Magna Concursos

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3473348 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: COTEC
Orgão: Pref. Japonvar-MG
Provas:
How healthy is broccoli?
The dinnertime standard is a nutritional multitasker.
New York Times
By Caroline Hopkins Legaspi.
Oct. 14, 2024
Children may not want to hear this, but broccoli more than deserves its place on our plates. The florets and stems are filled with nutrients that help keep your heart and bones healthy — and may reduce the risk of cancer.
“Broccoli is a multitasking vegetable,” said Emily Ho, a professor of nutrition and the director of the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University: It has a range of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals that give your body “a boost.” Along with cauliflower, brussels sprouts and other cruciferous vegetables, broccoli is a source of a sulfur-based nutrient called sulforaphane. It’s the compound behind broccoli’s odor and slightly bitter flavor. It also has anticancer properties, scientists believe.
Research suggests the sulforaphane in broccoli could help your body produce more of the enzymes that get rid of toxins like air pollution and cigarette smoke, Dr. Ho said.
In addition, sulforaphane is an antioxidant that can protect your body from inflammation. The theory “is that broccoli is protecting cells from the inflammation that promotes the growth of cancer,” said Ingrid Adams, a registered dietitian and associate professor of medical dietetics at Ohio State University.
In a recent analysis, 17 out of 23 studies found associations between eating broccoli and having lower risks of common cancers, including lung, colon and breast cancer. Taken together, the studies suggested that people who ate broccoli at least once a week were 36 percent less likely to develop cancer than those who didn’t.
Still, researchers haven’t definitively proven that broccoli helps prevent cancer, said Trygve Tollefsbol, a distinguished professor of biology at the O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. People who regularly eat broccoli tend to have other healthy habits, too, Dr. Tollefsbol said, so studies can’t single out broccoli as the reason someone doesn’t develop a disease.
The vitamin K in broccoli helps your body regulate blood circulation and clotting, said Anna L. Fogel, a registered dietitian at Harborview Medical Center in Seattle. Dietary guidelines generally recommend that adult women consume around 90 micrograms and men consume around 120 micrograms of vitamin K per day. One cup of chopped raw broccoli has about 93 micrograms.
That cup of broccoli also contains a decent amount (288 milligrams) of potassium. Potassium can help lower high blood pressure, Dr. Adams said.
Broccoli is high in fiber, as well, which can lower your bad cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease.
Those high levels of vitamin K could also benefit your bones, Dr. Ho said. The vitamin plays a key role in activating several of the proteins that form your bones and keep them strong.
The vitamin C in broccoli is also important here. Vitamin C helps with bone mineralization, which keeps bones from becoming brittle, in part by stimulating collagen production. One cup of raw broccoli contains more vitamin C than a cup of grapefruit.
Is there a best way to eat broccoli?
Just avoid boiling or overcooking it, the experts said.
Broccoli contains an active enzyme, called myrosinase, that’s released when you chew and digest it. Myrosinase activates the broccoli’s sulforaphane — but if you cook broccoli too long, you risk losing much of its myrosinase.
You’re fine as long as there’s still a slight crunch to the vegetable, Dr. Ho said. “If it’s not fully mushy, you still have some live cell walls, which means you still have some active enzyme.”
There’s another reason that boiling broccoli isn’t the first choice of experts: Some of broccoli’s water-soluble vitamins, like vitamin C, can leach out during the boiling process, Ms. Fogel said.
Disponível em: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/14/well/eat/broccoli-health-benefitsrecipes.html#:~:text=The%20dinnertime%20standard%20is%20a%20nutritional%20multitasker.&text=Children%20may%20not%20want%20to,reduce
%20the%20risk%20of%20cancer. Acesso em: 10 out. 2024.
What substance does broccoli contain that scientists believe helps prevent cancer?
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3473347 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: COTEC
Orgão: Pref. Japonvar-MG
Provas:
