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A atmosfera e sua dinâmica climática influenciam na concentração e na dispersão dos poluentes atmosféricos. Em determinadas situações de tipos de tempo atmosférico pode ocorrer acúmulo de poluentes, resultado da diminuição da dispersão destes. Não podemos esquecer que a atmosfera e suas características apenas agravam os quadros de concentração de poluentes não sendo a fonte destes. Uma condição meteorológica, típica na latitude do trópico de capricórnio, nos meses de outono e em especial no inverno, agrava essa condição resultando em piora nos índices de qualidade do ar, em especial em grandes centros urbanos.
Essa condição meteorológica é resultado da ocorrência de
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O recurso gráfico no qual se representa no eixo da abscissa os intervalos de classes e, no eixo das ordenadas a frequência (relativa e/ou absoluta) da variação temporal ou espacial de um determinado atributo é denominado
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Dispondo de um conjunto de dados de precipitação pluviométrica (mm/mensal) e vazão (m3/mensal) de um determinado rio, em uma série histórica que compreende os anos de 1976 a 2010 (35 anos de registro), o tipo de análise estatística apropriada para identificar a associação entre essas variáveis é
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O ciclo da água, ou ciclo hidrológico, é o movimento responsável pela contínua troca de água entre os oceanos, os continentes e a atmosfera. A força de gravidade e a energia solar são os principais responsáveis por esse movimento.
Observe os “caminhos” que a água pode seguir e assinale a alternativa correta.
Representação simplificada dos componentes do ciclo hidrológico.
(Disponível em: http://www.mma.gov.br/agua/recursos-hidricos/aguas-subterraneas/ciclo-hidrologico.
Acesso em: Jan. 2013)
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Uma bacia hidrográfica, de primeira ordem, apresenta área de drenagem total de 10 km2 (dez quilômetros quadrados).
Um evento de precipitação pluvial totalizou, em um pluviômetro instalado dentro da bacia de drenagem, 32 mm em 24h. Considerando que a precipitação ocorreu de forma homogênea em toda a área, o volume, em metros cúbicos (m3), acumulado em toda a bacia de drenagem, é
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De acordo com a norma-padrão da língua portuguesa, assinale a alternativa em que a concordância verbal e/ou nominal está corretamente empregada.
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DIET DRINKS "LINK TO DEPRESSION" QUESTIONED
Experts are questioning whether diet drinks could raise depression risk, after a large study has found a link.
The US research in more than 250,000 people found depression was more common among frequent consumers of artificially sweetened beverages. The work, which will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology’s annual meeting, did not look at the cause for this link.
Drinking coffee was linked with a lower risk of depression.
People who drank four cups a day were 10% less likely to be diagnosed with depression during the 10-year study period than those who drank no coffee. But those who drank four cans or glasses of diet fizzy drinks or artificially sweetened juice a day increased their risk of depression by about a third. Lead researcher Dr Honglei Chen, of the National Institutes of Health in North Carolina, said: “Our research suggests that cutting out or down on sweetened diet drinks or replacing them with unsweetened coffee may naturally help lower your depression risk.”
But he said more studies were needed to explore this. There are many other factors that may be involved. And the findings – in people in their 50s, 60s, 70s and 80s and living in the US – might not apply to other populations. The safety of sweeteners, like aspartame, has been extensively tested by scientists and is assured by regulators.
Gaynor Bussell, of the British Dietetic Association, said: “Sweeteners used to be called ‘artificial’ sweeteners and unfortunately the term ‘artificial’ has evoked suspicion. As a result, sweeteners have been very widely tested and reviewed for safety and the ones on the market have an excellent safety track record. However, the studies on them continue and this one has thrown up a possibly link – not a cause and effect – with depression.”
(http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20943509.09.01.2013. Adaptado)
Provas
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
DIET DRINKS "LINK TO DEPRESSION" QUESTIONED
Experts are questioning whether diet drinks could raise depression risk, after a large study has found a link.
The US research in more than 250,000 people found depression was more common among frequent consumers of artificially sweetened beverages. The work, which will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology’s annual meeting, did not look at the cause for this link.
Drinking coffee was linked with a lower risk of depression.
People who drank four cups a day were 10% less likely to be diagnosed with depression during the 10-year study period than those who drank no coffee. But those who drank four cans or glasses of diet fizzy drinks or artificially sweetened juice a day increased their risk of depression by about a third. Lead researcher Dr Honglei Chen, of the National Institutes of Health in North Carolina, said: “Our research suggests that cutting out or down on sweetened diet drinks or replacing them with unsweetened coffee may naturally help lower your depression risk.”
But he said more studies were needed to explore this. There are many other factors that may be involved. And the findings – in people in their 50s, 60s, 70s and 80s and living in the US – might not apply to other populations. The safety of sweeteners, like aspartame, has been extensively tested by scientists and is assured by regulators.
Gaynor Bussell, of the British Dietetic Association, said: “Sweeteners used to be called ‘artificial’ sweeteners and unfortunately the term ‘artificial’ has evoked suspicion. As a result, sweeteners have been very widely tested and reviewed for safety and the ones on the market have an excellent safety track record. However, the studies on them continue and this one has thrown up a possibly link – not a cause and effect – with depression.”
(http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20943509.09.01.2013. Adaptado)
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