Question comprise a cloze test based on the beginning of an excerpt on lesson planning. For each of the numbered gaps in the following text, choose the alternative that best completes it. You should consider both grammatical correction as well as contextual appropriateness.

Many of the same principles that apply to the selection of materials can be used in designing daily lesson plans: that is, lessons should be planned to include contextualized and personalized practice, small-group interaction, creative language use, culturally authentic listening and reading practice, and functional tasks similar to those that might be encountered in the target culture. The following _______ may help teachers plan more effective lessons.

Consider the content that is to be taught for a given class day. Think in terms of themes, cultural contexts, and functional tasks to be ________ , as well as grammar and vocabulary. Plan a lesson that flows within the contexts you have identified, integrating the grammatical concepts, functions, vocabulary, and cultural information _______ the chapter themes. Choose to embed the practice activity in large discourse units: minidialogues, paragraphs, role-plays, and the ________ . For example, if you plan to teach interrogative words and expressions, consider how students can use questioning strategies to accomplish a real-world task that is coordinated ________ the theme of the unit or chapter.

Consider what students should be able to DO at the end of the class period. Plan activities that will help students _________ functional objectives. Make activities student-centered _______ than teacher -centered; that is, plan practice activities that involve all students actively during the class hour. Students need to use the skills they are learning ________ they are to become more proficient;watching the teacher use the language is not nearly so beneficial to ________ . Small-group work, board work, dictation, paired interviews, and active listening practice are a few of the ________ that require all students to participate simultaneously and actively.

(Adapted from Teaching Language in Context, by Alice C. Omaggio. Boston: Heinle & Heinle Publishers, 1986)