Magna Concursos

Foram encontradas 182 questões.

2413815 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

Remembrance of things past is often dearest to those who are bored or driven to despair by the world around them. To these the contemplation of times gone by brings surcease from current burdens too heavy to bear. “Take not away from me” implored the Emperor Julian, world-weary monarch in another age of disenchantment, “this mad love for that which no longer is. That which has been is more splendidly beautiful than all that is…” To others, concerned as watchers and movers with the challenge of today and the promise or menace of tomorrow, the tale of many yesterdays, reconstructed by the history and the science of living men and women, has another meaning.

By revealing what has gone before, it illumines the act of the human adventure now being played and suggests the pattern of acts to come. The drama of earthborn and earthbound humanity, despite all its crises and intermissions, is a continuous story. All the characters are prisoners of time. All the problems of the now are forever shaped by the experiences of a then which extends back in unbroken sequence to the origins of life. Each generation has freedom to choose among alternative designs for destiny, and opportunity to win some measure of mastery over its fate, only to the extent of its comprehension of where it stands in the cavalcade of years, decades, centuries, and millennia ticked off by the spinning planet.
Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the Western state system. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1948, p. 1 (adapted).
Based on the text, judge if the item below are right (C) or wrong (E).

The author’s clear intention in the first paragraph is to rightly extol the virtues of extreme political reactionarism.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413776 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Português
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:

CARTA PARA ANTONIO CARLOS JOBIM

Porto do Havre [França], 7 de setembro de 1964

Tomzinho querido,

Estou aqui num quarto de hotel que dá para uma praça que dá para toda a solidão do mundo. São dez horas da noite e não se vê viv’alma. Meu navio só sai amanhã à tarde, e é impossível alguém estar mais triste do que eu. E, como sempre nestas horas, escrevo para você cartas que nunca mando.

Deixei Paris para trás com a saudade de um ano de amor, e pela frente tenho o Brasil, que é uma paixão permanente em minha vida de constante exilado. A coisa ruim é que hoje é 7 de setembro, a data nacional, e eu sei que em nossa embaixada há uma festa que me cairia muito bem, com o Baden Powell mandando brasa no violão. Há pouco telefonei para lá, para cumprimentar o embaixador, e veio todo mundo ao telefone.

Você já passou um 7 de setembro, Tomzinho, sozinho, num porto estrangeiro, numa noite sem qualquer perspectiva? É fogo, maestro!

Vinicius de Moraes. Querido poeta. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2003, organização de Ruy Castro, p. 303-4 (com adaptações).

Julgue (C ou E) o item seguinte, relativo às ideias do texto acima.

Pelo emprego da expressão “todo mundo”, pressupõe-se que, além do embaixador, outros amigos e colegas de trabalho de Vinicius de Moraes, sem que se possa saber quantos, telefonaram-lhe do Brasil.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413726 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

It may not stir up international outrage like its semi namesake WikiLeaks, but Wikipedia sparks debate. The free online encyclopedia, which celebrates its tenth birthday on January 15th, is a symbol of unpaid collaboration and one of the most popular destinations on the Internet, attracting some 400m visitors a month. It also faces serious charges of elitism.

Wikipedia offers more than 17m articles in 247 languages. Every day thousands of people edit entries or add new ones in return for nothing more than the satisfaction of contributing to the stock of human knowledge. Wikipedia relies on its users’ generosity to fill its coffers as well as its pages. Recent visitors to the website were confronted with images of Jimmy Wales, a co-founder, and a request for donations. The campaign was annoying but effective, raising $ 16m in 50 days.

With its emphasis on bottom-up collaboration and the broad dissemination of knowledge, the online encyclopedia is in many ways an incarnation of the fundamental values of the web. But Wikipedia also reveals some of the pitfalls of the increasingly popular “crowdsourcing” model of content creation. One is maintaining accuracy. On the whole, Wikipedia’s system of peer reviewing does a reasonable job of policing facts. But it is vulnerable to vandalism. Several politicians and TV personalities have had their deaths announced in Wikipedia while they were still in fine fettle.

Some observers argue the site should start paying expert editors to produce and oversee content, and sell advertising to cover the cost. Problems with accuracy “are an inevitable consequence of a free-labour approach”, argues Alex Jannykhin, of WikiExperts, which advises organisations on how to create Wikipedia articles (the very existence of such outfits hints at Wikipedia’s importance, as well as its susceptibility to outside influence). The encyclopedia’s bosses retort that such concerns are overblown and that taking advertisers would dent its appeal to users.
Wikipedia. The promise and perils of crowdsourcing content. In: The Economist, January 15th-21st, 2011, p. 69 (adapted).
Based on the text, judge if the item below are right ( C ) or wrong (E).

The basic concepts behind Wikipedia are inconsistent with the usefulness of unhindered access to the Internet.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413700 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

Remembrance of things past is often dearest to those who are bored or driven to despair by the world around them. To these the contemplation of times gone by brings surcease from current burdens too heavy to bear. “Take not away from me” implored the Emperor Julian, world-weary monarch in another age of disenchantment, “this mad love for that which no longer is. That which has been is more splendidly beautiful than all that is…” To others, concerned as watchers and movers with the challenge of today and the promise or menace of tomorrow, the tale of many yesterdays, reconstructed by the history and the science of living men and women, has another meaning.

By revealing what has gone before, it illumines the act of the human adventure now being played and suggests the pattern of acts to come. The drama of earthborn and earthbound humanity, despite all its crises and intermissions, is a continuous story. All the characters are prisoners of time. All the problems of the now are forever shaped by the experiences of a then which extends back in unbroken sequence to the origins of life. Each generation has freedom to choose among alternative designs for destiny, and opportunity to win some measure of mastery over its fate, only to the extent of its comprehension of where it stands in the cavalcade of years, decades, centuries, and millennia ticked off by the spinning planet.
Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the Western state system. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1948, p. 1 (adapted).
The particle “as” is used in the text
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413670 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: História
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:

Segundo Frei Vicente do Salvador, em uma das ocasiões em que foi necessário pegar em armas para submeter os gentios da região do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Duarte de Albuquerque Coelho organizou várias companhias de guerra. Em Olinda, servindo-se de “mercadores e moradores, porque eram de diversas partes do Reino”, o donatário “ordenou outras três companhias”: “que por capitão dos de Viana do Castelo fosse João Pais, dos do Porto, Bento Dias Santiago e dos de Lisboa, Gonçalo Mendes d’Elvas, mercador”.

Leonor F. Costa. Redes interportuárias nos circuitos do açúcar brasileiro. O trajecto de Gaspar Pacheco, um banqueiro de D. João IV. In: M. Cunha (Coord.). Do Brasil à metrópole. Efeitos sociais (séc. XVII-XVIII). Anais da Universidade de Évora, jul./2001, p. 15 (com adaptações).

Tendo o texto acima como referência inicial, julgue (C ou E) o item a seguir, relativo à sociedade colonial brasileira.

A centralização do poder político, refletida na concentração do aparato burocrático do império português em Lisboa, deu origem à monopolização do comércio colonial pelos mercadores lisboetas.

 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413435 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

Nobel was an ardent advocate of arbitration, though not of disarmament, which he thought a foolish demand for the present. He urged establishment of a tribunal and agreement among nations for a one-year period of compulsory truce in any dispute. He turned up in person, though incognito, at a Peace Congress in Bern in 1892 and told Bertha von Suttner that if she could “inform me, convince me, I will do something great for the cause”. The spark of friendship between them had been kept alive in correspondence and an occasional visit over the years and he now wrote her that a new era of violence seemed to be working itself up: “one hears in the distance its hollow rumble already.” Two months later he wrote again, “I should like to dispose of my fortune to found a prize to be awarded every five years” to the person who had contributed most effectively to the peace of Europe. He thought that it should terminate after six awards, “for if in thirty years society cannot be reformed we shall inevitably lapse into barbarism”. Nobel brooded over the plan, embodied it in a will drawn in 1895 which allowed man a little longer deadline, and died the following year.
Barbara Tuchman. The proud power. MacMillan Company, 1966, p. 233 (adapted).
Based on the text, judge if the following item are right (C) or wrong (E).

Nobel predicted that peace would only last thirty years, because violence in Europe was increasing.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413154 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

It may not stir up international outrage like its semi namesake WikiLeaks, but Wikipedia sparks debate. The free online encyclopedia, which celebrates its tenth birthday on January 15th, is a symbol of unpaid collaboration and one of the most popular destinations on the Internet, attracting some 400m visitors a month. It also faces serious charges of elitism.

Wikipedia offers more than 17m articles in 247 languages. Every day thousands of people edit entries or add new ones in return for nothing more than the satisfaction of contributing to the stock of human knowledge. Wikipedia relies on its users’ generosity to fill its coffers as well as its pages. Recent visitors to the website were confronted with images of Jimmy Wales, a co-founder, and a request for donations. The campaign was annoying but effective, raising $ 16m in 50 days.

With its emphasis on bottom-up collaboration and the broad dissemination of knowledge, the online encyclopedia is in many ways an incarnation of the fundamental values of the web. But Wikipedia also reveals some of the pitfalls of the increasingly popular “crowdsourcing” model of content creation. One is maintaining accuracy. On the whole, Wikipedia’s system of peer reviewing does a reasonable job of policing facts. But it is vulnerable to vandalism. Several politicians and TV personalities have had their deaths announced in Wikipedia while they were still in fine fettle.

Some observers argue the site should start paying expert editors to produce and oversee content, and sell advertising to cover the cost. Problems with accuracy “are an inevitable consequence of a free-labour approach”, argues Alex Jannykhin, of WikiExperts, which advises organisations on how to create Wikipedia articles (the very existence of such outfits hints at Wikipedia’s importance, as well as its susceptibility to outside influence). The encyclopedia’s bosses retort that such concerns are overblown and that taking advertisers would dent its appeal to users.
Wikipedia. The promise and perils of crowdsourcing content. In: The Economist, January 15th-21st, 2011, p. 69 (adapted).
According to the text, judge if the following item are right (C) or wrong (E).

The terms “stir up” and “sparks” bear a semantic relationship to the verb to fuel.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413079 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

It may not stir up international outrage like its semi namesake WikiLeaks, but Wikipedia sparks debate. The free online encyclopedia, which celebrates its tenth birthday on January 15th, is a symbol of unpaid collaboration and one of the most popular destinations on the Internet, attracting some 400m visitors a month. It also faces serious charges of elitism.

Wikipedia offers more than 17m articles in 247 languages. Every day thousands of people edit entries or add new ones in return for nothing more than the satisfaction of contributing to the stock of human knowledge. Wikipedia relies on its users’ generosity to fill its coffers as well as its pages. Recent visitors to the website were confronted with images of Jimmy Wales, a co-founder, and a request for donations. The campaign was annoying but effective, raising $ 16m in 50 days.

With its emphasis on bottom-up collaboration and the broad dissemination of knowledge, the online encyclopedia is in many ways an incarnation of the fundamental values of the web. But Wikipedia also reveals some of the pitfalls of the increasingly popular “crowdsourcing” model of content creation. One is maintaining accuracy. On the whole, Wikipedia’s system of peer reviewing does a reasonable job of policing facts. But it is vulnerable to vandalism. Several politicians and TV personalities have had their deaths announced in Wikipedia while they were still in fine fettle.

Some observers argue the site should start paying expert editors to produce and oversee content, and sell advertising to cover the cost. Problems with accuracy “are an inevitable consequence of a free-labour approach”, argues Alex Jannykhin, of WikiExperts, which advises organisations on how to create Wikipedia articles (the very existence of such outfits hints at Wikipedia’s importance, as well as its susceptibility to outside influence). The encyclopedia’s bosses retort that such concerns are overblown and that taking advertisers would dent its appeal to users.
Wikipedia. The promise and perils of crowdsourcing content. In: The Economist, January 15th-21st, 2011, p. 69 (adapted).
In the text, the word “overblown” is synonymous with
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2413001 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

Remembrance of things past is often dearest to those who are bored or driven to despair by the world around them. To these the contemplation of times gone by brings surcease from current burdens too heavy to bear. “Take not away from me” implored the Emperor Julian, world-weary monarch in another age of disenchantment, “this mad love for that which no longer is. That which has been is more splendidly beautiful than all that is…” To others, concerned as watchers and movers with the challenge of today and the promise or menace of tomorrow, the tale of many yesterdays, reconstructed by the history and the science of living men and women, has another meaning.

By revealing what has gone before, it illumines the act of the human adventure now being played and suggests the pattern of acts to come. The drama of earthborn and earthbound humanity, despite all its crises and intermissions, is a continuous story. All the characters are prisoners of time. All the problems of the now are forever shaped by the experiences of a then which extends back in unbroken sequence to the origins of life. Each generation has freedom to choose among alternative designs for destiny, and opportunity to win some measure of mastery over its fate, only to the extent of its comprehension of where it stands in the cavalcade of years, decades, centuries, and millennia ticked off by the spinning planet.
Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the Western state system. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1948, p. 1 (adapted).
As far as the semantic and grammar features of the text are concerned, judge if the following item are right (C) or wrong (E).

The expression “watchers and movers” refers to people who play clearly distinct roles as far as political action is concerned.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas
2412654 Ano: 2011
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: IRB
Provas:
This text refers to question.

Nobel was an ardent advocate of arbitration, though not of disarmament, which he thought a foolish demand for the present. He urged establishment of a tribunal and agreement among nations for a one-year period of compulsory truce in any dispute. He turned up in person, though incognito, at a Peace Congress in Bern in 1892 and told Bertha von Suttner that if she could “inform me, convince me, I will do something great for the cause”. The spark of friendship between them had been kept alive in correspondence and an occasional visit over the years and he now wrote her that a new era of violence seemed to be working itself up: “one hears in the distance its hollow rumble already.” Two months later he wrote again, “I should like to dispose of my fortune to found a prize to be awarded every five years” to the person who had contributed most effectively to the peace of Europe. He thought that it should terminate after six awards, “for if in thirty years society cannot be reformed we shall inevitably lapse into barbarism”. Nobel brooded over the plan, embodied it in a will drawn in 1895 which allowed man a little longer deadline, and died the following year.
Barbara Tuchman. The proud power. MacMillan Company, 1966, p. 233 (adapted).
In the text,

the word ‘for’ can be replaced by since with no change in the original meaning of the sentence.
 

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas