The Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) is a strategic plan established by law that sets guidelines, objectives, goals, and strategies for education in Brazil over a ten-year period. Regarding the PNE, read the statements below and then select the correct alternative.

I.One of the goals of the 2014-2024 PNE addresses the quality of basic education and the Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB). One of the elements that support the IDEB is the Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB), which is promoted by the Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP).
II.Among the programs included in the PNE is the PNAE, the Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar , which consists of the transfer of federal financial resources to serve students in basic education in municipal, district, state, and federal networks, among other types of institutions.
III.The last valid PNE only covered the decade of 2014-2024. Since this document ceased to be valid at the end of 2024, Brazil currently does not have a valid National Education Plan (PNE) for the year 2025.
IV.The PNE is composed of a total of 10 goals, which include, among other important points, Early Childhood Education, Elementary Education, Secondary Education, Comprehensive Education, and Vocational Education. Higher Education, as well as Postgraduate Studies, are not covered by the PNE, since the document is dedicated to the most basic levels of Education.
V.Among the programs and actions foreseen in the goal of Elevação da Escolaridade/Diversidade presented in the 2014-2024 PNE are programs such as the Programa Nacional de Educação do Campo (Pronacampo) and the Ação Saberes Indígenas na Escola.

Discourse markers are words or expressions that connect ideas, organize discourse, and indicate relationships of meaning (such as contrast, cause, consequence, addition, etc.). Regarding the correct use of discourse markers, read the statements below and select the correct alternative:

Phonetic knowledge is important because it can help learners comprehend how sounds are produced in English. Studying Phonetics can help develop better listening comprehension, improve pronunciation, increase intelligibility, and improve overall communication. Regarding Phonetics, read the following statements and select the correct alternative:

I.The sounds / θ/ and /ð/ are also present in the Phonetic Alphabet of the Portuguese language.
II.A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound that can distinguish one word from another.
III.A grapheme is the written representation of a sound.
IV.In the English language, each letter of the alphabet corresponds to one specific sound.
V.The phoneme /∫/ is present in the words nation and mission.

Phrasal verbs are typically composed by one verb and a preposition or adverb that have a different meaning when they are combined. Read the sentences presented in the second column, match them to the number of the first column that corresponds to the meaning of the phrasal verb they contain, and select the alternative with the correct sequence of numbers.

First column: phrasal verbs

1.To remain at the same level
2.To become weaker
3.To rely, to expect
4.To behave badly
5.To destroy something 

Second column: sentences

(__)Hurricane Melissa is expected to die down over the next few days.
(__)She runs too fast, I just can't keep up!
(__)Her mom tore up the note after reading it.
(__)He is not reliable, so don't bank on his support.
(__)The boys are acting up in the living room.

Modal auxiliaries (or modal verbs) are verbs that can be used with the main verb in a sentence to express deduction, ability, possibility, obligation, permission, advice, or probability. Regarding the correct use of modal auxiliaries, read the sentences below and select the correct alternative:

The Base Nacional Comum Curricular document (BNCC) currently in force indicates 5 axes that guide the teaching-learning process of English in the final years of elementary school. Based on the axes defined by the BNCC document, read the following statements and then select the correct alternative:

I.With regard to the Writing axis, the BNCC recommends text production practices that involve movements that are sometimes collective, sometimes individual, of planning-production-revision, in which decisions are made and evaluated about the ways of communicating what is desired, keeping in mind aspects such as the objective of the text, the support that will allow it social circulation and its possible readers.
II.In the Orality axis, the BNCC prioritizes the use of media resources that bring a more standardized variant of the English language, with the aim of avoiding harm to the student's comprehension and learning, preferring, even, oral use practices without face-to-face contact.
III.The Intercultural Dimension axis points, among other things, to the importance of problematizing the different roles of the English language itself in the world, its values, its reach, and its effects on relations between different people and peoples, both in contemporary society and from a historical perspective.
IV.The Reading axis, in turn, includes, among its guidelines, working with verbal and hybrid genres, mainly enhanced by digital media, as this work makes it possible to experience, in a meaningful and situated way, different modes of reading and different reading goals.
V.The Linguistic Knowledge axis prioritizes the study of the correct form of the English Language as indicated in grammars, which is the appropriate norm established by language scholars, who are the most specialized professionals to indicate how one should speak. Furthermore, this axis recommends studying the language in isolation, to avoid comparisons with the Portuguese Language, for example.

There are four distinct techniques to convey or narrate what was said by someone to a third party: direct speech, reported speech, free direct speech and free reported speech.

I.Free direct speech is characterized by conveying the original message, but not the speaker's exact words.
II.He said their house had been for sale for six months is an example of reported speech.
III.Free reported speech is used in narratives to convey the thoughts or words of a character, through the narrator's voice.
IV.Reported speech presents with introductory verbs such as to say, to ask or to tell , and with quotation marks.
V.Direct speech can require a shift in verb tenses, pronouns and adverbs.

Em sua segunda campanha eleitoral para a Presidência dos EUA, Donald Trump declarou diversas vezes a intenção de anexar o território da Groenlândia e até planos para o Canal do Panamá e o próprio Canadá. Essa postura provocou debates sobre uma antiga prática política do século XIX e início do XX, o imperialismo. Sobre o imperialismo enquanto experiência histórica, assinale a alternativa correta:

A independência do Haiti (1804), fruto da Revolução Haitiana iniciada em 1791, é uma das mais simbólicas no contexto da colonização europeia nas Américas. Assinale a alternativa que indica a que esse simbolismo se deve:

Sobre a Lei n.º 2.040, de 28 de setembro de 1871, a chamada "Lei do Ventre Livre", analise as sentenças a seguir e assinale a alternativa correta: