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3479357 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
The Internet, as anyone who works deep in its trenches will tell you, is not a smooth, well-oiled machine. It’s a messy patchwork that has been assembled over decades, and it is held together with the digital equivalent of duct tape and bubble gum. Much of it relies on open-source software that is thanklessly maintained by a small army of volunteer programmers who fix the bugs.
Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Considering the previous text and its linguistic aspects, judge the following item.

The Internet depends on software that is poorly maintained by a large team of volunteer programmers.
 

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Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3479356 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
The Internet, as anyone who works deep in its trenches will tell you, is not a smooth, well-oiled machine. It’s a messy patchwork that has been assembled over decades, and it is held together with the digital equivalent of duct tape and bubble gum. Much of it relies on open-source software that is thanklessly maintained by a small army of volunteer programmers who fix the bugs.
Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Considering the previous text and its linguistic aspects, judge the following item.

The author suggests that the Internet is, metaphorically speaking, a malfunctioning machine.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3479355 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
The Internet, as anyone who works deep in its trenches will tell you, is not a smooth, well-oiled machine. It’s a messy patchwork that has been assembled over decades, and it is held together with the digital equivalent of duct tape and bubble gum. Much of it relies on open-source software that is thanklessly maintained by a small army of volunteer programmers who fix the bugs.
Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Considering the previous text and its linguistic aspects, judge the following item.

The word “it”, in the last sentence of the text, refers to “bubble gum”, mentioned in the prior sentence.
 

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Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3479354 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
“Certainly, here is a possible introduction for your topic...”, began a recent article in Surfaces and Interfaces, a scientific journal. Attentive readers might have wondered who exactly that bizarre opening line was addressing. They might also have wondered whether the article was written by a human or by a machine. It is a question ever more readers of scientific papers are asking. LLMs (Large Language Models) are now more than good enough to help write a scientific paper. They can breathe life into dense scientific prose and speed up the drafting process, especially for non-native English speakers. Such use also comes with risks: LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases, for example, and can churn out vast amounts of plausible nonsense.
Internet:<economist.com>(adapted).

According to the information stated in the preceding text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item.

The first sentence of the second paragraph could be correctly rewritten as It is a question that readers of scientific papers are increasingly asking.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3479353 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
“Certainly, here is a possible introduction for your topic...”, began a recent article in Surfaces and Interfaces, a scientific journal. Attentive readers might have wondered who exactly that bizarre opening line was addressing. They might also have wondered whether the article was written by a human or by a machine. It is a question ever more readers of scientific papers are asking. LLMs (Large Language Models) are now more than good enough to help write a scientific paper. They can breathe life into dense scientific prose and speed up the drafting process, especially for non-native English speakers. Such use also comes with risks: LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases, for example, and can churn out vast amounts of plausible nonsense.
Internet:<economist.com>(adapted).

According to the information stated in the preceding text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item.

The article mentioned in the first paragraph of the text was written with the help of LLMs.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3479352 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
“Certainly, here is a possible introduction for your topic...”, began a recent article in Surfaces and Interfaces, a scientific journal. Attentive readers might have wondered who exactly that bizarre opening line was addressing. They might also have wondered whether the article was written by a human or by a machine. It is a question ever more readers of scientific papers are asking. LLMs (Large Language Models) are now more than good enough to help write a scientific paper. They can breathe life into dense scientific prose and speed up the drafting process, especially for non-native English speakers. Such use also comes with risks: LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases, for example, and can churn out vast amounts of plausible nonsense.
Internet:<economist.com>(adapted).

According to the information stated in the preceding text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item.

The expression “churn out” (last sentence of the text) could be replaced with crank out, without harming the correctness of the sentence or its original meaning.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3479351 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
“Certainly, here is a possible introduction for your topic...”, began a recent article in Surfaces and Interfaces, a scientific journal. Attentive readers might have wondered who exactly that bizarre opening line was addressing. They might also have wondered whether the article was written by a human or by a machine. It is a question ever more readers of scientific papers are asking. LLMs (Large Language Models) are now more than good enough to help write a scientific paper. They can breathe life into dense scientific prose and speed up the drafting process, especially for non-native English speakers. Such use also comes with risks: LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases, for example, and can churn out vast amounts of plausible nonsense.
Internet:<economist.com>(adapted).

According to the information stated in the preceding text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item.

Large Language Models are able to produce flawless scientific texts.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3479350 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: TSE
“Certainly, here is a possible introduction for your topic...”, began a recent article in Surfaces and Interfaces, a scientific journal. Attentive readers might have wondered who exactly that bizarre opening line was addressing. They might also have wondered whether the article was written by a human or by a machine. It is a question ever more readers of scientific papers are asking. LLMs (Large Language Models) are now more than good enough to help write a scientific paper. They can breathe life into dense scientific prose and speed up the drafting process, especially for non-native English speakers. Such use also comes with risks: LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases, for example, and can churn out vast amounts of plausible nonsense.
Internet:<economist.com>(adapted).

According to the information stated in the preceding text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item.

The word “biases” (last sentence of the text) is, in its context, an adverb.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3478968 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FUNDATEC
Orgão: Pref. Cruz Alta-RS

The mystery of the cover letter

  1. Dear SIR/MADAM—You asked for a short cover letter to accompany my application to work
  2. in your sales department. I could spend time telling you that your company is the one place I
  3. have always wanted to work. I have named all of my pets after your various product lines. I am
  4. grateful just to be given the opportunity to be rejected by you.
  5. Or I could use up precious words exaggerating my experiences and skills. To pick out just
  6. a few, in a previous role I quadrupled the annual revenues in less than three minutes. I have
  7. lived in all of the world’s most important emerging markets, and speak fluent Mandarin, Hindi,
  8. Spanish, and Portuguese. I can ___ (sing) in all these languages, too. In my spare time, I like
  9. to meditate, kickbox, and teach underprivileged children how to read. If I am extremely busy, I
  10. do all three of these things at once.
  11. Or I could devote paragraphs to describing my problem-solving credentials using the STAR
  12. method that your own website says is a crucial part of your interview process. As an example, I
  13. previously worked for a chickpea distributor in Alaska. A colleague was underperforming badly
  14. and I was asked to mentor him. I transformed his numbers and he became the best-performing
  15. salesperson in the entire chickpea industry. As a result, the bastard was promoted to run the
  16. department and I find myself looking for work.
  17. Or I could tell you more about my character and values. I am passionate about everything.
  18. I have a growth mindset: growth means more to me than anything (That’s a joke, code for
  19. showing that I understand that work should be fun, too.)! I am extremely resilient: this is the
  20. 435th cover letter that I have sent out in the past month, even though your company is the only
  21. place I truly want to work.
  22. Or I could just use this letter as an excuse to repeat keywords from the job advertisement
  23. for this position. In fact, that’s basically all I have been doing so far, with the exception of
  24. “chickpea” and “bastard”. Passionate, problem-solving, purpose? Tick. I smuggled “code” in
  25. there, too, as a subliminal signal that I might be able to program.
  26. Or I could ask what the hell is the point of me writing a cover letter at all? If the idea is to
  27. prove that I am willing to put in extra time, then ChatGPT has reduced the effort of writing a
  28. generic cover letter to almost nothing. I know you have to filter people out somehow. But
  29. wouldn’t getting us to do some kind of aptitude or personality test tell you more about my
  30. candidacy?
  31. I can ___ (make) all of the same boasts in the CV you also asked for, and on LinkedIn
  32. (where I may be less likely to make things up). I have followed all of the usual advice on cover
  33. letters, as has almost every other applicant. The only defensible argument that I can ___ (think)
  34. of for requesting a cover letter is that you might stumble across a candidate honest enough to
  35. tell you what they think and memorable enough to warrant an interview.
  36. I look forward to meeting you in person soon.
  37. Yours sincerely, Frank Lee.

(Available at: https://www.economist.com/business/2024/09/05/the-mystery-of-the-cover-letter – textspecially adapted for this test).

The underlined structure “a few” (l. 06) refers to “experiences and skills” (l. 05), which are countable nouns in the context presented in the article. Mark the alternative below that shows other nouns that could be preceded by “a few”.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3478967 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FUNDATEC
Orgão: Pref. Cruz Alta-RS

The mystery of the cover letter

  1. Dear SIR/MADAM—You asked for a short cover letter to accompany my application to work
  2. in your sales department. I could spend time telling you that your company is the one place I
  3. have always wanted to work. I have named all of my pets after your various product lines. I am
  4. grateful just to be given the opportunity to be rejected by you.
  5. Or I could use up precious words exaggerating my experiences and skills. To pick out just
  6. a few, in a previous role I quadrupled the annual revenues in less than three minutes. I have
  7. lived in all of the world’s most important emerging markets, and speak fluent Mandarin, Hindi,
  8. Spanish, and Portuguese. I can ___ (sing) in all these languages, too. In my spare time, I like
  9. to meditate, kickbox, and teach underprivileged children how to read. If I am extremely busy, I
  10. do all three of these things at once.
  11. Or I could devote paragraphs to describing my problem-solving credentials using the STAR
  12. method that your own website says is a crucial part of your interview process. As an example, I
  13. previously worked for a chickpea distributor in Alaska. A colleague was underperforming badly
  14. and I was asked to mentor him. I transformed his numbers and he became the best-performing
  15. salesperson in the entire chickpea industry. As a result, the bastard was promoted to run the
  16. department and I find myself looking for work.
  17. Or I could tell you more about my character and values. I am passionate about everything.
  18. I have a growth mindset: growth means more to me than anything (That’s a joke, code for
  19. showing that I understand that work should be fun, too.)! I am extremely resilient: this is the
  20. 435th cover letter that I have sent out in the past month, even though your company is the only
  21. place I truly want to work.
  22. Or I could just use this letter as an excuse to repeat keywords from the job advertisement
  23. for this position. In fact, that’s basically all I have been doing so far, with the exception of
  24. “chickpea” and “bastard”. Passionate, problem-solving, purpose? Tick. I smuggled “code” in
  25. there, too, as a subliminal signal that I might be able to program.
  26. Or I could ask what the hell is the point of me writing a cover letter at all? If the idea is to
  27. prove that I am willing to put in extra time, then ChatGPT has reduced the effort of writing a
  28. generic cover letter to almost nothing. I know you have to filter people out somehow. But
  29. wouldn’t getting us to do some kind of aptitude or personality test tell you more about my
  30. candidacy?
  31. I can ___ (make) all of the same boasts in the CV you also asked for, and on LinkedIn
  32. (where I may be less likely to make things up). I have followed all of the usual advice on cover
  33. letters, as has almost every other applicant. The only defensible argument that I can ___ (think)
  34. of for requesting a cover letter is that you might stumble across a candidate honest enough to
  35. tell you what they think and memorable enough to warrant an interview.
  36. I look forward to meeting you in person soon.
  37. Yours sincerely, Frank Lee.

(Available at: https://www.economist.com/business/2024/09/05/the-mystery-of-the-cover-letter – textspecially adapted for this test).

Why is the sentence “I have named all of my pets after your various product lines” (l. 03) in the present perfect tense?

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas