Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 61 a 70.

2010 census shows Brazil’s inequalities remain

November 17, 2011

By Joe Leahy in São Paulo

Brazil has a long way to go to become a more egalitarian society in spite of significant advances over the past decade, when millions of poor joined the ranks of the middle classes, the country’s 2010 census shows.

Among the most glaring inequalities, the figures found that 25 per cent of the population still lived on an average monthly income per capita of up to R$188 ($106) and half the population on up to R$375. This was compared to the minimum wage in 2010 of R$510. “The results of Census 2010 show that income inequality is still very strong in Brazil, despite the declining trend observed in recent years,” the government data bureau, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – known as the IBGE – said.

Once notorious for its rich/poor divide, Brazil has made great strides over the past decade. The rise of a new middle class, which is attracting a flurry of international investment as multinationals from car companies to snackfood producers compete to grab a share of the market, was made possible by increases in the minimum wage, improved welfare benefits and stable economic management.

In particular, successive governments were able to put an end to runaway inflation, which eroded the value of the wages and savings of lower income earners while benefiting those rich enough to buy property or save in dollars.

According to a study by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, an academic institution, an estimated 33m people have risen to the ranks of the so-called “new middle classes” or above since 2003. Today, 105.5m Brazilians out of a total population of 190m are members of this group, earning between R$1,200 and R$5,174 per household.

But the census indicates tens of millions of people have yet to catch up or have been left behind completely. Discrepancies between races are among the greatest. The average monthly income of whites was R$1,538 and Asians R$1,574, nearly double that of blacks and those of mixed race with R$834 and R$845 respectively, and more than twice as much as indigenous people with R$735.

Whites were also living longer while blacks and those of mixed race accounted for a higher proportion of people below 40 years. “Whites have a higher proportion of elderly people – over 65 years and especially over 80 years of age – which is probably linked to differences in living conditions and access to healthcare, and unequal distribution of income,” the IBGE said.

The same pattern was represented in levels of illiteracy. Although the national rate of illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older had fallen from 13.63 per cent in 2000 to 9.6 per cent in 2010, it was still as high as 28 per cent in some medium-sized municipalities in the poorer north-east. Illiteracy among blacks was at 14.4 per cent and among those of mixed race 13 per cent in 2010, nearly triple that of whites at 5.9 per cent.

(www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/71352352-112c-11e1-ad22- 00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wrL3w1LE)

Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 61 a 70.

2010 census shows Brazil’s inequalities remain

November 17, 2011

By Joe Leahy in São Paulo

Brazil has a long way to go to become a more egalitarian society in spite of significant advances over the past decade, when millions of poor joined the ranks of the middle classes, the country’s 2010 census shows.

Among the most glaring inequalities, the figures found that 25 per cent of the population still lived on an average monthly income per capita of up to R$188 ($106) and half the population on up to R$375. This was compared to the minimum wage in 2010 of R$510. “The results of Census 2010 show that income inequality is still very strong in Brazil, despite the declining trend observed in recent years,” the government data bureau, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – known as the IBGE – said.

Once notorious for its rich/poor divide, Brazil has made great strides over the past decade. The rise of a new middle class, which is attracting a flurry of international investment as multinationals from car companies to snackfood producers compete to grab a share of the market, was made possible by increases in the minimum wage, improved welfare benefits and stable economic management.

In particular, successive governments were able to put an end to runaway inflation, which eroded the value of the wages and savings of lower income earners while benefiting those rich enough to buy property or save in dollars.

According to a study by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, an academic institution, an estimated 33m people have risen to the ranks of the so-called “new middle classes” or above since 2003. Today, 105.5m Brazilians out of a total population of 190m are members of this group, earning between R$1,200 and R$5,174 per household.

But the census indicates tens of millions of people have yet to catch up or have been left behind completely. Discrepancies between races are among the greatest. The average monthly income of whites was R$1,538 and Asians R$1,574, nearly double that of blacks and those of mixed race with R$834 and R$845 respectively, and more than twice as much as indigenous people with R$735.

Whites were also living longer while blacks and those of mixed race accounted for a higher proportion of people below 40 years. “Whites have a higher proportion of elderly people – over 65 years and especially over 80 years of age – which is probably linked to differences in living conditions and access to healthcare, and unequal distribution of income,” the IBGE said.

The same pattern was represented in levels of illiteracy. Although the national rate of illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older had fallen from 13.63 per cent in 2000 to 9.6 per cent in 2010, it was still as high as 28 per cent in some medium-sized municipalities in the poorer north-east. Illiteracy among blacks was at 14.4 per cent and among those of mixed race 13 per cent in 2010, nearly triple that of whites at 5.9 per cent.

(www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/71352352-112c-11e1-ad22- 00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wrL3w1LE)

Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 61 a 70.

2010 census shows Brazil’s inequalities remain

November 17, 2011

By Joe Leahy in São Paulo

Brazil has a long way to go to become a more egalitarian society in spite of significant advances over the past decade, when millions of poor joined the ranks of the middle classes, the country’s 2010 census shows.

Among the most glaring inequalities, the figures found that 25 per cent of the population still lived on an average monthly income per capita of up to R$188 ($106) and half the population on up to R$375. This was compared to the minimum wage in 2010 of R$510. “The results of Census 2010 show that income inequality is still very strong in Brazil, despite the declining trend observed in recent years,” the government data bureau, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – known as the IBGE – said.

Once notorious for its rich/poor divide, Brazil has made great strides over the past decade. The rise of a new middle class, which is attracting a flurry of international investment as multinationals from car companies to snackfood producers compete to grab a share of the market, was made possible by increases in the minimum wage, improved welfare benefits and stable economic management.

In particular, successive governments were able to put an end to runaway inflation, which eroded the value of the wages and savings of lower income earners while benefiting those rich enough to buy property or save in dollars.

According to a study by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, an academic institution, an estimated 33m people have risen to the ranks of the so-called “new middle classes” or above since 2003. Today, 105.5m Brazilians out of a total population of 190m are members of this group, earning between R$1,200 and R$5,174 per household.

But the census indicates tens of millions of people have yet to catch up or have been left behind completely. Discrepancies between races are among the greatest. The average monthly income of whites was R$1,538 and Asians R$1,574, nearly double that of blacks and those of mixed race with R$834 and R$845 respectively, and more than twice as much as indigenous people with R$735.

Whites were also living longer while blacks and those of mixed race accounted for a higher proportion of people below 40 years. “Whites have a higher proportion of elderly people – over 65 years and especially over 80 years of age – which is probably linked to differences in living conditions and access to healthcare, and unequal distribution of income,” the IBGE said.

The same pattern was represented in levels of illiteracy. Although the national rate of illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older had fallen from 13.63 per cent in 2000 to 9.6 per cent in 2010, it was still as high as 28 per cent in some medium-sized municipalities in the poorer north-east. Illiteracy among blacks was at 14.4 per cent and among those of mixed race 13 per cent in 2010, nearly triple that of whites at 5.9 per cent.

(www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/71352352-112c-11e1-ad22- 00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wrL3w1LE)

Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 61 a 70.

2010 census shows Brazil’s inequalities remain

November 17, 2011

By Joe Leahy in São Paulo

Brazil has a long way to go to become a more egalitarian society in spite of significant advances over the past decade, when millions of poor joined the ranks of the middle classes, the country’s 2010 census shows.

Among the most glaring inequalities, the figures found that 25 per cent of the population still lived on an average monthly income per capita of up to R$188 ($106) and half the population on up to R$375. This was compared to the minimum wage in 2010 of R$510. “The results of Census 2010 show that income inequality is still very strong in Brazil, despite the declining trend observed in recent years,” the government data bureau, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – known as the IBGE – said.

Once notorious for its rich/poor divide, Brazil has made great strides over the past decade. The rise of a new middle class, which is attracting a flurry of international investment as multinationals from car companies to snackfood producers compete to grab a share of the market, was made possible by increases in the minimum wage, improved welfare benefits and stable economic management.

In particular, successive governments were able to put an end to runaway inflation, which eroded the value of the wages and savings of lower income earners while benefiting those rich enough to buy property or save in dollars.

According to a study by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, an academic institution, an estimated 33m people have risen to the ranks of the so-called “new middle classes” or above since 2003. Today, 105.5m Brazilians out of a total population of 190m are members of this group, earning between R$1,200 and R$5,174 per household.

But the census indicates tens of millions of people have yet to catch up or have been left behind completely. Discrepancies between races are among the greatest. The average monthly income of whites was R$1,538 and Asians R$1,574, nearly double that of blacks and those of mixed race with R$834 and R$845 respectively, and more than twice as much as indigenous people with R$735.

Whites were also living longer while blacks and those of mixed race accounted for a higher proportion of people below 40 years. “Whites have a higher proportion of elderly people – over 65 years and especially over 80 years of age – which is probably linked to differences in living conditions and access to healthcare, and unequal distribution of income,” the IBGE said.

The same pattern was represented in levels of illiteracy. Although the national rate of illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older had fallen from 13.63 per cent in 2000 to 9.6 per cent in 2010, it was still as high as 28 per cent in some medium-sized municipalities in the poorer north-east. Illiteracy among blacks was at 14.4 per cent and among those of mixed race 13 per cent in 2010, nearly triple that of whites at 5.9 per cent.

(www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/71352352-112c-11e1-ad22- 00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wrL3w1LE)

Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 61 a 70.

2010 census shows Brazil’s inequalities remain

November 17, 2011

By Joe Leahy in São Paulo

Brazil has a long way to go to become a more egalitarian society in spite of significant advances over the past decade, when millions of poor joined the ranks of the middle classes, the country’s 2010 census shows.

Among the most glaring inequalities, the figures found that 25 per cent of the population still lived on an average monthly income per capita of up to R$188 ($106) and half the population on up to R$375. This was compared to the minimum wage in 2010 of R$510. “The results of Census 2010 show that income inequality is still very strong in Brazil, despite the declining trend observed in recent years,” the government data bureau, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – known as the IBGE – said.

Once notorious for its rich/poor divide, Brazil has made great strides over the past decade. The rise of a new middle class, which is attracting a flurry of international investment as multinationals from car companies to snackfood producers compete to grab a share of the market, was made possible by increases in the minimum wage, improved welfare benefits and stable economic management.

In particular, successive governments were able to put an end to runaway inflation, which eroded the value of the wages and savings of lower income earners while benefiting those rich enough to buy property or save in dollars.

According to a study by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, an academic institution, an estimated 33m people have risen to the ranks of the so-called “new middle classes” or above since 2003. Today, 105.5m Brazilians out of a total population of 190m are members of this group, earning between R$1,200 and R$5,174 per household.

But the census indicates tens of millions of people have yet to catch up or have been left behind completely. Discrepancies between races are among the greatest. The average monthly income of whites was R$1,538 and Asians R$1,574, nearly double that of blacks and those of mixed race with R$834 and R$845 respectively, and more than twice as much as indigenous people with R$735.

Whites were also living longer while blacks and those of mixed race accounted for a higher proportion of people below 40 years. “Whites have a higher proportion of elderly people – over 65 years and especially over 80 years of age – which is probably linked to differences in living conditions and access to healthcare, and unequal distribution of income,” the IBGE said.

The same pattern was represented in levels of illiteracy. Although the national rate of illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older had fallen from 13.63 per cent in 2000 to 9.6 per cent in 2010, it was still as high as 28 per cent in some medium-sized municipalities in the poorer north-east. Illiteracy among blacks was at 14.4 per cent and among those of mixed race 13 per cent in 2010, nearly triple that of whites at 5.9 per cent.

(www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/71352352-112c-11e1-ad22- 00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wrL3w1LE)

Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 61 a 70.

2010 census shows Brazil’s inequalities remain

November 17, 2011

By Joe Leahy in São Paulo

Brazil has a long way to go to become a more egalitarian society in spite of significant advances over the past decade, when millions of poor joined the ranks of the middle classes, the country’s 2010 census shows.

Among the most glaring inequalities, the figures found that 25 per cent of the population still lived on an average monthly income per capita of up to R$188 ($106) and half the population on up to R$375. This was compared to the minimum wage in 2010 of R$510. “The results of Census 2010 show that income inequality is still very strong in Brazil, despite the declining trend observed in recent years,” the government data bureau, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – known as the IBGE – said.

Once notorious for its rich/poor divide, Brazil has made great strides over the past decade. The rise of a new middle class, which is attracting a flurry of international investment as multinationals from car companies to snackfood producers compete to grab a share of the market, was made possible by increases in the minimum wage, improved welfare benefits and stable economic management.

In particular, successive governments were able to put an end to runaway inflation, which eroded the value of the wages and savings of lower income earners while benefiting those rich enough to buy property or save in dollars.

According to a study by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, an academic institution, an estimated 33m people have risen to the ranks of the so-called “new middle classes” or above since 2003. Today, 105.5m Brazilians out of a total population of 190m are members of this group, earning between R$1,200 and R$5,174 per household.

But the census indicates tens of millions of people have yet to catch up or have been left behind completely. Discrepancies between races are among the greatest. The average monthly income of whites was R$1,538 and Asians R$1,574, nearly double that of blacks and those of mixed race with R$834 and R$845 respectively, and more than twice as much as indigenous people with R$735.

Whites were also living longer while blacks and those of mixed race accounted for a higher proportion of people below 40 years. “Whites have a higher proportion of elderly people – over 65 years and especially over 80 years of age – which is probably linked to differences in living conditions and access to healthcare, and unequal distribution of income,” the IBGE said.

The same pattern was represented in levels of illiteracy. Although the national rate of illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older had fallen from 13.63 per cent in 2000 to 9.6 per cent in 2010, it was still as high as 28 per cent in some medium-sized municipalities in the poorer north-east. Illiteracy among blacks was at 14.4 per cent and among those of mixed race 13 per cent in 2010, nearly triple that of whites at 5.9 per cent.

(www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/71352352-112c-11e1-ad22- 00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wrL3w1LE)

Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 61 a 70.

2010 census shows Brazil’s inequalities remain

November 17, 2011

By Joe Leahy in São Paulo

Brazil has a long way to go to become a more egalitarian society in spite of significant advances over the past decade, when millions of poor joined the ranks of the middle classes, the country’s 2010 census shows.

Among the most glaring inequalities, the figures found that 25 per cent of the population still lived on an average monthly income per capita of up to R$188 ($106) and half the population on up to R$375. This was compared to the minimum wage in 2010 of R$510. “The results of Census 2010 show that income inequality is still very strong in Brazil, despite the declining trend observed in recent years,” the government data bureau, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – known as the IBGE – said.

Once notorious for its rich/poor divide, Brazil has made great strides over the past decade. The rise of a new middle class, which is attracting a flurry of international investment as multinationals from car companies to snackfood producers compete to grab a share of the market, was made possible by increases in the minimum wage, improved welfare benefits and stable economic management.

In particular, successive governments were able to put an end to runaway inflation, which eroded the value of the wages and savings of lower income earners while benefiting those rich enough to buy property or save in dollars.

According to a study by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, an academic institution, an estimated 33m people have risen to the ranks of the so-called “new middle classes” or above since 2003. Today, 105.5m Brazilians out of a total population of 190m are members of this group, earning between R$1,200 and R$5,174 per household.

But the census indicates tens of millions of people have yet to catch up or have been left behind completely. Discrepancies between races are among the greatest. The average monthly income of whites was R$1,538 and Asians R$1,574, nearly double that of blacks and those of mixed race with R$834 and R$845 respectively, and more than twice as much as indigenous people with R$735.

Whites were also living longer while blacks and those of mixed race accounted for a higher proportion of people below 40 years. “Whites have a higher proportion of elderly people – over 65 years and especially over 80 years of age – which is probably linked to differences in living conditions and access to healthcare, and unequal distribution of income,” the IBGE said.

The same pattern was represented in levels of illiteracy. Although the national rate of illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older had fallen from 13.63 per cent in 2000 to 9.6 per cent in 2010, it was still as high as 28 per cent in some medium-sized municipalities in the poorer north-east. Illiteracy among blacks was at 14.4 per cent and among those of mixed race 13 per cent in 2010, nearly triple that of whites at 5.9 per cent.

(www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/71352352-112c-11e1-ad22- 00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wrL3w1LE)