SLIPPERY WHEN WET

The cause of the magnitude 7.2 Kobe, Japan, earthquake in January 1995 is unknown. Zhao(…) developed a tomographic model of tire velocity structure of the crust beneath the epicenter and extended aftershock zone. Earthquakes provoke several different kinds of shock waves. The images show that the hypocenter of the earthquake was in a distinctive zone, characterized by low P-wave and S-wave velocities and a high Poisson's ratio, suggestive of the presence of fluids that may have helped facilitate the earthquake.

SCIENCE - December 13,1996.

A questão refere-se ao texto cujo vocabulário se segue:

• slippery = escorregadio

• wet = molhado

• earthquake = terremoto

• unknown = desconhecido

• crust = crosta

• beneath = embaixo de

• several = diversos, vários

• waves = ondas

• ratio = proporção

• low = baixo

O texto que você acabou de ler está composto por quatro períodos. Determine qual deles não se encontra diretamente ligado à idéia central:

A notícia a seguir foi extraída da revista TIME.

Leia-as e responda, respectivamente, a questão.

Notícia 2.

Raise another glass to alcohol. One or two drinks a day seem to cut by a third the risk of developing clogged arteries in the legs — a painful, sometimes dangerous condition that tends to afflict the elderly. Alcohol probably helps legs the same way it helps the heart — by raising the good cholesterol.

Dadas as asserções:

I. lnfere-se, pela leitura do texto, que há mais de um tipo de colesterol.

II. O autor inicia o texto propondo um brinde à bebida alcoólica.

III. O consumo de álcool previne entupimento das artérias.

IV. O consumo diário do álcool pode levar a uma condição de dor e até mesmo de perigo que aflige muitos idosos.

V. O autor propõe um brinde com bebida alcoólica.

estão corretas:

A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo:

In an early article, McKay suggested that the occurrence of PAHs (polyaromatic hydrocarbons) and textural and mineralogical features in the Martian meteorite ALH84001 were consistent with the presence of past life on Mars. A series of technical comments and responses address whether abiotic processes could have instead produced these features.

SCIENCE - December 20,1996.

Assinale a conjunção que poderia ligar as idéias contidas nos dois períodos do texto acima:

Leia abaixo a sinopse de um artigo publicado pela U.S. NEWS de 4 de agosto de 1997 e responda a questão.

ln Sports & Leisure: The hair-loss lndustry

Most of us laugh at those goofy late-night informercials that promise to fix hair loss forever - with paint. But the U.S. hair-loss industry pulls in $ 1.5 billion a year in revenues, and U.S. News was impressed enough by its influence to run an eight-page article about it last week. The article explained that despite the dubious success rate of most baldness treatments, the "treadmill of treatment and spending — and more treatment and more spending — is likely to be the only path for balding men and women who want their hair back" — at least until scientists come up with a medical cure for baldness. And we guarantee that the hair-loss industry does not want that to happen.

Extracted from: http://www.offtherack.com/hype/heaven2.html

A questão refere-se ao texto cujo vocabulário se segue:

• leisure = lazer

• hair-loss = perda de cabelo

• most of us = a maioria de nós

• to laugh at = rir de

• goofy = tolos

• to fix = consertar, arrumar

• forever = para sempre

• paint = tinta

• to pull in = arrecadar

• revenues = rendimentos

• enough = suficiente

• despite = apesar de

• rate = índice, taxa

• baldness = calvície

• treatment = tratamento

• spending = gasto, despesa

• to be likely to = ser provável

• path = caminho

• at least = pelo menos

• to come up with = encontrar

• to guarantee = garantir

Assinale a alternativa cuja informação não pode ser encontrada na primeira frase do texto:

A notícia a seguir foi extraída da revista TIME.

Leia-as e responda, respectivamente, a questão.

Notícia 1.

Anxious and depressed? This won't cheer you. Adults troubled by anxiety or depression may be twice as likely as their calm, happy peers to develop hypertension later in life.

Com base na notícia acima, pode-se afirmar que:

SLIPPERY WHEN WET

The cause of the magnitude 7.2 Kobe, Japan, earthquake in January 1995 is unknown. Zhao(…) developed a tomographic model of tire velocity structure of the crust beneath the epicenter and extended aftershock zone. Earthquakes provoke several different kinds of shock waves. The images show that the hypocenter of the earthquake was in a distinctive zone, characterized by low P-wave and S-wave velocities and a high Poisson's ratio, suggestive of the presence of fluids that may have helped facilitate the earthquake.

SCIENCE - December 13,1996.

A questão refere-se ao texto cujo vocabulário se segue:

• slippery = escorregadio

• wet = molhado

• earthquake = terremoto

• unknown = desconhecido

• crust = crosta

• beneath = embaixo de

• several = diversos, vários

• waves = ondas

• ratio = proporção

• low = baixo

Morfologicamente, as palavras KOBE e JAPAN, na primeira linha do texto, devem ser classificadas como:

A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo, escrito por Jonathan Coopersmith — historiador de tecnologia da Universidade do Texas.

DISPOSE OF NUCLEAR WASTE IN SPACE

Fifty years into the atomic age, there is still no way to dispose of thousands of tons of high-level nuclear waste. Thirty-eight years into the space age, there is still no inexpensive, reliable means to launch payloads to orbit. Four years after the breakup of the Soviet Union, tens of thousands of highly skilled engineers and scientists are discovering that the end of the Cold War has also ended their careers.

Are these three regrettable, but isolated problems or are they an opportunity to provide a better future while opening up the promise of space? lt is time to reconsider disposing of high-level nuclear waste in space, instead of underground.

[....................................................................................]

Nuclear waste has been the province of geologist and mining engineers for years, and their focus is under the Earth's surface. But the aerospace community, focused on satellite and manned flight, did not like the image of space as a garbage dump. Both communities now have reason to reconsider space disposal of nuclear wastes.

Space disposal will permanently remove the burden and responsibility of high-level radioactive waste from future generations. And it will provide a justification for massive investment in much-needed space technologies. Now that the U.S — Soviet rivalry that fed much of the space race is gone, space exploration and development increasingly have to be justified on their own merits. The immediate and clear benefits of shipping nuclear wastes to space may make space disposal more politically attractive than a manned mission to Mars.[..................................................................... ].

SPACE NEWS - May, 1995.

A questão refere-se ao texto cujo vocabulário se segue:

• nuclear waste = lixo nuclear

• There’s still no way = Ainda não há meio

• to dispose = desfazer-se, levar-se, acabar com

• thousands of = milhares de

• tons = toneladas

• high-level = alto nível

• inexpensive = barato

• reliable = seguro, confiável

• means = meios

• to launch = lançar

• payloads = cargas

• breakup = dissolução

• skilled = aptos, habilidosos, qualificados

• careers = carreiras

• regrettable = lamentáveis

• instead of = em vez de

• underground = subsolo

• province = área, terreno

• mining engineers = engenheiros de minas

• surface = superfície

• manned flight = vôo tripulado

• garbage dump = depósito de lixo

• both = ambos

• reason = razão

• burden = tarefa, encargo

• rivalry = rivalidade

• to feed, fed, fed = alimentar

• space race = corrida espacial

• increasingly = gradativamente

• own = próprios

• benefits = benefícios

• to ship = enviar, despachar, mandar

A principal preocupação do autor no artigo é com:

A questão refere-se aos textos abaixo, extraídos da reportagem “Technology you can use at home,“ da revista TIME de 17 de julho de 1995.

Chaining channels

The latest version of Sony’s tiny portable television, FDL-22 Watchman Color TV with Straptenna, is ergonomically designed for easy holding and viewing. A 5.6-cm liquid-crystal-display screen — the smallest to date – emits an impressively sharp picture. The signal is pulled in by a strap/antenna worn around the neck; it makes use of the water content of the human body to help with the reception.

Super food for skinnies

Scientists discovered 20 years ago that butter could be rendered more benign to the heart if, in a bit of molecular manipulation, the food’s fatty acids were rearranged. The resulting concoction, which tastes like butter but doens’t clog arteries, is nearly ready for commercial use. Playing around with several recipes, Dr. Edward Mascioli and a team at the Harvard Medical School have baked modified butter into guilt-free muffins and cookies that they hope will lower snackers’ blood-cholesterol levels. The stuff is being tested with a group of consumers eating regular goodies for five weeks followed by five weeks more on the virtuous kind. Medical Foods, a Canadian firm, plans to bring a line of such treats to market after that experimental phase is over.

Play tripper

Renault’s commuter car of the future is called Ludo (Latin for I play), though customers aren’t likely to go joyriding in anything similar for several years. But as far as the prototype is concerned, the designers have achieved a playful combination of practicality and efficiency in a city car. One of three designs being studied by Renault, the Ludo has twin sliding doors, giving as many as five passengers easy access, and fold-down seats that allow plenty of space for stowing paraphernalia. It features a peppy 1.15-liter engine fueled by clean-burning petroleum gas (a mixture of butane and propane). Top speed: about 150 km/h.

A questão refere-se aos textos cujo vocabulário se segue:

• the latest = a mais recente

• tiny = minúscula

• to design = projetar

• easy = fácil

• holding = manuseio

• screen = tela

• to date = até o momento

• sharp = preciso

• to wear, wore, worn = usar

• neck = pescoço

• content = conteúdo

• human body = corpo humano

• strap = fio, alça, correia

• skinnies = magricelas

• butter = manteiga

• to render = tornar-se

• a bit of = um pouco de

• fatty acids = ácidos graxos

• concoction = invenção

• to taste = ter o gosto de

• to clog = entupir

• nearly = quase

• ready = pronto

• recipes = receitas

• several = diversas

• team = equipe

• to bake = assar

• guilt-free = sem culpa

• cookies = biscoitos

• to lower = diminuir, reduzir

• levels = níveis

• stuff = coisa

• goodies = doces

• such = tais

• treats = guloseimas

• to be over = terminar, acabar

• though = embora

• to joyride = passear (de carro)

• as far as… is concerned = no que se refere a

• to achieve = alcançar

• playful = divertido

• twin sliding doors = duas portas corrediças

• fold-down seats = bancos que abaixam

• to allow = permitir

• plenty of space = muito espaço

• to stow = acondicionar

• to feature = apresentar

• engine = motor

• to fuel = mover a

• clean-burning petroleum gas = gasolina antipoluente

• top speed = velocidade máxima

Dadas as asserções:

I. A tela de cristal líquido da TV Sony possui uma imagem extremamente nítida e é a menor já desenvolvida até a data de publicação do artigo.

II. Um conectivo que poderia substituir though no texto “Play tripper” é thus.

III. A descoberta feita pelos cientistas da Escola de Medicina de Harvard levou o Dr. Mascioli e sua equipe a desenvolver receitas de biscoitos e de bolinhos especiais para pessoas com alta taxa de colesterol no sangue.

Está (ão) correta(s):

A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo, escrito por Jonathan Coopersmith — historiador de tecnologia da Universidade do Texas.

DISPOSE OF NUCLEAR WASTE IN SPACE

Fifty years into the atomic age, there is still no way to dispose of thousands of tons of high-level nuclear waste. Thirty-eight years into the space age, there is still no inexpensive, reliable means to launch payloads to orbit. Four years after the breakup of the Soviet Union, tens of thousands of highly skilled engineers and scientists are discovering that the end of the Cold War has also ended their careers.

Are these three regrettable, but isolated problems or are they an opportunity to provide a better future while opening up the promise of space? lt is time to reconsider disposing of high-level nuclear waste in space, instead of underground.

[....................................................................................]

Nuclear waste has been the province of geologist and mining engineers for years, and their focus is under the Earth's surface. But the aerospace community, focused on satellite and manned flight, did not like the image of space as a garbage dump. Both communities now have reason to reconsider space disposal of nuclear wastes.

Space disposal will permanently remove the burden and responsibility of high-level radioactive waste from future generations. And it will provide a justification for massive investment in much-needed space technologies. Now that the U.S — Soviet rivalry that fed much of the space race is gone, space exploration and development increasingly have to be justified on their own merits. The immediate and clear benefits of shipping nuclear wastes to space may make space disposal more politically attractive than a manned mission to Mars.[..................................................................... ].

SPACE NEWS - May, 1995.

A questão refere-se ao texto cujo vocabulário se segue:

• nuclear waste = lixo nuclear

• There’s still no way = Ainda não há meio

• to dispose = desfazer-se, levar-se, acabar com

• thousands of = milhares de

• tons = toneladas

• high-level = alto nível

• inexpensive = barato

• reliable = seguro, confiável

• means = meios

• to launch = lançar

• payloads = cargas

• breakup = dissolução

• skilled = aptos, habilidosos, qualificados

• careers = carreiras

• regrettable = lamentáveis

• instead of = em vez de

• underground = subsolo

• province = área, terreno

• mining engineers = engenheiros de minas

• surface = superfície

• manned flight = vôo tripulado

• garbage dump = depósito de lixo

• both = ambos

• reason = razão

• burden = tarefa, encargo

• rivalry = rivalidade

• to feed, fed, fed = alimentar

• space race = corrida espacial

• increasingly = gradativamente

• own = próprios

• benefits = benefícios

• to ship = enviar, despachar, mandar

A palavra reliable, destacada no texto, poderia ser traduzida por:

SLIPPERY WHEN WET

The cause of the magnitude 7.2 Kobe, Japan, earthquake in January 1995 is unknown. Zhao(…) developed a tomographic model of tire velocity structure of the crust beneath the epicenter and extended aftershock zone. Earthquakes provoke several different kinds of shock waves. The images show that the hypocenter of the earthquake was in a distinctive zone, characterized by low P-wave and S-wave velocities and a high Poisson's ratio, suggestive of the presence of fluids that may have helped facilitate the earthquake.

SCIENCE - December 13,1996.

A questão refere-se ao texto cujo vocabulário se segue:

• slippery = escorregadio

• wet = molhado

• earthquake = terremoto

• unknown = desconhecido

• crust = crosta

• beneath = embaixo de

• several = diversos, vários

• waves = ondas

• ratio = proporção

• low = baixo

Releia o texto após a exclusão do período que lhe havia sido inserido e analise as seguintes asserções:

I . O título resume e antecipa o conteúdo do texto.

II. O modelo desenvolvido por Zhao tornou possível a descoberta da causa de terremotos de alta magnitude.

III. A relação entre baixas velocidades das ondas P e S e alta razão de Poisson sugere a presença de fluidos em determinada área.

IV. Zhao concluiu que foi a presença de fluidos na zona do hipocentro que desencadeou a ocorrência do terremoto.

Das asserções acima está(ão) correta(s):