Cohesion helps readers to focus well on the text topic by building clearer emphasis and understanding. Concerning the highlighted cohesive devices, it is compatible information they function as:
The official journal of the IFIP Technical Committee on Education covers the complex relationships that are established between information and communication technologies and education. Especially those providing perspectives at all levels which range from the micro of specific applications or instances of use in classrooms to macro concerns of national policies and major projects; from classes of five year olds to adults in tertiary institutions; from teachers and administrators, to researchers and designers; from institutions to open, distance and lifelong learning. This breadth of coverage allows Education and Information Technologies to examine fundamental issues at all levels that discuss specific instances and cases, drawing inference and probing theory. This journal is embedded in the research and practice of professionals who look for boosting their performances by bringing in innovation. We are also very proud to acknowledge that over 50% of the articles published in this journal in 2023 were related to one or more of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
(Available in: https://link.springer.com/journal/10639. Adapted.)

The featured figure of speech in the image is:

(Available in: https://www.redbubble.com)

The review of the Simple Present topic proposed to 8th graders by means of the sentences’ analysis will enable to remind them of an instance when the Simple Present must be employed which is to describe:

The text coming next was submitted to study through activities such as reading and interpretation, aiming at featuring language’s referential function in a practical way, since its author focuses on:
A survey released on Thursday (18) by MapBiomas shows that, in 2022, 77% of the illegal mining areas in the Brazilian Amazon were less than 500 meters away from water streams, such as rivers and lakes. According to satellite images recently revealed, the Amazon had 186,000 hectares of illegal mining areas near water streams, out of a total of 241,000 hectares occupied by illegal miners (known in Brazil as “garimpeiros”) in the region. At the time, the Amazon accounted for 92% of all the area mined in the country. “The proximity of gold mines to watercourses is the DNA of mining activities in the Amazon, especially gold, which is almost always linked to rivers and their alluvial deposits. While deforestation is confined to the area mined, the siltation caused by mining near the edges of rivers and other water streams coupled with the contamination of water by mercury, and more recently by cyanide, reach much larger areas,” said Cesar Diniz, a technical coordinator of mining mapping at MapBiomas. The survey also showed that around 10% of the area mined in the Amazon (25,100 hectares) is located within Indigenous Lands, especially in the Kayapó, Munduruku and Yanomami lands. MapBiomas points out that Indigenous lands are the best-preserved areas in the Amazon: from 1985 to 2022, they lost less than 1% of their native vegetation, compared to 26% recorded in private areas.
(Available in: https://www.brasildefato.com.br/. Accessed in: April/2014.)

The word list, extracted from previously studied texts, was tabled as vocabulary review, as well as to prompt word structure awareness and deeper study, being the criterion that applies to all of the words on the list, and grounds lexical choice:

Every language has, due to several factors, variations in its structure, speech, grammar and pronunciation. That is, in the same language we may find different ways of speaking, that enrich even more the linguistic content and the dynamism in communication. Some of these possibilities are related to the linguistic variations that occur in specific regions, namely, there is a difference in words and phonemes, according to the place where certain language is spoken. For example, does a person who was born in Rio Grande do Sul speak in the same way as someone who was born in Bahia? Certainly not. Each region has its own variations of a same language. The same applies to international examples, such as The United States, England, New Zealand, The Virgin Islands, and South Africa, to quote just a few of the locations where English is mainly spoken, in different places and regions, different forms develop. This linguistic phenomenon happens in locations with different cultures, habits, customs and traditions, thus creating other language structures, diverse lexicon, as well as sounds and accents. The dimmension of linguistic variation described is:

A handout containing the pairs of sentences that follow was given 9th graders for translation, observation and comparison. Being the use of a specialized online dictionary, indicated by the teacher, allowed and encouraged, by means of the teacher’s orientations and guidance while it happens the sharing of students’ perceptions it should be possible to:

1.a) Bill had a golden opportunity this semester.
1.b) Bill had a golden chance this semester.

2.a) She is stubborn, and won’t change her mind.
2.b) She is stubborn, and won’t change her thought.

3.a) Unfortunately mom is a heavy smoker.
3.b) Unfortunately mom is a big smoker.

4.a) Are you fully aware of this medicine’s side effects?
4.b) Are you entirely aware of this medicine’s side effects?

5.a) The teacher gave us advice.
5.b) The teacher offered us advice.

Students were divided in groups and each group received one of the fragments for analysis and comprehension. The thorough examination highlights the presence and command of one same figure of speech mainly employed in all of them contributing to:

“My friend is dead, my neighbor is dead, my love, the darling of my soul, is dead.”
(A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens.)

“Buddy, you’re a boy, make a big noise Playing in the street, gonna be a big man someday Buddy, you’re a young man, hard man Shouting in the street, gonna take on the world someday.”
(We Will Rock You, Queen.)

“We will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together knowing that we will be free one day.”
(I Have a Dream, Martin Luther King.)

“I came to win, to fight, to conquer, to thrive. I came to win, to survive, to prosper, to rise.”
(Fly, Nicki Minaj.)

“… and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the Earth.”
(Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln.)

“We saw no houses, no smoke, no footprints, no boats, no people.”
(Lord of the Flies, William Golding.)

As to the featured sentences, there is consistent information in:
The magic realm was just ahead of us, all wrapped in mystery and cloaked by soft haze. No dwellings could be seen at that point, since the winding road did not leave much of a clear spatial prospect, but some characters who had always inhabited imagination were evidently visible then. On the grass sat an enormous frog gazing at a swarm of insects in the distance which sharpened our curiosity, as if unpredictable surprises were to come. The first scenario was promising, so we went on the road. Next, under a tree was lying one of the biggest men we had ever seen peacefully sleeping. Directly in front of him stood a great hut, indicating its landlord was the slumbering creature. As we quietly proceeded and the mist scattered, we were able to view that along the road came a strange procession.

In “But of course (to return to your letter) I always knew about your STANDOFFISHNESS.” appoint the fitting option that best substitutes the highlighted word.