The meaning of the phrasal verb “to get abreast of” is:

Education in Brazil: Challenges and Progress

1 Basic Education, particularly at the elementary level, has seen notable improvements in terms of access and enrollment rates over the past few decades. Literacy rates have increased, and the vast majority of children are now in school. However, the primary struggle lies in quality and equity. Standardized tests, like the Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB), frequently reveal that students in many public schools are not achieving adequate proficiency in core subjects like Portuguese and Mathematics. Public schools, which serve the majority of the population, often suffer from inadequate infrastructure, low teacher salaries, and a lack of pedagogical resources, contrasting sharply with the generally higher quality offered by private institutions. Furthermore, the dropout rate, particularly in High School (Ensino Médio), remains a persistent concern.

2 To address these systemic issues, recent reforms have focused on curricular changes, such as the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), which aims to standardize learning objectives across the nation. There is also a continuous push for the professional development and better remuneration of teachers. The future of education in Brazil rests on a concerted effort to improve the quality of public basic schools, ensuring that all students, regardless of their socio-economic status, have a genuine opportunity to succeed. Sustained and equitable funding, coupled with effective, long-term educational planning that addresses the needs of a diverse and large country, will be crucial for Brazil to fully leverage education as a true engine for social mobility and national development.

3 Higher Education in Brazil is highly selective and largely dominated by public universities, which are internationally recognized and offer tuition-free instruction. These institutions, such as the Universidade de São Paulo (USP) and the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), are centers of excellence in research and teaching. Access is primarily gained through the highly competitive National High School Exam (ENEM), which is used to select students for public universities via the Sistema de Seleção Unificada (SiSU). A significant challenge in this sector has been ensuring access for students from underprivileged backgrounds. To combat this, the federal government implemented affirmative action policies (quotas), reserving a percentage of slots in public universities for students from public schools, those with low family incomes, and those of African or Indigenous descent, which has successfully diversified the student body.

4 Education in Brazil is a vast and complex system, undergoing continuous evolution while grappling with significant structural challenges. The country's education is generally divided into three main levels: Basic Education (comprising Early Childhood Education, Elementary School, and High School) and Higher Education. The Brazilian Constitution guarantees the right to education as a duty of the State and the family, making mandatory and free schooling for all children and adolescents aged 4 to 17. The system is highly decentralized, with the federal government, states, and municipalities sharing responsibilities, which often leads to disparities in funding, quality, and management across the different regions, particularly between the more developed South and Southeast and the less developed North and Northeast. 

5 The core issue underpinning the Brazilian educational system is the profound inequity that mirrors the country's social and economic stratification. Students from affluent backgrounds overwhelmingly attend higherquality private basic schools, giving them a considerable advantage in securing spots at the prestigious public universities. The funding mechanism, despite constitutional mandates like the Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (FUNDEB), often fails to bridge the resource gap between wealthy and poor municipalities. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic severely exacerbated these issues, highlighting the digital divide and the lack of proper tools for remote learning in low-income households, leading to significant learning loss and increased inequality in educational outcomes.

What is the right order of the paragraphs?

Choose the right choice that shows the right linking words to complete the text below:

Yesterday afternoon, a group of people marched towards the Government Palace____________ talk to the governor about some problems that have been taking place in the region of backlands. ____________, hundreds of protesters got together in front of the palace due to their dissatisfaction about the low salaries and lack of wage raise. ____________ receiving some of the protesters who were outside the palace, the governor gave the opportunity to only the representatives of the rural growers to talk about their demands and complaints. _____________, there have been more serious problems ____________ not only in the entire state, ____________ in the capital such as: the high level of crimes, lack of basic sanitation, mainly in the city outskirts, the pollution of the most touristic beaches ___________ the bad quality of the public transportation which has been a lot to be desired for so many years. ____________, when all was said and done, the governor decided to give in their demandings by promising he would do as best as he could to improve and solve all the drastical situation. _____________, they set up a middle-term deadline so that the governor could fulfil all their needs.

The region of prosperity

Petrolina and Juazeiro are charming and prosperous cities that attract not only tourists but also investors due to their beauty and economic potential. In fact, all this success stems from irrigated agriculture, which has provided quality and security in the harvests of both mangoes and grapes. The São Francisco Valley region, including not only the cities of Petrolina and Juazeiro, but also other places with great economic potential such as Vermelhos, Sobradinho, Lagoa Grande, Casa Nova, etc., has been the site of significant financial investments through the production of high-quality wines. 
The São Francisco Valley as a whole has stood out mainly in the production and export of mangoes and grapes of various varieties, including seedless grapes and dry red wine, supplying not only the domestic market but also the foreign market, especially the European, American and Asian markets. Also, tourism is another sector that has been growing significantly in recent years. The city of Petrolina alone, for example, has more than thirty tourist attractions that make any tourist want to return many times. It is worth highlighting Pedrinhas, a bathing resort located very close to the urban area; Ilha do Rodeadouro or Rodeadouro Island, for lovers of crystal-clear, shallow waters in the São Francisco River; the large wineries in the Vermelhos, Santa Maria da Boa Vista, and Lagoa Grande regions, for wine lovers and tasters; the Sobradinho Dam, for those who appreciate the contrast between the natural and the artificial; and Ilha do Fogo or Fire Island, a historical site marking the border between the two states, Pernambuco and Bahia, connected by the Presidente Dutra bridge over the São Francisco River.
In addition, the region has an international airport located in the city of Petrolina with daily flights to various capitals of Brazil connecting the entire region with all the Brazilian cultures and accents, making Petrolina and Juazeiro cosmopolitan cities that are welcoming to all who visit or wish to settle permanently in this region known as "the land of opportunities" or "the Brazilian California".
You can also travel through the history of the region by visiting both the Sertão (backland) Museum located in Petrolina and the São Francisco Regional Museum located in the city of Juazeiro. In short, a visit to the São Francisco Valley region is a must to contemplate and to enjoy a prosperous hinterland rich in beauty and potential.

According to the text "The region of prosperity," what is the main factor driving the economic success of the cities of Petrolina and Juazeiro, and what products stand out in this scenario, supplying both the domestic and international markets?

Conforme dispõe o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, assinale a alternativa CORRETA acerca de quem deve velar pela dignidade da criança e do adolescente, prevenindo ameaças ou violações dos seus direitos.

Conforme o Estatuto da criança e do Adolescente, constitui infração administrativa a conduta de deixar de comunicar à autoridade competente situações envolvendo suspeita ou confirmação de maus-tratos contra crianças e adolescentes. Considerando exatamente o que estabelece o artigo 245 do ECA, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.

O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente no seu Art. 17, assegura o direito ao respeito como princípio fundamental das relações educativas, especialmente na convivência escolar, nesse sentido, assinale a alternativa que expressa CORRETAMENTE o conteúdo desse direito, conforme previsto na lei.

A BNCC discute os desafios da escola diante das transformações da sociedade contemporânea, marcada pela ampliação do acesso à informação e pela presença da cultura digital. Diante desse contexto, assinale a alternativa CORRETA que expressa a orientação pedagógica da BNCC para a atuação pedagógica na escola.

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular explicita seu compromisso com a educação integral, compreendendo-a como fundamento para a formação humana no contexto da sociedade contemporânea. Segundo a BNCC, o conceito de educação integral refere-se:

O PPP de uma escola reflete tanto a dimensão política quanto a dimensão pedagógica da instituição. Considerando essa perspectiva, assinale a alternativa que NÃO descreve corretamente a função desse documento.