide to stay with my family or abandon them.

“No,” I say. “The tests don't have to change our choices.”

“Right.” She smiles. “Let's go eat breakfast.”

“Thank you, For cutting my hair.”

She kisses my cheek and sides the panel over the mirror. I think my mother could be beautiful, in a different world. Her body is thin beneath the gray robe. She has high cheekbones and long eyelashes, and when she lets her hair down at night, it hangs in waves over her shoulders. But she must hide that beauty in Abnegation.

We walk together to the kitchen. On these mornings when my brother makes breakfast, and my father's hand skims my hair as he reads the newspaper, and my mother hums as she clears the table - it is on these mornings that | feel guiltiest for wanting to leave them.

Adapted from https://genius.com/Veronica-roth-divergent-chapter-1-annotated

Read text VI to answer question 36.

TEXT VI

Read text V to answer questions 34 and 35.

TEXT V

US considers 'sun blocking' to cool the Earth

It sounds like something out of a sci-fi novel, but some researchers want to cool the earth by reflecting sunlight back into space. Sun blocking' technologies - also known as solar radiation modification (SRM) - could theoretically cool down the earth by reflecting sunlight back into space. One idea involves pumping sun-blocking particles into the upper atmosphere. This process of 'stratospheric aerosol injection! would involve planes spraying an aerosol like sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere. This mist of particles would refiect the sun back upwards, shading the earth. The method has already worked - although accidentally. When Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted in 1991, it released thousands of tons of sulfur dioxide. The global temperature temporarily dropped by 0.5ºC. In September 2022, researchers at Yale University argued that the injection method could hypothetically refreeze the poles. - À White House report published last Friday confirms that the US is open to researching SRM. "A programme of research into the scientific and societal implications of solar radiation modification (SRM) would enable better-informed decisions about the potential risks and benefits of SRM as a component, of climate policy, alongside the foundational elements 'of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and adaptation; it says. However, the report also clarifies that no decisioh-has been made to "establish a comprehensive research “programme focused on solar radiation modification.”

In February, several news outlets reported that the UN wanted to:'explore' this technique. This could give the impression that the organisation had approved sun blocking as a viable-.tool to fight climate change. Unfortunately for tech enthusiasts, this is not the case. The UN Environmental Programs recent report into SRM concludes that it is not currently a realistic or wise plan. "UNEP conecurs with the panel that, at present, large-scale, or operational deployment of SRM technologies is not necessary, viable, prudent or sufficiently safe, given the limited scientific understanding and uncertainty about the potential impacts and unintended consequences," says UNEP's Chief Scientist Andrea Himwood. “The review concludes that SRM cannot replace reducing greenhouse gas emissions." Nonetheless, the body doesn't rule out the method altogether, with the report concluding that their assessment of the technique "may change should climate actions remain insufficient”.

Adapted from https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/07/05/sun-blockers-us-scientists-aim-to-cool-the-earth-by-refiecting-sunlight-into-space

Read text IV to answer questions 32 and 33.

TEXT IV

Fewer than 1 in 5 would give up their smartphone to mitigate climate change, YAF poll found

According to a poll published on Aug. 13, 2023 from the Young America's Foundation, two thirds of college students believe climate change is a threat to their generation, but fewer than one in five are willing to give up their smartphones to help, a recent poll found. More college students would sacrifice having children and eating meat before giving up their cellphones.

The poll, facilitated by Echelon Insights, asked 812 college students in mid-July about a wide variety of topics, “including environmental issues. According to the poll, 86 percent believe climate change is happening, and nearly two thirds, 67 percent, believe it is a threat for their generation. But when asked what they are willing to give up or significantly cut down on to “help mitigate climate change," only one in five - or 13 percent - chose their smartphones.

Anthony Watts, senior fellow for environment and climate at the Heartland Institute, said the results did not surprise him. He said giving up a smartphone - “essentially a visual stimulation drug” - is like trying to end a drug addiction, and it isn't surprising that students are more willing to sacrifice almost anything else.

Willing to give up or significantly cut down on to mitigate climate change

Adapted from <https://www.thecollegefix.comímore-college-students-would-give-up-having-children-eating-meat-than-cellphones-to-help-climate-pol/>

Read text IV to answer questions 32 and 33.

TEXT IV

Fewer than 1 in 5 would give up their smartphone to mitigate climate change, YAF poll found

According to a poll published on Aug. 13, 2023 from the Young America's Foundation, two thirds of college students believe climate change is a threat to their generation, but fewer than one in five are willing to give up their smartphones to help, a recent poll found. More college students would sacrifice having children and eating meat before giving up their cellphones.

The poll, facilitated by Echelon Insights, asked 812 college students in mid-July about a wide variety of topics, “including environmental issues. According to the poll, 86 percent believe climate change is happening, and nearly two thirds, 67 percent, believe it is a threat for their generation. But when asked what they are willing to give up or significantly cut down on to “help mitigate climate change," only one in five - or 13 percent - chose their smartphones.

Anthony Watts, senior fellow for environment and climate at the Heartland Institute, said the results did not surprise him. He said giving up a smartphone - “essentially a visual stimulation drug” - is like trying to end a drug addiction, and it isn't surprising that students are more willing to sacrifice almost anything else.

Willing to give up or significantly cut down on to mitigate climate change

Adapted from <https://www.thecollegefix.comímore-college-students-would-give-up-having-children-eating-meat-than-cellphones-to-help-climate-pol/>