How healthy is broccoli?
The dinnertime standard is a nutritional multitasker.
New York Times
By Caroline Hopkins Legaspi.
Oct. 14, 2024
Children may not want to hear this, but broccoli more than deserves its place on our plates. The florets and stems are filled with nutrients that help keep your heart and bones healthy — and may reduce the risk of cancer.
“Broccoli is a multitasking vegetable,” said Emily Ho, a professor of nutrition and the director of the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University: It has a range of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals that give your body “a boost.” Along with cauliflower, brussels sprouts and other cruciferous vegetables, broccoli is a source of a sulfur-based nutrient called sulforaphane. It’s the compound behind broccoli’s odor and slightly bitter flavor. It also has anticancer properties, scientists believe.
Research suggests the sulforaphane in broccoli could help your body produce more of the enzymes that get rid of toxins like air pollution and cigarette smoke, Dr. Ho said.
In addition, sulforaphane is an antioxidant that can protect your body from inflammation. The theory “is that broccoli is protecting cells from the inflammation that promotes the growth of cancer,” said Ingrid Adams, a registered dietitian and associate professor of medical dietetics at Ohio State University.
In a recent analysis, 17 out of 23 studies found associations between eating broccoli and having lower risks of common cancers, including lung, colon and breast cancer. Taken together, the studies suggested that people who ate broccoli at least once a week were 36 percent less likely to develop cancer than those who didn’t.
Still, researchers haven’t definitively proven that broccoli helps prevent cancer, said Trygve Tollefsbol, a distinguished professor of biology at the O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. People who regularly eat broccoli tend to have other healthy habits, too, Dr. Tollefsbol said, so studies can’t single out broccoli as the reason someone doesn’t develop a disease.
The vitamin K in broccoli helps your body regulate blood circulation and clotting, said Anna L. Fogel, a registered dietitian at Harborview Medical Center in Seattle. Dietary guidelines generally recommend that adult women consume around 90 micrograms and men consume around 120 micrograms of vitamin K per day. One cup of chopped raw broccoli has about 93 micrograms.
That cup of broccoli also contains a decent amount (288 milligrams) of potassium. Potassium can help lower high blood pressure, Dr. Adams said.
Broccoli is high in fiber, as well, which can lower your bad cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease.
Those high levels of vitamin K could also benefit your bones, Dr. Ho said. The vitamin plays a key role in activating several of the proteins that form your bones and keep them strong.
The vitamin C in broccoli is also important here. Vitamin C helps with bone mineralization, which keeps bones from becoming brittle, in part by stimulating collagen production. One cup of raw broccoli contains more vitamin C than a cup of grapefruit.
Is there a best way to eat broccoli?
Just avoid boiling or overcooking it, the experts said.
Broccoli contains an active enzyme, called myrosinase, that’s released when you chew and digest it. Myrosinase activates the broccoli’s sulforaphane — but if you cook broccoli too long, you risk losing much of its myrosinase.
You’re fine as long as there’s still a slight crunch to the vegetable, Dr. Ho said. “If it’s not fully mushy, you still have some live cell walls, which means you still have some active enzyme.”
There’s another reason that boiling broccoli isn’t the first choice of experts: Some of broccoli’s water-soluble vitamins, like vitamin C, can leach out during the boiling process, Ms. Fogel said.
Disponível em: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/14/well/eat/broccoli-health-benefitsrecipes.html#:~:text=The%20dinnertime%20standard%20is%20a%20nutritional%20multitasker.&text=Children%20may%20not%20want%20to,reduce
%20the%20risk%20of%20cancer. Acesso em: 10 out. 2024.
According to scientists, what are the health benefits of broccoli consumption?
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3473346 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: COTEC
Orgão: Pref. Japonvar-MG
Provas:
INSTRUÇÃO: Consider the following text to answer this question.
Luisa and Marina are visiting their grandmother's house. Her grandmother ______ to donate her comic book collection to them:

− Girls, I have a gift for you that was from your great grandfather. That he ______ me and today will be yours. I ______ all these comic books for years. They are unique editions that my father ______ to me more than 30 years ago. But, first, you need to promise that you will take care of them just like I ______.

Fonte: O elaborador, 2024.



Select the alternative that presents the words that correctly fill in the gaps, considering the order of the text.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3471290 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FEPESE
Orgão: Pref. Chapecó-SC
Provas:

When we learn a language, there are four skills that we need for complete communication.

Read the sentences below and determine whether they are true ( T ) or false ( F ) based onto these skills.

( ) Speaking refers to understanding, interpreting and analysing the speaker’s message.

( ) Listening is an integral part of the communication process as it is vital for the listener to stay engaged and actively comprehend what is said.

( ) Writing involves presenting your thoughts in the form of text using the right structure and flow of information.

( ) Reading skills effectively includes having clarity and fluency in your expression and vocabulary.

( ) Speaking skills are usually important when companies are hiring new employees.

Select the option that presents the correct sequence from top to bottom.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3471284 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FEPESE
Orgão: Pref. Chapecó-SC
Provas:

Read the sentences below and determine whether they are true ( T ) or false ( F ) about Knowledge of Modern Foreign Language(s) (NCP document).

( ) Foreign languages also work as means of access to different forms of knowledge.

( ) Under LDB Law, Modern Foreign Languages have gain status as an important course in the curriculum.

( ) Learning a Modern Foreign Language nowadays, is an essential means of communication among people.

( ) Foreign Languages are still an isolated course in the curriculum.

Select the option that presents the correct sequence from top to bottom.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3471283 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FEPESE
Orgão: Pref. Chapecó-SC
Provas:

According to the National Curriculum Parameters:

The role of education in a technology-based society has features that can ensure an unprecedented level of ............................. to education. This is so as the development of the ................................... and ............................. competencies required for full-fledged human development has now coincided with production-related expectations.

Select the option that presents the correct missing words in the paragraph.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3471282 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FEPESE
Orgão: Pref. Chapecó-SC
Provas:

Read the following sentences about “Uso e formação de Wh-questions e outras estruturas interrogativas.”

1. Wh-questions begin with what, when, where, who, whom, which, whose, why and how.

2. We use the ‘wh-questions’ to ask for information. The answer can be yes or no. We expect an answer which gives information.

3. We usually form ‘wh-questions’ with wh- + an auxiliary verb (be, do or have) + subject + infinitive verb or with wh- + a modal verb + subject + main verb.

4. When what, who, which or whose is the subject or part of the subject, we do not use the auxiliary. We use the word order subject + verb.

Select the option that presents the correct sentences.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3471281 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FEPESE
Orgão: Pref. Chapecó-SC
Provas:

Text

Reading skill will help you to improve your understanding of the language and build your vocabulary.

Read the text below carefully.


Social media, magazines and shop windows bombard people daily with things to buy, and British consumers are buying more clothes and shoes than ever before. Online shopping means it is easy for customers to buy without thinking, while major brands offer such cheap clothes that they can be treated like disposable items – worn two or three times and then thrown away

In Britain, the average person spends more than £1,000 on new clothes a year, which is around four per cent of their income. That might not sound like much, but that figure hides two far more worrying trends for society and for the environment. First, a lot of that consumer spending is via credit cards. British people currently owe approximately £670 per adult to credit card companies. That’s 66 per cent of the average wardrobe budget. Also, not only are people spending money they don’t have, they’re using it to buy things they don’t need. Britain throws away 300,000 tons of clothing a year, most of which goes into landfill sites.

People might not realize they are part of the disposable clothing problem because they donate their unwanted clothes to charities. But charity shops can’t sell all those unwanted clothes. Fast fashion goes out of fashion as quickly as it came in and is often too poor quality to recycle; people don’t want to buy it second-hand. Huge quantities end up being thrown away, and a lot of clothes that charities can’t sell are sent abroad, causing even more economic and environmental problems.

However, a different trend is springing up in opposition to consumerism – the ‘buy nothing’ trend. The idea originated in Canada in the early 1990s and then moved to the US, where it became a rejection of the overspending and overconsumption of Black Friday and Cyber Monday during Thanksgiving weekend. On Buy Nothing Day people organize various types of protests and cut up their credit cards. Throughout the year, Buy Nothing groups organize the exchange and repair of items they already own.

The trend has now reached influencers on social media who usually share posts of clothing and make- -up that they recommend for people to buy. Some YouTube stars now encourage their viewers not to buy anything at all for periods as long as a year. Two friends in Canada spent a year working towards buying only food. For the first three months they learned how to live without buying electrical goods, clothes or things for the house. For the next stage, they gave up services, for example haircuts, eating out at restaurants or buying petrol for their cars. In one year, they’d saved $55,000.

The changes they made meant two fewer cars on the roads, a reduction in plastic and paper packaging and a positive impact on the environment from all the energy saved. If everyone followed a similar plan, the results would be impressive. But even if you can’t manage a full year without going shopping, you can participate in the anti-consumerist movement by refusing to buy things you don’t need. Buy Nothing groups send a clear message to companies that people are no longer willing to accept the environmental and human cost of overconsumption.

source: learnenglish.britishcouncil.org

Read the text again and choose the correct alternative.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3471280 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FEPESE
Orgão: Pref. Chapecó-SC
Provas:

Text

Reading skill will help you to improve your understanding of the language and build your vocabulary.

Read the text below carefully.


Social media, magazines and shop windows bombard people daily with things to buy, and British consumers are buying more clothes and shoes than ever before. Online shopping means it is easy for customers to buy without thinking, while major brands offer such cheap clothes that they can be treated like disposable items – worn two or three times and then thrown away

In Britain, the average person spends more than £1,000 on new clothes a year, which is around four per cent of their income. That might not sound like much, but that figure hides two far more worrying trends for society and for the environment. First, a lot of that consumer spending is via credit cards. British people currently owe approximately £670 per adult to credit card companies. That’s 66 per cent of the average wardrobe budget. Also, not only are people spending money they don’t have, they’re using it to buy things they don’t need. Britain throws away 300,000 tons of clothing a year, most of which goes into landfill sites.

People might not realize they are part of the disposable clothing problem because they donate their unwanted clothes to charities. But charity shops can’t sell all those unwanted clothes. Fast fashion goes out of fashion as quickly as it came in and is often too poor quality to recycle; people don’t want to buy it second-hand. Huge quantities end up being thrown away, and a lot of clothes that charities can’t sell are sent abroad, causing even more economic and environmental problems.

However, a different trend is springing up in opposition to consumerism – the ‘buy nothing’ trend. The idea originated in Canada in the early 1990s and then moved to the US, where it became a rejection of the overspending and overconsumption of Black Friday and Cyber Monday during Thanksgiving weekend. On Buy Nothing Day people organize various types of protests and cut up their credit cards. Throughout the year, Buy Nothing groups organize the exchange and repair of items they already own.

The trend has now reached influencers on social media who usually share posts of clothing and make- -up that they recommend for people to buy. Some YouTube stars now encourage their viewers not to buy anything at all for periods as long as a year. Two friends in Canada spent a year working towards buying only food. For the first three months they learned how to live without buying electrical goods, clothes or things for the house. For the next stage, they gave up services, for example haircuts, eating out at restaurants or buying petrol for their cars. In one year, they’d saved $55,000.

The changes they made meant two fewer cars on the roads, a reduction in plastic and paper packaging and a positive impact on the environment from all the energy saved. If everyone followed a similar plan, the results would be impressive. But even if you can’t manage a full year without going shopping, you can participate in the anti-consumerist movement by refusing to buy things you don’t need. Buy Nothing groups send a clear message to companies that people are no longer willing to accept the environmental and human cost of overconsumption.

source: learnenglish.britishcouncil.org

Read the sentences below and determine whether they are true ( T ) or false ( F ), according to structure and grammar use.

( ) The verbs worn and thrown (1st paragraph of the text) has its infinitive form as wear and throw.

( ) The underlined words in the text: nothing, anything and, everyone are examples of relative pronouns.

( ) The singular form of the following words from the text clothes and goods are, respectively cloth and good.

( ) The following sentence from the text: “Fast fashion goes out of fashion as quickly as it came in …” (3rd paragraph of the text). The words in bold are being used to compare things that are equal in some way.

( ) The negative form of the sentence “In one year, they’d saved $55,000.” (5th paragraph of the text), is “In one year, they hadn’t saved $55,000.

Select the option that presents the correct sequence from top to bottom.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
3471279 Ano: 2024
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: FEPESE
Orgão: Pref. Chapecó-SC
Provas:

Text

Reading skill will help you to improve your understanding of the language and build your vocabulary.

Read the text below carefully.


Social media, magazines and shop windows bombard people daily with things to buy, and British consumers are buying more clothes and shoes than ever before. Online shopping means it is easy for customers to buy without thinking, while major brands offer such cheap clothes that they can be treated like disposable items – worn two or three times and then thrown away

In Britain, the average person spends more than £1,000 on new clothes a year, which is around four per cent of their income. That might not sound like much, but that figure hides two far more worrying trends for society and for the environment. First, a lot of that consumer spending is via credit cards. British people currently owe approximately £670 per adult to credit card companies. That’s 66 per cent of the average wardrobe budget. Also, not only are people spending money they don’t have, they’re using it to buy things they don’t need. Britain throws away 300,000 tons of clothing a year, most of which goes into landfill sites.

People might not realize they are part of the disposable clothing problem because they donate their unwanted clothes to charities. But charity shops can’t sell all those unwanted clothes. Fast fashion goes out of fashion as quickly as it came in and is often too poor quality to recycle; people don’t want to buy it second-hand. Huge quantities end up being thrown away, and a lot of clothes that charities can’t sell are sent abroad, causing even more economic and environmental problems.

However, a different trend is springing up in opposition to consumerism – the ‘buy nothing’ trend. The idea originated in Canada in the early 1990s and then moved to the US, where it became a rejection of the overspending and overconsumption of Black Friday and Cyber Monday during Thanksgiving weekend. On Buy Nothing Day people organize various types of protests and cut up their credit cards. Throughout the year, Buy Nothing groups organize the exchange and repair of items they already own.

The trend has now reached influencers on social media who usually share posts of clothing and make- -up that they recommend for people to buy. Some YouTube stars now encourage their viewers not to buy anything at all for periods as long as a year. Two friends in Canada spent a year working towards buying only food. For the first three months they learned how to live without buying electrical goods, clothes or things for the house. For the next stage, they gave up services, for example haircuts, eating out at restaurants or buying petrol for their cars. In one year, they’d saved $55,000.

The changes they made meant two fewer cars on the roads, a reduction in plastic and paper packaging and a positive impact on the environment from all the energy saved. If everyone followed a similar plan, the results would be impressive. But even if you can’t manage a full year without going shopping, you can participate in the anti-consumerist movement by refusing to buy things you don’t need. Buy Nothing groups send a clear message to companies that people are no longer willing to accept the environmental and human cost of overconsumption.

source: learnenglish.britishcouncil.org

Read the sentences below and determine whether they are true ( T ) or false ( F ) based onto the text.

( ) The reason people buy clothes is to throw them away.

( ) If everyone followed the tips mentioned in the text, the environment would benefit.

( ) After reading the text we can infer that it is worrying that people spend money on things they do not need.

( ) The amount the average Briton owes on credit cards is one third of the amount they spend on clothes each year.

Select the option that presents the correct sequence from top to bottom.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas