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Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: Pref. Aracaju-SE
Professores de inglês têm uma variedade de abordagens de ensino à sua disposição para incluir em seu repertório. Cada método evoluiu ao longo do tempo, influenciado por teorias linguísticas, abordagens pedagógicas, eventos culturais e avanços tecnológicos. Na busca por instrução eficaz de idiomas, abordagens/métodos populares emergiram ao longo dos anos, enfatizando diferentes aspectos da aprendizagem de idiomas e atendendo a diversas necessidades dos aprendizes.
Cada abordagem tem seus próprios prós e contras, e nenhum método é universalmente considerado superior aos outros em todos os contextos de ensino. A instrução moderna de idiomas envolve uma “abordagem eclética”, uma combinação de métodos, adaptada aos níveis de proficiência dos aprendizes, objetivos de aprendizagem específicos e origens culturais.
Internet: <aprendebrasil.com.br> (com adaptações).
Considerando as diversas abordagens/métodos mais conhecidas no ensino de língua estrangeira, julgue o seguinte item.
A aprendizagem integrada de conteúdo e língua (CLIL) permite que os alunos aprendam um novo idioma enquanto adquirem conhecimentos sobre outras matérias, como história e geografia.
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I.The Direct Method focuses on teaching vocabulary and grammar inductively through immersion in the target language, using only the target language for instruction, and avoiding translation or the use of the native language.
II.The Grammar-Translation Method emphasizes the oral use of language and is based on mimicking real-life situations, often using role-play and interactive activities to enhance communication skills.
III.The Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) method centers on using tasks and activities that require real communication, such as problem-solving or project work, to develop language skills in a meaningful context.
IV.The Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach emphasizes the importance of meaningful communication and focuses on fluency rather than accuracy, encouraging students to use the language for real-world purposes through interactive activities and discussions.
V.The Audiolingual Method relies heavily on drilling and repetition, often using pattern practice, and emphasizes the structural aspects of language with a focus on correct pronunciation and grammatical structures.
Select the alternative with the correct sequence:
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O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 28 a 32.
Read the excerpt of the book entitled 'The Other Tongue: English across cultures' written by Joshua A. Fishman, published in 1992:
Sociology of English as an Additional Language
The ongoing nativization of non-native Englishes in various parts of the world proceeds within the penumbra of a rather stable and widespread image of English. This image is itself both influenced by and, in turn, contributory to an international sociolinguistic balance of power that characterizes the latter part of the twentieth century. This balance of power rests solidly on three realities: (1) not only is English increasingly associated with technological modernity and power, but this association is now being fostered by non-English mother-tongue interests; (2) English is both functionally fostered and regulated by local political authorities; and (3) indigenous "preferred languages" are complementary fostered and regulated by these same authorities.
Not only is English still spreading, but it is even being spread by non-English mother-tongue interests.
The world has previously witnessed the spread of languages of empire, the diffusion of lingua francas, and the growth of international languages. In most respects, therefore, the continued spread of English for international and intranational purposes is not novel in the annals of world history—or, if it is novel, it is so primarily in a quantitative sense, in terms of scale, rate, and degree, rather than in any qualitative sense or in terms of kind. If there is something qualitatively new under the sun in conjunction with the spread of English in the non-English mother-tongue world, it is merely that the spread has reached such an order of magnitude that it is now significantly fostered by the non- English mother-tongue world, rather than being predominantly de- pendent on resources, efforts, or personnel of the English mothertongue world (Conrad and Fishman 1977). Whether we monitor the veritable army of English-speaking econo-technical specialists, advisors, and representatives, or whether we examine the diffusion of English publications, films, radio and television programs, literacy programs and educational opportunities, it is becoming increasingly clear that non-English mother-tongue countries are significantly active in each of these connections. Nor is their involvement merely that of Third World recipients of Western largesse. True, Third World nations are themselves fostering massive efforts via and on behalf of English. On the other hand, however, equally massive programs via English are being conducted by the Soviet Union, the Arab world, and mainland China-world powers that have their own well-developed standard languages and that normally oppose various political, philosophical, and economic goals of the English mother-tongue world.
Source: FISHMAN, Joshua A. Sociology of English as an additional language. The other tongue: English across cultures, v. 2, p. 19-26, 1992.
Based on the use of relative and reflexive pronouns in the text, which of the following statements are true (T) or false (F)?
(__)The text uses relative pronouns to add further information, such as "that" in phrases like "world powers that have their own well-developed standard languages."
(__)Reflexive pronouns are used in the text to emphasize actions performed by subjects upon themselves, such as "itself" and "themselves."
(__)The text frequently uses "that" to ask (or declare) to whom something belongs.
Choose the alternative that presents the correct order:
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How does the English curriculum in the BNCC compare to the "Proposta Catarinense de Ensino" for "Ensino Fundamental II" (6th to 9th grade)?
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What contents are emphasized in the BNCC for teaching English as a second language?
I.The BNCC emphasizes vocabulary development and conversational fluency at every grade level, with a particular focus on speaking and listening skills.
II.The BNCC emphasizes the integration of language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing are taught separately without focusing on their interconnection.
III.The BNCC focuses on the integration of cultural aspects, aiming to develop students' understanding of English-speaking cultures and global perspectives alongside language skills.
IV.The BNCC outlines specific goals for language proficiency by grade level, and each grade focuses on progressively increasing fluency in both written and spoken communication.
V.The BNCC shows the contents, abilities, and competencies of the English curriculum from 1st to 9th grade, but it refuses to include proficiency goals for English language learners in high school.
Select the alternative with the correct sequence:
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- Gramática - Língua InglesaAdvérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions
- Gramática - Língua InglesaOrações condicionais | Conditional Clauses
Read the following statements about coordinate and subordinate clauses. Write T for true statements and F for false ones:
(__)While coordinate clauses are typically linked by conjunctions such as "and," "but," or "or," they can sometimes be introduced by more complex structures that express contrast or additional conditions, such as "although" or "yet," depending on the context.
(__)A subordinate clause, unlike a coordinate clause, cannot function as an independent sentence, and it always relies on a main clause to convey a complete thought, even if it contains its own subject and verb.
(__)In some cases, a coordinate clause may be punctuated with a semicolon, especially when the clauses are closely related, though this is not always a strict rule and depends on the writer's discretion and stylistic choices.
Select the alternative with the correct sequence:
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The BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular) is the national curriculum framework in Brazil, outlining the essential competencies, skills, and content to be taught at each educational stage, ensuring a common educational standard across the country.
How is the BNCC structured in terms of the English curriculum?
I.The BNCC provides a set of guidelines that define the contents, abilities, and competencies required for teaching English as a second language starting from 6th grade (Ensino Fundamental II).
II.The BNCC outlines the competencies and content for English language teaching from the 1st to the 9th grade, with a focus on language development, culture, and communication skills.
III.The BNCC includes general recommendations for foreign language teaching but does not specify any particular grade-level objectives or expectations.
IV.The BNCC strictly follows a grammar-translation approach and does not include communicative language teaching methods.
Select the alternative with the correct sequence:
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