Considerando a imagem e os conhecimentos sobre a história política da época, pode-se concluir que esse Partido

Supondo que essa divisão celular se concretize, gerando células-filhas, pode-se afirmar que

[...] dia desses, uma equipe de reportagem de um canal por assinatura veio até minha casa para me entrevistar sobre a Era Vargas. O repórter que conduziria a conversa advertiu-me, antes de o operador ligar a câmera: “Pense que nosso telespectador típico é aquele sujeito esparramado no sofá, com uma lata de cerveja numa mão e o controle remoto na outra, que esbarrou na nossa reportagem por acaso, durante o intervalo de um filme de ação”, detalhou. “É para esse cara que você vai falar; pense nele como alguém com a idade mental de 14 anos.”

Sou cortês, mas tenho meus limites. Quase enxotei o colega porta afora, aos pontapés. Respirei fundo e procurei ser didático, sem me esforçar para parecer que estava falando com o Homer Simpson postado ali do outro lado da lente. Afinal, como pai de duas crianças, acredito que há uma enorme distância entre o didatismo e o discurso toleirão, entre a clareza e a parvoíce.

(“A TV virou um dinossauro”. Folha de S.Paulo, 09.07.2017.)

Can plants hear?

Flora may be able to detect the

sounds of flowing water or munching insects

Pseudoscientific claims that music helps plants grow have been made for decades, despite evidence that is shaky at best. Yet new research suggests some flora may be capable of sensing sounds, such as the gurgle of water through a pipe or the buzzing of insects.

In a recent study, Monica Gagliano, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Western Australia, and her colleagues placed pea seedlings in pots shaped like an upside-down Y. One arm of each pot was placed in either a tray of water or a coiled plastic tube through which water flowed; the other arm had dry soil. The roots grew toward the arm of the pipe with the fluid, regardless of whether it was easily accessible or hidden inside the tubing. “They just knew the water was there, even if the only thing to detect was the sound of it flowing inside the pipe,” Gagliano says. Yet when the seedlings were given a choice between the water tube and some moistened soil, their roots favored the latter. She hypothesizes that these plants use sound waves to detect water at a distance but follow moisture gradients to home in on their target when it is closer.

The research, reported earlier this year in Oecologia, is not the first to suggest flora can detect and interpret sounds. A 2014 study showed the rock cress Arabidopsis can distinguish between caterpillar chewing sounds and wind vibrations – the plant produced more chemical toxins after “hearing” a recording of feeding insects. “We tend to underestimate plants because their responses are usually less visible to us. But leaves turn out to be extremely sensitive vibration detectors,” says lead study author Heidi M. Appel, an environmental scientist now at the University of Toledo.

(Marta Zaraska. www.scientificamerican.com, 17.05.2017.)