Foram encontradas 371 questões.
Avalie a assertiva abaixo com base no modelo IS-LM-BP:
Item 1 - Considere um grupo de países com fortes laços comerciais que entra em recessão. Caso haja coordenação entre estes países, uma política fiscal expansionista conjunta poderia tirá-los da recessão sem afetar muito suas balanças comerciais.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Printing money is valid response to coronavirus crisis
Quantitative easing programmes may be here for the long term
Financial Times Editorial Board
APRIL 6 2020
https://www.ft.com/content/fd1d35c4-7804-11ea-9840-1b8019d9a987
The British government has never paid off the £1,200,000 loan that created the Bank of England in 1694. In exchange it gave the merchants who provided the money the exclusive right to print banknotes against this debt, giving birth to the central bank and much of the architecture behind the world’s financial system. Today, as policymakers promise to do “whatever it takes” to prop up their economies in the face of coronavirus, central banks are facing calls to print money to finance government spending directly.
In times of emergency, particularly war, central banks have often handed freshly printed banknotes to governments. The fight against resultant inflation was postponed until after any crisis. Despite the pandemic, the world is not yet in that position today. There is no need, for now, to relax the framework of independent, inflation-targeting central banking. Yet this kind of monetary financing should be a tool available to policymakers, if needed.
Without limits, allowing a government to finance itself by creating money can lead to hyperinflation. But these risks can be manageable: the quantitative easing of the past decade, despite predictions, has not lifted inflation above the main central banks’ 2 per cent targets. The money pumped into rich-world economies has been met by increased demand, perhaps permanently, for precautionary saving.
There is no clear distinction between quantitative easing and monetary financing. Central bankers say asset purchases under QE are temporary, meaning the newly-created money will one day be removed from the economy. But it is hard to bind the hands of their successors, who could one day make them permanent. Either way, the effect is to lower the cost of government borrowing. Buying the bonds only after they have been sold to private investors still frees up funds for new issues.
Recent QE programmes, in fact, look increasingly likely to become permanent. Central bankers were unable to complete a much-discussed programme of “normalising” monetary policy between the financial crisis and today’s crash. They are not going to be able to do so any time soon. The scale of previous schemes means the Bank of Japan — which holds government bonds worth more than 100 per cent of Japanese national income — may never be able fully to unwind its purchases.
The difference between QE and direct monetary financing is mostly one of presentation: whether asset purchases are deemed temporary or permanent. This matters: credibility and messaging are important features of central banking. An opinion article this week by Andrew Bailey, the Bank of England governor, that ruled out monetary financing may have been largely conceived to convince international investors that there is little reason to fear keeping funds in sterling.
If trends restraining inflation go into reverse, central bankers have tools to combat rising prices, whether through raising interest rates or unwinding QE. The present crisis may even be deflationary and central banks’ targets are, with the exception of the European Central Bank, symmetric in promising to tackle inflation that is both below and above their stated goal.
The scale of today’s downturn means even the most direct monetary financing, such as “helicopter money”, or handing cash to the public, should remain an option. This will require co-ordination with democratically elected officials, who are responsible for the public finances. The debate should not be over whether monetary financing can happen — in QE, it already is — but over keeping the process under control via independent central banks.
We infer from the text that:
Item 3 - It is imperative the co-ordination between central bankers and elected officials;
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Julgue como verdadeira ou falsa a seguinte afirmativa:
Item 3 - Dado um número real 0<!$ \alpha !$<1, defina a sequência (!$ x_n !$) por meio de !$ x_n=\Sigma^{\infty}_{k=n+1}\,\alpha^k !$. Então !$ \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} x_n\sqrt{n}=+\infty !$.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Em uma economia nacional, a demanda por trigo é Pd = 120 - Q/2 e a oferta doméstica é Ps = 3Q/2. A unidade de trigo pode ser importada livremente no mercado internacional, que é competitivo, ao preço constante de Pf = 30. O governo cria uma tarifa de importação de t = 15 por unidade importada. Julgue o item a seguir:
Item 0 - Antes da tarifa, a quantidade importada de trigo era Mo = 180.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Considerando o Modelo IS-LM com expectativas e que a inflação corrente e a inflação futura esperada sejam iguais a zero, assinale como verdadeira ou falsa a assertiva abaixo:
Item 0 - Os efeitos da política monetária sobre o produto serão pequenos se as expectativas não se alterarem.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
A função de produção para uma pizzaria é Q = 30K0,5L0,5, em que Q é o número de pizzas produzidas por hora, K é o número de fornos (fixado em 4 no curto prazo) e L é o número de trabalhadores empregados. Julgue o item a seguir:
Item 3 - A produtividade média do trabalho é igual a 30 quando L = 4.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Considere o Modelo de Oferta e Demanda Agregadas e avalie a seguinte afirmativa:
Item 3 - A política monetária expansionista não tem efeito algum sobre o nível de produto no longo prazo.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Com relação à análise econômica de investimento, indique se a afirmativa é verdadeira ou falsa:
Item 0 - A análise do valor presente líquido incorpora o valor presente com taxa de desconto tanto dos custos quanto dos benefícios de um investimento.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Printing money is valid response to coronavirus crisis
Quantitative easing programmes may be here for the long term
Financial Times Editorial Board
APRIL 6 2020
https://www.ft.com/content/fd1d35c4-7804-11ea-9840-1b8019d9a987
The British government has never paid off the £1,200,000 loan that created the Bank of England in 1694. In exchange it gave the merchants who provided the money the exclusive right to print banknotes against this debt, giving birth to the central bank and much of the architecture behind the world’s financial system. Today, as policymakers promise to do “whatever it takes” to prop up their economies in the face of coronavirus, central banks are facing calls to print money to finance government spending directly.
In times of emergency, particularly war, central banks have often handed freshly printed banknotes to governments. The fight against resultant inflation was postponed until after any crisis. Despite the pandemic, the world is not yet in that position today. There is no need, for now, to relax the framework of independent, inflation-targeting central banking. Yet this kind of monetary financing should be a tool available to policymakers, if needed.
Without limits, allowing a government to finance itself by creating money can lead to hyperinflation. But these risks can be manageable: the quantitative easing of the past decade, despite predictions, has not lifted inflation above the main central banks’ 2 per cent targets. The money pumped into rich-world economies has been met by increased demand, perhaps permanently, for precautionary saving.
There is no clear distinction between quantitative easing and monetary financing. Central bankers say asset purchases under QE are temporary, meaning the newly-created money will one day be removed from the economy. But it is hard to bind the hands of their successors, who could one day make them permanent. Either way, the effect is to lower the cost of government borrowing. Buying the bonds only after they have been sold to private investors still frees up funds for new issues.
Recent QE programmes, in fact, look increasingly likely to become permanent. Central bankers were unable to complete a much-discussed programme of “normalising” monetary policy between the financial crisis and today’s crash. They are not going to be able to do so any time soon. The scale of previous schemes means the Bank of Japan — which holds government bonds worth more than 100 per cent of Japanese national income — may never be able fully to unwind its purchases.
The difference between QE and direct monetary financing is mostly one of presentation: whether asset purchases are deemed temporary or permanent. This matters: credibility and messaging are important features of central banking. An opinion article this week by Andrew Bailey, the Bank of England governor, that ruled out monetary financing may have been largely conceived to convince international investors that there is little reason to fear keeping funds in sterling.
If trends restraining inflation go into reverse, central bankers have tools to combat rising prices, whether through raising interest rates or unwinding QE. The present crisis may even be deflationary and central banks’ targets are, with the exception of the European Central Bank, symmetric in promising to tackle inflation that is both below and above their stated goal.
The scale of today’s downturn means even the most direct monetary financing, such as “helicopter money”, or handing cash to the public, should remain an option. This will require co-ordination with democratically elected officials, who are responsible for the public finances. The debate should not be over whether monetary financing can happen — in QE, it already is — but over keeping the process under control via independent central banks.
According to the text:
Item 4 - Interest rates and quantitative easing are tools for the central bank.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Assinale como verdadeira ou falsa a assertiva abaixo:
Item 2 - Quando a Condição de Marshall-Lerner é satisfeita, uma apreciação real da moeda doméstica provoca uma melhora na balança comercial.
Provas
Questão presente nas seguintes provas
Cadernos
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