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Who is Kamala Harris’s role model?

Kamala Harris, the vice president-elect, has spoken about how having two immigrant parents impacted her own political values. In particular, she has spoken about her mother, Shyamala Gopalan, a Tamil Indian-American who became a leading cancer researcher and activist and passed away from colon cancer in 2009. From her name — Shyamala gave her and her sister Maya Sanskrit names to connect their heritage with their identities — to Kamala's focus on immigration and equal rights, Shyamala had, and continues to have, a profound influence and lasting legacy on her high-flying daughter. It's easy to see where Kamala gets her fearlessness from. Like her daughter, Shyamala was a high achiever, someone who pursued her career with conviction. After graduating from the University of Delhi, Shyamala got a PhD in nutrition and endocrinology from UC Berkeley. She stayed there for her career as a breast cancer researcher, then later worked at the University of Illinois and the University of Wisconsin — even eventually being a part of the Special Commission on Breast Cancer.

(Available: https://www.marieclaire.com. Access on: 11/30/2020. Adapted.)

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Global Trends in Language Learning in the 21st Century

A student portfolio demonstrates success in tangible ways, and also provides a means to assess students’ learning using an asset-based approach. Asset-based assessment is replacing traditional, deficit-based models of evaluation. Traditional ways of assessing language acquisition are inadequate in today’s world (Pappamihiel & Walser, 2009). Today language acquisition is seen as a complex, nonlinear and communicative endeavour. Traditional multiplechoice or fill-in-the-blank (also called “cloze”) activities and tests, which are easy to grade do not reflect the complexity that is involved in learning a language. Over the past 20 years, there has been a worldwide movement towards the development and implementation of benchmark systems and frameworks that take an asset-based approach to language assessment. One example of a successful national benchmarking system is the Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) for Canada’s two official languages, English and French, and on a larger scale in Europe, over 40 countries have adopted the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, developed by the Council of Europe (2001). What these systems have in common is an asset-based approach to evaluating learning. Traditional models of testing revealed “gaps” in students’ knowledge. There was an underlying expectation that if only these gaps could be filled with the appropriate knowledge, learning would be complete. Asset-based approaches using benchmarks and frameworks are the new trend in language learning evaluation and assessment. For language teachers this means not focusing on verbs and vocabulary lists. It means recognizing students’ abilities to understand, use and produce language in a variety of forms, for a variety of purposes.

(Available: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED510276.pdf. Access on: 11/30/2020. Adapted.)

Read the text below to answer the question.

Global Trends in Language Learning in the 21st Century

A student portfolio demonstrates success in tangible ways, and also provides a means to assess students’ learning using an asset-based approach. Asset-based assessment is replacing traditional, deficit-based models of evaluation. Traditional ways of assessing language acquisition are inadequate in today’s world (Pappamihiel & Walser, 2009). Today language acquisition is seen as a complex, nonlinear and communicative endeavour. Traditional multiplechoice or fill-in-the-blank (also called “cloze”) activities and tests, which are easy to grade do not reflect the complexity that is involved in learning a language. Over the past 20 years, there has been a worldwide movement towards the development and implementation of benchmark systems and frameworks that take an asset-based approach to language assessment. One example of a successful national benchmarking system is the Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) for Canada’s two official languages, English and French, and on a larger scale in Europe, over 40 countries have adopted the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, developed by the Council of Europe (2001). What these systems have in common is an asset-based approach to evaluating learning. Traditional models of testing revealed “gaps” in students’ knowledge. There was an underlying expectation that if only these gaps could be filled with the appropriate knowledge, learning would be complete. Asset-based approaches using benchmarks and frameworks are the new trend in language learning evaluation and assessment. For language teachers this means not focusing on verbs and vocabulary lists. It means recognizing students’ abilities to understand, use and produce language in a variety of forms, for a variety of purposes.

(Available: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED510276.pdf. Access on: 11/30/2020. Adapted.)

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In a Year of Pandemic and Pain, Women Fight Back (Hillary Margolis)

As violence against women repeatedly grabs headlines during the COVID-19 pandemic, women across Europe are at the forefront of mass protests demanding government action to protect women from abuse. Some argue that the women shouldn’t risk their lives by protesting during a pandemic, but using health as a reason for curbing action is a painful irony. Many women’s lives are already at risk, every day, often in their own homes. Even before the pandemic’s onset, one in five women experienced domestic violence. Despite the government’s efforts to encourage domestic violence survivors to seek help, the Human Rights Watch judges some measures reflected a lack of expert input and that insufficient resources left service providers struggling. It’s an ongoing problem, exacerbated but not caused by the pandemic. According to French government data, 146 women were killed by a current or former partner in 2019 — a rate of one every two and a half days, and 20% more than in 2018. Large-scale protests erupted in Turkey following the killing of 27-year-old Pinar Gultekin by her former partner in July, one of at least 234 women killed in Turkey since the beginning of the year. Some politicians from President Erdogan’s ruling party have suggested that Turkey should withdraw from the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, known as the Istanbul Convention. This would be a worrying step backwards since Turkey is a country where hundreds of women are killed every year. Activists in Poland also launched protests, but these were only some of many mass demonstrations in a busy year for women’s rights groups. The protests moved online in April because of COVID-19 lockdown measures. Women have harnessed the power of protest elsewhere too. Ukraine and Spain showed in their tens of thousands to call attention to violence against women and gender discrimination. Spikes in domestic abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic and growing crowds may have garnered the world’s attention, but tackling violence against women requires long-term, systemic investment. Women’s groups are working to ensure that national leaders can’t look away when the pandemic subsides.

(Available: https://www.hrw.org/news. Access on: 12/02/2020. Adapted.)

Read the text below to answer the question.

In a Year of Pandemic and Pain, Women Fight Back (Hillary Margolis)

As violence against women repeatedly grabs headlines during the COVID-19 pandemic, women across Europe are at the forefront of mass protests demanding government action to protect women from abuse. Some argue that the women shouldn’t risk their lives by protesting during a pandemic, but using health as a reason for curbing action is a painful irony. Many women’s lives are already at risk, every day, often in their own homes. Even before the pandemic’s onset, one in five women experienced domestic violence. Despite the government’s efforts to encourage domestic violence survivors to seek help, the Human Rights Watch judges some measures reflected a lack of expert input and that insufficient resources left service providers struggling. It’s an ongoing problem, exacerbated but not caused by the pandemic. According to French government data, 146 women were killed by a current or former partner in 2019 — a rate of one every two and a half days, and 20% more than in 2018. Large-scale protests erupted in Turkey following the killing of 27-year-old Pinar Gultekin by her former partner in July, one of at least 234 women killed in Turkey since the beginning of the year. Some politicians from President Erdogan’s ruling party have suggested that Turkey should withdraw from the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, known as the Istanbul Convention. This would be a worrying step backwards since Turkey is a country where hundreds of women are killed every year. Activists in Poland also launched protests, but these were only some of many mass demonstrations in a busy year for women’s rights groups. The protests moved online in April because of COVID-19 lockdown measures. Women have harnessed the power of protest elsewhere too. Ukraine and Spain showed in their tens of thousands to call attention to violence against women and gender discrimination. Spikes in domestic abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic and growing crowds may have garnered the world’s attention, but tackling violence against women requires long-term, systemic investment. Women’s groups are working to ensure that national leaders can’t look away when the pandemic subsides.

(Available: https://www.hrw.org/news. Access on: 12/02/2020. Adapted.)