It requires meaningful interaction in the target language, natural communication in which speakers are concerned not with the form of their utterances but with the messages they are conveying and understanding. Error correction and explicit teaching of rules are not relevant to it, but caretakers and native speakers can modify their utterances addressed to acquirers to help them understand, and these modifications are thought to help the process (KRASHEN, 1981).

Which process is Krashen (1981) stating about?

The agenda in language acquisition studies was set by Noam Chomsky’s assertion (1965) that language is an innately acquired faculty. Chomsky’s arguments were based upon aspects of acquisition which are difficult to account for unless genetic transmission gives the child a head start.

The correct sequence of True and False statements, according to Chomsky’s considerations on language acquisition, from top to bottom, include:

( ) the short period of time within which a child achieves grammatical competence. ( ) the lack of correction or explicit teaching by adults.

( ) the ‘poverty of the stimulus’ available to the child in the form of natural speech with its hesitations, false starts and syntactic errors.

( ) the fact that not all normally developing children acquire full competence, regardless of differences in their intellectual capacity.

Saussure, considered the “father” of Applied linguistics, establishes, in the beginning of the XIX century, four pairs of linguistic concepts, which he calls dichotomies.

The option that names his four dichotomies is

Speech is a complex system and not a complicated system. In fact, this system is organized in the service, not of meaningless bits of sound, but meaningful words and phrases, intended for symbolic communication between embodied, socially situated agents. This view is compatible with current thinking across a range of of language.

The group of words that best completes the blank is

Compared to young learners, adult learners have several advantages and a few disadvantages. Read the following characteristics (numbers) and explanations (letters):

1. Cognitively mature

2. Self directing

3. Focused on career paths

4. Psychologically vulnerable

A. Many go to school even though they may feel embarrassed.

B. This is based on the life and school experiences which help them understand the context and rules of language learning.

C. Learn best when learning something that has clear importance for future financial goals.

D. Adult learners need to select their own literacy goals to maintain interest and motivation.

Which is the correct association between numbers and letters?

Using literature as content in ESL/EFL classes has a variety of benefits. While _________literature should be primarily an enjoyable _________experience, using literature in L2 classrooms can also develop students' language _______.

The sequence of words, from left to right, that best completes the sentence above is

English for Specific Purposes experts are in considerable agreement about its core characteristics.

Celse-Murcia (2013) establishes that an absolute characteristic related to English for Specific Purposes is that it is

According to Celse-Murcia (2013), the theoretical basis for the use of digital technology in the classroom comes from various second language acquisition theories.

The use of _________ in English language teaching and learning can also encourage the development of strategies necessary for modern survival: _________, _________, _________ and _________.

The group of words that best completes the sentence above is

Considering vocabulary learning in L2, there are many words to know and many details to be known about each word.

Celse-Murcia (2013) establishes that word knowledge includes the mastery of its:

The way to form possessives in English is to add ‘s to regular singular nouns and noncount nouns and irregular plural nouns not ending in s or to add an apostrophe after the s ending of regular plural nouns and after singular/noncount nouns ending in the sound /s/ to form ‘s.

Celse-Murcia (2013) affirms that, besides possession, the genitive form can indicate: